eisenhower's an interesting study in this regard because when we think of eisenhower we think of all the warnings he gave about overuse of the military which are all -- were valid warnings and remain valid warnings to this day. you're all familiar with the military industrial complex observation in the farewell address of 1961. he gave a very important warning in a speech early in his first time in the speech he wrote himself warning about bloating defense budgets that would not allow the united states to do what it needed to do in terms of infrastructure, domestic economy, educating our children. and there was a great line in it that he wrote about when we're spending on defense and particularly when we're overspending on defense, we're spending the brains and our scientists, the sweat of our laborers and the hopes of our children and he warned against this and he also warned that any era or period of global war or permanent war such as the one we're in now would lead to definite limitations in personal liberty and you can argue that's what's exactly what's happened over the past te

eisenhower.uring one of his stops, con fronting with a campaign dilemma, he tells an audience of his confidence in his running-mate. >> i have worked with and have confidence in senator nixon. ♪ >> off korea, a new era dawns in warfare. the carrier "usa boxer" launches guided missiles first time in combat bringing the push button war in reality. the first mission of the robot bombers, weapon that is may eliminate the human element of air war. the robot missile is catapulted along. it's a hell cat carrying a 1-ton bomb load and a camera instead of a pie rot. already in the air is the mother plane with an observer flying the drone by remote control. side by side missile and mother plane head for the target. the pilot safely out of aim guides the robot directly into the target with accuracy. a devastating surprise debut for a deadly new weapon. ♪ vast inaccessible regions of the north land assume new importance as news comes of an air base only . . . . . to authority, quite responsive to what a pres

to eisenhower, that meant taking advantage of the automatic economic stabilizers.asked richard gill how those stabilizers work. in 1954, when real gnp began to fall, federal tax revenues also began to fall simply because there was less taxable income. this meant more money for consumers. private spending did not have to fall as much as one might have expected. in terms of our diagram, this private spending curve, instead of going down, was flatter like this. instead of spiraling into a great depression, private spending was maintained at a relatively high level. the fall in national income was cushioned. if these stabilizers are so wonderful and worked so nicely in 14, why didn't they stop the great depression of the 1930s? because government was playing a much larger economic role than it had been 20 years earlier. this was what keynesians of the time were advocating. i, john fitzgerald kennedy do solemnly swear... that you will faithfully execute the office of president. that i will faithfullexecute... the bright promise of that day blinded many. john kennedy had

eisenhower poshard security -- eisenhower's security council was more like a military-based one. this allowed eisenhower to deal with the day-to-day crisis, as well as to devote to more strategic planning. more so, in his memoirs, richard nixon complained that a lot of eisenhower's time was wasted. nixon's personal preference was to do things on paper, he said he to get briefings through memoranda rather than on -- them through meetings. the other shortcomings of the eisenhower system was because it was the military. so when decisions were made on the lower level, and the boss got these decisions, it was a yes or no, or choosing from a, b, or c. nixon saw first hand of the weakness of their foreign policy decision-making processes. he thought that kennedy and johnson were as -- were also more of an ad hoc crisis decision-making process. at the end of the johnson administration, decisions were made by a few people on a regular tuesday luncheon, because johnson it that point, was afraid of leaks. together, kissinger and nixon were formed the national security structure. now, people

eisenhower was an incessant golfer. he really, really loved the game. he played both as candidate and as president elect. >> in looking at the video there, it seemed almost like a summer camp. >> time magazine in august, 1962, said that not since the days of theodore roosevelt had a nation witnessed such a heart-pounding realm of activities. >> he scrambled on the lawn and splashed on the water at times when i thaublgt resembled sort of a miniature olympics. it described dragging as an attempt to avoid drowning. >> you talked about what "time" magazine said. "look" magazine put a big picture of the president on its cover. what did this image say about president kennedy? >> it certainly said it was appealing. there's a dozen or more laughing local children. >> before we wrap up, could you give us a quick look at some of the notable other presidential vacations you write about? >> there have been many. washington set the president stand aurd. in wap wa's case, that men supervision of a building of a new capital city, one that is meant for him. there are a

