and that's von brown after the explorer one success with president eisenhower's eisenhower's office. go ahead to the next slide. so at this time the eisenhower's begins to understand the need to create an agency that would have oversight for space exploration. a lot of people felt that the october 4th 1957 launch of sputnik was what led the eisenhower's creating an agency, but in fact eisenhower and his administration had been contemplating that prior to the launch of sputnik. they knew that the soviets possessed the capability the technology to launch a satellite in space. they just didn't know when it was going to happen and eisenhower began to think about the merits of having an agency that oversaw the exploration of space. so in a joint address to congress, april 2nd of 1958 eisenhower's about the importance of space exploration and the need for an agency to oversee the development of our rockets and the program in general. next slide so in july of 29 1958. both the senate and the house passed the resolution creating a new federal entity. and on july 29th 1958 eisenhower's signs

so he knew exactly where eisenhower was coming from and eisenhower was his protege. hook line and sink are top to bottom. so he said by all means they went to the various universities throughout america pulled out outstanding history historians and military historians and put them to work people like martin bloominson forest poe kent roberts greenfield who turned out the 80 volume green series known as the army green books on world war two. now the only shortcomings those green books have and it's not their fault. they didn't know about it couldn't help it. they don't include anything on ultra. because it was all classified. and it wasn't let loose until around. let's see. i left the archives in '79 so sometime after that 80 81 82 because the british let loose on it. otherwise, it's probably still be classified. so those historians martin blumenson was with patton's third army. and so i knew him very well. he wrote anything you can find that he wrote in a military or history journal any book that he did is going to be a plus. kent roberts greenfield was a plus force

on whether eisenhower really wanted them assassinated. now eisenhower was concerned about castro for the same reasons. he had authorized cia to topple the elected government of guatemala in 1954. he believed that once communism was established in the western hemisphere. it would spread by soviet-supported subversion and revolution and this is what as history teaches us. this is what communist governments do did my dissertation on the revolutionary government of grenada, 1979 and 1983 and there you have the communist grenadians being helped by the communist cubans in order to spread communist revolution to other island nations in the caribbean so that example from the 80 shows that in the 1950s eisenhower was on to something he was right. this was a threat so eisenhower authorized cia to plan covert action to remove castro from power now at this point. i want to remind you of our discussions in this class about covert action as an intelligence function the purpose of us covert action is to influence political economic military conditions a

giving eisenhower his victory. in 1953 shortly after eisenhower was inaugurated. he appointed oviedo as the secretary of the newly established department of health education and welfare more better known as agw no longer existing now, it's been split up. thus she became only the second woman in us history to serve on a presidential cabinet the first being of course, francis perkins as secretary of hew she oversaw the development and the distribution of the sauk polio vaccine and she got into as much trouble as falchi over the current vaccines. it was quite a controversy. she resigned in 1955 to return to houston because of will's declining health as i say there was 27 years difference in their ages will died in 1964 and the city of houston named its municipal airport and his honor hobby airport continues to carry his name today. some of you may have passed through there at some point. oveda, and will had very close relationships not casual very close relationships with house speaker sam rayburn nelson rockefeller r

is that both eisenhower and kennedy really resented it? they really shied from calling it a race for from frankly admitting that it was a race because they felt that to to adopt that terminology was to get backed into a competition with the soviet union that we might lose. in fact that we were losing from the very beginning from the moment when the soviets sent that first satellite's sputnik into orbit around the earth in october of '57 and there was a whole series of firsts that followed that where this soviet domination of the of the heavens was was well established within the first from the first moments of the space race, so eisenhower's that if he sort of talked it down a little bit that he might take the edge off the competition because frankly eisenhower's really he wasn't invested in it literally or figuratively he wasn't emotionally invested in and he wasn't politically invested in it and he really refused as long as he could to invest federal dollars in some kind of competition with the soviet union for what purpose. he didn't re