there was an executive order back to truman and eisenhower that required a discharge and mccarthy and others began to conflate the issue of national security with sexual orientation saying that homosexuals were a security risk and went so far as to make the outrageous claim that adolf hitler had assembled a list of american homosexuals with the goal of compromising their loyalty and turning them into spies cannot seize and at the end of what were to have had a falling into stalin and then he was recruiting spies for the soviet union so in all of the fervor about the cold war, this allegation overnight turned much of the country against homosexuals. they put pressure on the district of columbia police force to make arrests to cite so they could be identified and they could be fired from federal government jobs and have a result thousands lost their jobs. the dc police department created the elimination squad that was about 600 undercover officers who would go out into the communities and the restaurants and the parks to make eye contact with targeted males and arrest them and that was

memorial eisenhower controversy now. that has been going on for years and we have no idea when the eisenhower memorial is being billed good we have several other the more of but not a world war i memorial. so there is much excitement about this project. to stick few words about our speaker. thend fountain is in international law firm jones day game he is the grandson of not one but two world war i veterans. i cofounded the world war memorial foundation. this led to the advocacy of a national world war i memorial on july 2013, he was nominated to the world war i centennial commission. he was elected vice chairman of 2014.mmission in july mr. fountain is the graduate of the university of carolina, the london school of economics, and the university of virginia law school. [applause] >> thank you. good morning. fountain, theund vice chairman of the u.s. world war i monument commission. it was given the mission of ensuring a suitable observation of the centennial of the great war and commemorating the service of men and women

so we're going to fast forward to maimy eisenhower, the other iowa first lady. -- mamie eisenhower. it's also hanging in the exhibit and the lights on here are not letting that pink show through. but this is in her signature maim any pink. interestingly -- maimy pink. there are lots of goins of her wearing low necklines and sleeveless. i can't find any criticism of her on that. but when maimy came into office, the american public really fell in love with her. after the turmoil of world war the and the korean war when thize hours came into office at the beginning of 1953 there was a sense that maybe the country could go back to some level of normalcy. mamie dressed like they did. she had trouble with her hair so she had to have the bangs. it was just people felt like they could relate and connect with her. i think one of the reasons why that was the case is because the 1952 election was the very first time that either political party specifically used the wife of the presidential candidate and in this particular case, the wife of the vice presidential candidate as well, so that would

eisenhower turned it into a military staff. and then after that, it reflected how interested a president was in foreign-policy and national security. lbj was much more interested in civil rights and domestic affairs, so vietnam became the total, but having a concept and a vision as to how the rest of the world should be, he just was not interested. the nsc reverted to a very ad hoc tuesday lunch kind of ad hoc meeting, so sometimes the cabinet officers had to weigh on things that he was not interested in, and they never knew what was going on. it was a major change, and then when president nixon came in, here was this guy who, critics of watergate say, was not interested in domestic and social policy, he was really interested in national security policy, and kissinger he found his alter ego. their structure, whatever process that was used to build it and put in place, was designed to bring all of that back in and an orderly and structured fashion. >> none of us want to denigrate the other agencies. in fact, very many abled peop

at us start talking about watch, and particular watch that was given to president eisenhower.head. >> when general eisenhower was an five-star general ahead of nato, rolex approached him and presented him with a watch. it is numb him -- number 150000 and they gave him it for saving europe from not see germany -- not see germany -- nazi germany. he wore this washed into the white house. what makes it so important is when rolex and data presented this watch, it was not a brand of prestige or power. once president eisenhower was photographed by it, rolex begin to transform into the brand it is today. we feel is the most important rolex. >> when looking at the detail of the watch, i noticed there was the five stars engraved on the back of the watch itself. on the bracelet it has his initials. >> it has dde on it. it is impeccable and significant. he gave it to his valet that was with him until his death. >> he actually moved with eisenhower and his wife to gettysburg. >> in the 1980's, it was purchased by our client who has a great presidential collection. that is most of the opti

eisenhower golfing. ford skiing. jimmy carter on the softball field. any number of things. presidents fishing, often early 20th century presidents like coolidge and hoover fishing in three-piece suits. >> are there any images that are in any way controversial? you write about roosevelt liking to chop down trees on his property just to hear the tree fall. we knew george w. bush was clearing brush out at his ranch. outside of golf and those sorts of activities, have presidents been criticized by the activities they pursue? >> sure. sometimes with a little bit of tongue in cheek. president roosevelt, who won the nobel peace prize in the summer of 1905 for monitoring the end of the war while on vacation got a newspaper scolding from the "new york times." the reason, he needed a break. the break appeared on the waters of oyster bay. it was an early u.s. navy submarine called "the plunger." roosevelt went down on it for 55 minutes. t"the new york times" said he risked a valuable life in a collapsible and otherwise dangerous device. >> the book is "away from the white house: presi