in a way that eisenhower wanted to do. they were simple -- the canceled the space program altogether, to invest that money in other types of activities and space. with more of a military inclination. there is powerful uncertainty that nasa, and the outgoing administrator of nasa, the first administrator, a guy named keith glenn in, who is an eisenhower guy through and through, could not even get a meeting with kennedy. he recorded in his diary, and i read about this in his book, no word from the kennedy administration and began to end every single diary entry with that line. it extended all the way through inauguration day and beyond. and so, there was deep concern in nasa. no one knew which way canada who was going to go. the only clue that they thought anyone had was that kennedy asked the man who became his science adviser, a man named jerome weisman, who was a powerful sort of intellectual, and scientific figure coming out of mit with a project, he asked wise men to review during the transition, to review nasa in the s

as mail president eisenhower renamed after his grandson, camp david. that is how we know it today. >> you describe kempton for a lot of our viewers and listeners who i'm sure have never visited camp david in person. i'm probably will not visit camp david. when you paint a picture of what the camp is like? >> i will try. great partners of ours 1800 feet elevation, on the spring and summer months. a leafy canopy perfectly manicured yards, the road meanders to the camp. in these cabins we presidential walk-through all the cabins have this oak plank siding with the certain shade of green paint. all the roofs are cedar shake shingles. these very rustic, very leafy, very fresh. but at night i find it particularly surreal definitely quiet, no white except pathway light. no noise except for a squirrel in the tree no lights, no noises from below eerily quiet peaceful. inside the campus is called cedar just from the corner from aspen and the president's logic. >> how many cabins are in camp david, how big is the site? >> there are about four guest cabins preside

eisenhower, when he renamed at camp david, he named all the cabins after trees. -- eisenhower's home state of colorado, all named after trees. about 12 for entertainment. about 20 total that include the fire departments ash. the clinic, eucalyptus. the admin office, poplar. all the support facilities, the barracks for single sailors and marines, et cetera. >> let's talk about the staff at camp david. you were the commander. what is the size of the military staff at camp david? what types of jobs do they perform? >> sure. about over 200 sailors and marines, five civil officers to maintain the maintenance. we have one chaplain, a core officer, and to marine officers -- from the security company which comes out of washington, d.c.. all told, you put all the sailors and marines together, just under 200 staff. we have a white house communications agency they're called -- in charge of communications -- that's a joint command coming out of the main command, in downtown. >> can you tell us a little bit about how camp david has changed over the years? it's very rustic when fdr first comes to

the tree of eisenhower's home state, colorado, all named after trees. and, about 20 total that included the fire department, the clinic, eucalyptus, the admin office for the sport facilities, the barracks are single sailors et cetera. >> let's talk about the staff, you were the commander but what is the size of the military staff at camp david? what types of jobs do they perform? >> over 200 sailors and marines, five civil civilians or profiteers, one chaplain. one supply corps and to marine officers, the marine security office say that comes out of the barracks. all told, you put all of the sailors and marines together it is just over 200 staff. we also have a white house communications, that is in charge of communications. that is coming out of the main command in downtown d.c.. >> can you tell us a little bit about how camp david has changed over the years? it was very rustic when fdr first came to camp david. there has been some notable additions to the complex. you mentioned there is a chaplain, there is a chapel at camp david, talk a little bit ab

khrushchev, eisenhower did not apologize.flight, and he, uh, this paleon, yes, because safety many years later, nikita sergeevich khrushchev will remember these dramatic days, despite speeches. he still decides to fly to paris to meet him in on the plane he is tormented by doubts. it is necessary to put an ultimatum condition before the united states of america that they must apologize for the insults inflicted on our state upon arrival. paris, even before the start of the meetings, khrushchev puts forward an ultimatum or eisenhower to apologize or the soviet delegation leaves the conference according to rumors, eisenhower himself wanted to apologize, but the state department strictly forbade what kind of bowing to the communists in no case khrushchev could swallow another insult to the prestige of the soviet union. but if you admit that you play by their rules, they will sit down from their heads and never again cry and explain that this is how the worlds will arrange the meeting in paris ended without starting later, very m

eisenhower president eisenhower accepting the donation there in the top photo. so a lot of the a lot of the stage was set for mrs. kennedy. that's a perfect transition in elaine into a question for you you of course are the co-author of the book designing camelot which talks about the efforts of jacqueline kennedy and the restoration of the white house. can you tell us? how for our audience so everybody understands some people may know the story but others may not tell us what were some of the institutions that mrs. kennedy put in place that are that are still operational today. and also tell us why was she so interested in restoration in the white house? it wasn't necessarily just to like pretty things or make things look nice. there was a larger purpose that really supported the kennedy administration if you can tell us a little bit about that, i think that would be very illuminating for our audience. thank you colleen. i'm so happy to be here and i'm so happy to get to follow melissa because so much of what i do in starting to talk about mrs. kennedy. it's as

so for example, he was very careful about criticizing eisenhower. and the americans in general and there of course, there were things that he couldn't write about and unfortunately again, i didn't get a chance to talk about this today, but churchill was deeply involved with the intelligence that was gleaned from bletchley park the signals intelligence. and he couldn't write about that that wasn't revealed until sometimes late 1970s, i think. so the the memoirs are a bit of adjustification and and they they have very much colored the way we look at the war. he does downplay the soviet contribution to the war. i think stalingrad gets maybe a page. so and but that was the cold war coming. um, so i think it's more sense of omission than anything else that you criticize the books about. yeah. excellent. another participant asks if you can expand on your comment regarding the shabby treatment of bobber bomber command. oh what an empath that was that well of all of the major commanders in britain after the war they all got titles of some sort or another th

with general eisenhower he watches monty's crusaders storm. berlin woods, perhaps suggest you that captured out imagination most was the report of his cruising up and down the rhine. it used to be hitler's river. it's a wonderful clip i think in liberating occupied europe all of the allied forces eventually encountered the system of concentration camps and death camps for which none of them were prepared despite stories that got out of occupied europe. i don't think anyone quite imagined what they were going to run across again. i i think i spoke about this this morning there. is this ongoing controversy about whether or not the allies could have done more. i don't know that there's more i can say about that in many cases involves a lot of retrospective second guessing but liberation of camps like major camps like this one at bergen belson proved to the men who are there that they have seen hell and it is said commentary that even today there are people who question these photographs and the newsreels that we're taking at the time churchill an

he was in the mold of eisenhower at that point in my view.ost: we will hear from don in crystal lake, iowa on the republican line. caller: i am calling from northern illinois. i appreciate you joining us. this is my first time calling in. i am a solar radio astronomer and physicist and i am concerned that the republican party as it has turned into over the past few years is no longer the party of engineers and scientists and persons working forward. it seems to be a party that wants to go backwards in time. i am concerned that educated ladies like myself who are in the sciences and engineering and in space industries. are going to be pushed out by the hostility towards women, the misogyny that i am experiencing in the intellectual pursuits of engineering. i think surgeons are also getting pushed out. we feel as if the hostile, religious right has no place for science and engineering and that is an uncomfortable situation. thank you for coming on board and i appreciate your time. host: when did you start to feel this way in the republican part

eisenhower went their deliberately so he could witness first hand nazi crimes crimes. he found so hard to grasp that. he predicted what we have experienced in recent years. holocaust denial we are all profoundly indebted. to the richie boys for me it's a personal matter. but for our nation and the world it is a universal matter. of hope resilience and freedom it is now. my pleasure to read this letter from president biden it is it is my honor and this comes from the white house on his stationary. it is my honor to join the united states holocaust memorial museum in recognizing the extraordinary valor of the ritchie boys. a special military intelligence unit whose members contributed to turning the tide of history. and help save democracy and humanity during world war two. many of the richie boys were jewish refugees. escaped persecution and nazi germany and enlisted to serve in the united states armed forces to help america and our allies. win the war? many lost family members and loved ones to unspeakable horrors of the holocaust. and turned unfathomable pain into pur

was shared by wilson who said it put oxygen into his heart by hearting by nixon by trump and by eisenhower, there's a story that i said howard was so serious about golf that he asked the augusta national to remove a tall pine tree on the 17th hole because it thwarted his own long drives they refused his request but ever since the tree has been known as the eisenhower pine tree and one can see it on the augusta national course. but then there's another story about golf that my husband tells my late husband was working for john kennedy in the campaign in 18 19 in 1860 in 1960, and he they won the election. he became a young white house aide to john kennedy and not long after the inauguration. kennedy called him into the office and he said look at this --. there's a series of small indentations on the floor here of the oval office. what do you think? they are and my husband said, could it be some security devices? could it be some microphones implanted by jay edgar hoover? no kennedy grind. it's from ike's golf shoes. you see he would put them on at his desk and then he would walk outside to