eisenhower had no interest in any of that and eisenhower accepted a stalemate in korea which a lot ofpresidents probably would have been unable to do. so, it was his policy and the dulles brothers and nixon were not that influential. he relied on actually military officers to a large extent who he knew from world war ii, particularly matthew ridgeway, that was a very close relationship. the one between eisenhower and ridgeway. but on covert action for some reason, because i think it can be done as he thought cheaply and not too noisy and not too visible, and because iran appeared to be a success in 1953, he did follow their lead on those issues and i think serious mistakes were made so you have ady cot my here. it's clearlyiz eisenhower's policies over the eight-year period. kept a lid on defense spending but on covert action and clandestine operations they were influenti influential. because i don't think he paid as much attention to that as he did the strategic matters. >> kind of a two-part question. on the intelligence leading up to the iraq war, you said it was flawed. my underst

eisenhower, interestingly, there have been a slew of new books on eisenhower in the last couple years and people are now looking at him and do. the feeling has always been he was vague, and connected, didn't understand what he was doing and now people are looking at him and taking another look at that. that is one of the interesting things that happens with presidential history. there never is a ending to it but you look back and eisenhower's time and there's not a lot to complain about in terms of how the economy was going and many things that were going on. and of course much of it deals with him as commander in chief. thank you starbucks. when i did my trip i was staying in kents a lot of the time and visiting the library so wherever i was i was able to get a coffee and i was able to plug in and i was able to write my blog. i don't think i would have made it without starbucks. nixon as he always does pushes things to the level where you start to have some problems and when i was at the nixon library, kim was the director is there, there was an absolute civil war going on between th

in 1958 the eisenhower administration commissioned the corona project. joint effort from private companies like general electric and the lockheed corporation. next is a documentary that tells the story of the creation of the program, telling how the satellite was built and the challenges the designers faced. this project mark the first successful recovery of film from space. from the recovery to the 1972, the project photographed more than 750 square miles of soviet territory. [captioning performed by national captioning institute] [applause]

even to the point where, allah maimy eisenhower, she has gone to bangs. i want to thank you and i believe we've got some questions, possibly, so i'm going to open the floor. >> so when you return and if and when we have bill as the first husband or first man, will there be anything about bill that you'll be able to add to this presentation? >> yes. the width of his lapels on his suit jackets, the width of his ties, and whether or not his ants are pleated and cuffed. thank you. >> you haven't said much about the wigs or hairpieces that they wear. i understand they have as many as 20 that they can wear at any time. do you know much about that? >> now, who are you referring to? the earlier first ladies? >> most of the later ones, i think. >> i will have to say that if that's the case, that's not anything that i have come across in any of the reading that i've done, so that's new to me. >> ok. well, i kind of believe that some of those are hairpieces and wigs. >> well, they may be. as you know, a first lady cannot get away with a bad hair day. f >> i have a q

in 1958 the eisenhower administration commissioned the corona project. joint effort from private companies like general electric and the lockheed corporation. next is a documentary that tells the story of the creation of the program, telling how the satellite was built and the challenges the designers faced. this project mark the first successful recovery of film from space. from the recovery to the 1972, the project photographed more than 750 square miles of soviet territory. [captioning performed by national captioning institute] [applause] >> good morning, ladies and gentlemen. for a moment, let's think back will point in time. october 24, 1957, to be precise. on that board the board of consultant activities submitted onk to president eisenhower the status of the intelligence community's collection capabilities. and at the strong urging from , they called for a reassessment of the satellite reconnaissance system put into development by the air force. a complicated system based on electrical transmission of images from space. the 12 oxcartme reconnaiss

so he went and got it and went -- eisenhower didn't mind it. a system developed and eisenhower actually turned out to be a natural for television under montgomery's supervision. john f. kennedy and his handlers they left the democratic convention in 1956 with television in mind. by 1960, kennedy fit perfectly into what he always called that little gadget. the white house was ever present on the screen in his administration caring that farther, the symbolic house was embellished by press settings rich in history. the kennedy administration brought the white house into the public. consciously as never before. here was a home finer than most but facing the same challenges of living that a house -- any house felt. and the public felt a part of this.kk4g in time, the settings of the kennedys inside the rooms were replaced by museum collections, assembled by president and mrs. nixon. the nixon white house is really the white house today in the sense of the furnishings. the -- what they did was they put history back. that truman had torn away. as a pr

eisenhower with the. eisenhower was the solarium group and persons with key advisers the kissinger's the brzezinski's the cheneys that dominated the advice in one way or another. presidents that have used their cabinets and relied on a national security council or a handful of trusted advisers of the advice in the analysis, the intelligence sometimes has been good and sometimes has been catastrophic in misjudging events and how that has led us to a decision. i talk about presidential decisions in the book. what's going to the president's mind? is there a degree of emotion? is there something else that's happening? did this catch them by surprise or is there something beyond just the analysis that leads to that decision? also the strategy that is created. before you even decide to step onto a battlefield i can tell you this from a military general's point of view, tell me what you want me to do. i was a student at the national war college as a lieutenant carnell and we had a representative come to speak wi

general eisenhower preferred to be called general eisenhower. and somebody said, we will miss you, mr. president to theodore roosevelt. he said, no, howard taft is your president. i am now just colonel roosevelt. he preferred to be remembered as ehe colonel commending th regiment of volunteers. the roughriders. a wonderful opportunity for the national firearms museum to be the temporary custody and of these national treasures literally from our nation's attic. earned the medal of honor at utah beach. the second oldest son died at fort richardson, alaska in 1943. his third son received twice, both in world war i and world war ii theory be understood and first to pass, a fighter pilot shot down by the germans over france in 1918. the firearms used in the service for recreation around sagamore still wonderful examples and artifacts we can literally look at, reach back and touch the past. perhaps one of my favorite stories is of this winchester model 94. there is a silencer mounted. third son said father liked to take this gun out hunting early in t

eisenhower brought in -- >> this is a great story.roup, he metm with the secretary of state when he first came in in the solarium in the white house and he said he would like to form a small group of heavy thinkers. the george kennans of the world. there were some pentagon to star generals who respected. they had differing opinions. he said, when even a crisis, i want this group to meet her and i want them debate and argue in front of me. eisenhower never asked a question or made a comment. he did not want to influence it. he took notes. that was his method. you see other methods that relied on individuals -- the kissingers. bc others that use the cabinet. i think george h.w. bush with scowcroft as his national security adviser with james baker and dick cheney and powell, very strong cabinet that really came together as a team. whatever method you choose, first of all, have a degree of expertise that is at a level anywhere, be topped some real thinkers with a lot of experience. second of all, invite in opposition voices. hear all side

he won the biggest victory california had ever seen but he won with eisenhower but eisenhower could haven elected on any ticket but 1954 when nixon was leading the republican party the republican party lost both houses of congress, they lost 13 senate seats in 1958, 1960, he lost narrowly and it contested the election, maybe a stolen election, to jack kennedy. we know what happens, we heard what happened in chicago and in texas. 62 he came out and ran for governor and was defeated by governor pat brown. that famous press conference where he said this is it, he'd had it with the press, think of all the fun you're going to be missing, you won't have an richard nixon to kick around anymore because folks, this is my last press conference. he was finished, down and out. in 64, even though he was out of it, he is not only introduced barry goldwater at that convention that richard nixon went in and campaigned all across america for barry goldwater. but look at where he was and where the party was in 1965 when i arrived. the republicans had 140 seats in the house, 32 in the senate, outnumbered m

general eisenhower preferred to be called general eisenhower. and when one of the porters was gathering the roosevelt's baggage in may of 1909 when he hill,aving for sagamore he said, we will miss you, mr. president to theodore roosevelt. he said, no, howard taft is your president. i am now just colonel roosevelt. and that is the way he stayed for the rest of his life, preferring to be remembered as the colonel commending the regiment of volunteers. the roughriders. always colonel roosevelt to the end. a wonderful opportunity for the national firearms museum to be the temporary custodians of these national treasures literally from our nation's attic. in fact a number of firearms his six children enjoyed using -- his oldest son earned the medal of honor at utah beach. his second son kermit, major in the british expeditionary forces during world war i and the united states in world war i and world war ii, died at fort richardson, alaska in 1943. son number three, archie disabilitygiven 100% from wounds received twice, both in world war i and world