pike has many wonderful qualities, general eisenhower, president eisenhower.economics was not one of them. there's a long story. his top advisor was arthur burns . he advised nixon. push the ball down the road during the reagan years. he was ambassador to germany and a very good ambassador. he and i became very friendly and he became something of a mentor of mine. arthur creed -- i had a point about lower tax rates. he opposed it -- eisenhower, nixon -- he saw them work during the reagan years. there were three recessions and this is what gave kennedy a step up in the election. he ran as a growth guy and nixon did not deal with much economic, domestic policy. i remember nixon's son-in-law, a very dear personal friend of mine, his daughter and son-in-law are very dear friends of ours. i met nixon in the middle 80's. i was out of office, back on wall street. he had his old office down at one federal plaza, whatever it was in downtown new york those days. his son-in-law would bring in various policy people before president nixon would go on foreign trips. i had a

tom: there is a photograph of dwight david eisenhower walking and it is a diplomatic eisenhower.son rockefeller attended the funeral. i believe in the middle 1970's. it was a moment my grandparents talked about in 1943 where she spoke before congress. it was a statement on the independence of taiwan. annmarie hordern joins us now, our bloomberg washington correspondent, on a minor affair that i do not think is minor. the speaker of the house, am i correct, will visit taiwan? annmarie: you are not correct that we do not have a firm confirmation that she will make the stop to taiwan but she is planning a trip to asia early august. she is making preparation to stop in japan. they will talk about security concerns. there has not been an announcement on the taiwan trip but it seems that is. the direction of travel she was supposed to go in april but she got covid. it has become a difficult moment. the president was very direct, saying the military saying it is not a good time to visit taiwan. she is being pushed to go by her republican colleagues. kevin mccarthy said we should make it

we have eisenhower and the right who will become president. but many others who you can learn about. these are the these are the american leaders, but we also have the war heroes and i call this it could be you the generals on the ground and the kind of every man soldier. and then we also have the martyrs behind the iron curtain and in very important case that highlighted the oppression of religious freedom and also got into the idea of a psychological warfare and brain manipulation drugging of people to make false confessions and then here the man the man who make iron curtains. this is the one big man the war maker mount saint whose pictured here as rather ghoulish and green workers, of course is a very important theme because workers in the in the soviet union are depicted as slaves. they don't get to the to to have the fruits of their own labor. they can't the state directs their and here is a fascinating card on african americans that is that somebody can easily write an entire paper on this and there are people who have written papers on

eisenhower. even in the ninety-seventh year.er of the expansionist policy of the alliance to expand the organization. maybe with a number of other unforeseen consequences due to the guarantees prescribed in the fifth article on the 18th nato nato alliance, first of all, military association, its expansion concerns the military alignment of forces in europe and not the creation of a club of democratic states. russia is not now feels threatened, but it will be forced to take steps to ensure its own security through deterrence against the backdrop of an aggressive policy. in the west, more and more countries are looking for alternative ways, so according to the russian ambassador to argentina on the issue of joining brix, a consensus has developed between different political forces in the republic, and others look at bx as an alternative, as a kind of lighthouse if you want, which illuminates the path to another the future is a future that is built not on dictatorship, not on arm- twisting, not on mentoring, not on ideology e is no

let me read this particular quote from eisenhower. this is back march 6, 1956. "if a political party does not have in its foundation a determination to advance a cause that is right and that is moral, that is not the equivocal party. it is merely to seize power. -- power." that is what donald trump has done. the republican party needs to itself and its original roots and be a party like it should be. host: some other breaking news this morning, the white house has sent out this statement, the ap with the story, facing pressure, the president is a spec to design an abortion access executive order -- is expected to sign an abortion access executive order. he will take action to protect abortion as the white house faces mounting pressure from fellow democrats to be more forceful on the subject as the supreme court ended the right to the procedure two weeks ago. biden will speak friday morning on protecting access to reproductive health services, the actions he is expected to outline our expected to mitigate potential penalties women seeking abortion may face after