eisenhower.- mrs. eisenhower. confronted with a campaign dilemma, he tells the audience of his confidence and his running mate. >> i have worked with and have confidence in senator nexen. -- nixon. [applause] ♪ off korea a new era downs. awns. the carrier launches guided missiles for the first time. bringing the pushbutton war of tomorrow into reality. the defense department films show the first mission of the robot bombers. weapons that may eliminate the human element from air war. robot missile is catabolipulted aloft. it carries a one ton bomb load and a television. by observer flies the drone b remote control. the pilot safely out of range guides the robot directly into the target with accuracy. [explosion] a devastating surprise -- for a for a -- surprise debut deadly new weapon. ♪ vast inaccessible regions of the force --- the frozen northland, -- construction of the base in greenland was begun 18 months ago. it is ready and working. the northernmost outpost of our jet fighter defense and a

. >> who used to work for eisenhower. was a good friend. so he was helpful on the white house and. the other thing that was really quite fortunate for me was i was known to people on the hill because of work i had done on the hill, and senator hatch was very supportive of my potential nomination. and his team let it be known, senator hatch then being be chair of the committee, that if i were nominated, i would get through. and senator leahy also was very supportive. and so i was nominated with a few months. i had my hearing in june. i was confirmed in july of 1999 by a voice vote. i was the first court of appeals appointment confirmed in 1999. >> there are 1750 judges in the united states. how many of those are determined to be on the court by the members of congress, do think? >> i think the district judges are certainly largely determined by the senators. when the senators of the same party have the president. the court of appeals appointments are traditionally viewed as white house appointments. and that's why, i think

eisenhower never asked a question or made a comment. he didn't want to influence. he took notes. you see other presidents who relied on the individuals, the kissen injuries, the bring ze kissingers. you see cheney and powell and a strong cabinet that came together as a team. whatever method you choose, first of all, have a degree of expertise that is at a level that can't be topped. real thinkers with a lot of experience. second of all, invite in opposition voices. hear all sides. weigh them carefully. third, and maybe this is the most important i would make, do not try to cherry-pick the intelligence. the intelligence community, in my experience, they'll answer the question you ask. if you ask a question in a certain way, you may not get the best answer. imagine if george w. bush said to george tenet, do you think i will have the justification for this invasion, this act of war in iraq based on w.m.d.? that might be a different answer because george tenet later said we never said the threat was imminent. the inspector said there was no evidence of an ongoing program, and there w

i guess if you exclude eisenhower for seven of nine presidencies after 1932. me to you a little bit ban and back and try to tell some of this story, as much as i can do with a limited time we have available. the first words i heard from the president of the united states with the use. pecan and, was that you throwing the eggs? he had just been inaugurated, delivered his natural speech, was coming to pennsylvania avenue and his limousine was showered with debris and rocks and eggs and everything and he showed up at the white house said he was going and the viewing stand and shelley and i were walking in along these words that the secret service had put down because it was so muddy. i heard him behind at the secret service saying can you step off the board, sir. so i set up the boards and then watch the president of the united states and that's what he said. buchanan, was that you throwing the eggs? let me go back, really. that incident instantly as a metaphor for the city of richard nixon came into. he was the first president since back retailer to take over th

i guess if you exclude eisenhower seven through nine presidencies after 1932.tell you a little bit then go back and try to tell some of the story as much as i can do in the limited time we have available. the first words i heard from the president of the united states where these. buchanan was that you throwing the eggs? [laughter] he had just been inaugurated and delivered his inaugural speech was coming up pennsylvania avenue and his limousine was showered with debris and rocks and eggs and everything and he showed up at the white house and was going into the viewing stand and shelly and i were walking into the viewing stand alone these boards that the secret service had put down because it was so muddy. i heard behind me the secret service kept saying could you step off the board sir? i stepped off the boards and in walks a person of united states. that is when he said buchanan was that you throwing the eggs? [laughter] let me go back and that incident incidentally is a metaphor for the city richard nixon came in into. he was the first president since ag ret

he 82nd airborne, president eisenhower was sent in to little rock, arkansas. years after brown versus the board of education. it's not marshall's job. the supreme court's job to the law. the branches of government, the judiciary, the e executive branch. the executive branch, the law.ident executes the puts them in the force and make sure people follow them. b hour was yize forced to act. he did not want to act. was not happy about the brown decision at all. in fact, the white house press refused to comment on the brown versus the board of decision. the only one that refused to the two that refused to comment about brown versus board. the president was not happy. went on, he realized there was a great deal of resistance. rebellion in some case. had to execute the law. so he did send in the military. it was very sad. was happy that that had to happen. he had to use the military on united states soil to enforce law. when what does that mean people organize the you think they're doing something right the courts k that are supposed to be -- the say so or whatever.m

eisenhower warned us but no one listened.esident eisenhower was cautious but understood war, tim. i read about the contrasting styles of patton and ike in my new book, however, there's no question that eisenhower would have recognized a jihadist threat and would have taken strong action against it. bill, michigan, karl rove said obama's approval ratings are near record lows but you, o'reilly, didn't challenge that. president bush had much lower approval ratings. so much for the no-spin zone. nice try. it was clearly to anyone listening obama's approval ratings are near record lows for him. for him, bill. we stated that. president bush fell into the 20s after the economy collapsed for the record. roberto, houston, texas, bill, i'm surprised jorge ramos wasn't more prepared when he debated you. i thought he held his own. the unedited interview is on billoreilly.com. jeffrey, texas, i want to thank the independence fund for getting me the action track wheelchair. even though i'm a disabled vet, i can now go shopping in pretty mu

he didn't say eisenhower did this. we are going to do what eisenhower did. it was a new message. we are stuck. are these bad messages. [inaudible question] not suggesting they are bad messages but the problem's ronald reagan were dealing with are different than the problems we are dealing with today. if ronald reagan said we are using the same message that we used 40 years ago what are you doing? haven't you looked at look at america and see the different america that we d ago? of course it's very different. i got my first mortgage in 1982 for a house. anybody know what i paid in interest rates 1982 and i would i was a first-time first-time homebuyers at a discounted rate. 17.5%. mortgages were 20% mortgages. that was stagflation. you're at all sorts of problems in america and 70% tax rates. so you say cut taxes, 70% tax rate it's a big deal but when it's 38%, 38 to 34? really? such a platform? that's pretty minimalist isn't it when it went from 70 to 30. reagan had big ideas at the time. the problems that were in place when he was there so we need to learn from reagan but we don

and they thought it was an actual insult that president eisenhower appointed a woman ambassador to their country. it was an insult. and also to the diplomats themselves who worked in the embassy, they were all career diplomats. they were very resentful that none of them got the job, and they were highly qualified for it, and then this woman is going to come and be their boss. so when she went and shook hands with all of the top embassy people she just got this sense they didn't want her. but it took her all of one week to win them over, because immediately they saw she just had come so well prepared. and they one of them i interviewed, the chief of staff there, and he said that the turning point was that the first time she went to meet with the italian premier, prime minister, she came back, and after an hour and a half meeting and gave them verbatim everything that was discussed word for word. and they thought this is a bit too much she's making it up. she's a playwright, after all she's inventing -- [laughter] so they went over and got the transcripts from the italian foreign office, a

eisenhower was an incessant golfer. he really loved it. and because of him, thousands of americans took up the game. but kennedy kept that game out of public sight, even though those who knew him say he wasn't able go -- was an able golfer. he played, both as candidate and as president-elect, but photographers were barred from the course. and few outsiders knew about it. as president, he played, also, but a bad back curtail his play. >> in looking at the video, the film of the kennedy vacation on hyannisport with the kennedy compound, it seemed like a summer camp. compared to what other presidents have done on their vacations, what sort of activities did john f. kennedy do? >> "time" magazine in august, 1962, said that not since the days of theodore roosevelt had the nation witnessed what the magazine called such a hard pounding, muscle-aching round of activities. and hyannisport, which was besieged by tourists, the president, his children, his nephews, his nieces scrambled on the lawn, splashed in the water. at times, when i read about it