i want low unemployment because there had been three recessions during the eisenhower years. that's a little-known factoid that it is true. and the connection to reagan some 25 years later was reagan lowered marginal tax rates also and help reignite the more abundant economy one would argue as they do quite a bit on our show that the reagan tax cuts launched almost three decades of prosperity. jfk's tax cuts launched a decades long trend. unfortunately was unwound and undermined if by lbj's great society. richard nixon gerald ford, jimmy carter none of them understood tax cuts and none of them understood the incentive effects of the economic rope effects of lower marginal tax rates and maybe we could talk about that some more. and some very smart people arthur laffer who is still around thankfully my dearest friend and mentor and robert mondale nobel prize winner and jack kemp and others brought a supply-side. they sent the kennedy tax cuts to reagan and reagan looked at them and thought about the men ran on them. it was very controversial just as it was in jfk's day and it w

and nixon ran as the status quo known as the republican party and was okay with a high tax rate eisenhower had no interest cutting the tax rate they inherited from fdr do deal kennedy said i want 5 percent growth with low employment that is a little-known fact that the connection to reagan 25 years later is that reagan lowered marginal tax rates on help to reignite a more abundant economy at the reagan tax cuts launch prosperity jfk launched decade-long but was undermined by lbj great society richard nixon gerald for jimmy carter none of them understood tax cuts or the incentives effects of the economic growth effects of lower marginal tax rates maybe we can talk about that. and arthur laffer who still around my friend and mentor and jack kemp and others brought the o supply-side, essentially the tax cuts tox reagan and he thought about them and ran on them and it was very controversial just as it was in jfk's day and reagan had two rounds of tax cuts. >> in 1961 you quote jfk to say it is a major aim of the taxx reform program to broaden the tax base to reconsider the rates. >> absolutely

eisenhower wins the next election in 1953. they pushed and pushed through their time out of office. by the time kennedy wins, it is maybe the great legacy of the roosevelt era of the new deal that had not passed. kennedy's father has a stroke while kennedy is in office. it makes him acutely aware of how difficult it is for older people to manage their health care. that becomes candidate's cause -- kennedy's cause. johnson takes all the martyred president's causes and pushes them with the kind of flare only lyndon johnson had. this might have been the most difficult to pass. he pushed and pushed. that is how this package came to be. host: he spoke about president truman. did you want to add to that on how we got to its creation? guest: even back to teddy roosevelt, the initiative for national health insurance, we have a long history in this country of people pushing for it and it being blocked. the american medical association plays a big role in blocking national health insurance along the way. there is private industry that tries to buy off the unions during this period to obstruct

there's little evidence that the white house feels much of the urgency felt by general eisenhower to enhance the role and preparedness of the person who might inherit the presidency at any moment. a historian wrote that, comparing kamala to richard nixon. yeah, just like ike and nixon, if nixon was actually known to sound like a total bobblehead. kamala's lips move and words come out, she manages to say absolutely nothing. >> when we discussed this issue and when we contemplate what it means, understand that it could have a profound impact on just about everyone in our country. dominic who has any association or interest or concern about these various issues. >> laura: see what i mean? they've been shrinking her portfolio because they don't like her personally. they are doing it because she's terrible. she's relegated to save appearances or interviews with those groundbreaking journalists at glamour, the scam, something called refinery29, that was on her portfolio today. so also ask yourself this: if democrat insider spot vice president harris was the future of the party, why would s

another very skilled politician is dwight eisenhower. he had two year bites, four of them.you have two recessions in there. and they happen just in time for the mid-term elections. the republicans take a bath in both. they lose the majority in 54 and they absolutely are killed in 58. when the economy improves, which takes awhile and joe biden may not have the luxury of time, eisenhower coasts to a re-election in 56 and the republicans come back from losing 59-49 house seats and a bunch of governors and senators in 1958 to nearly taking the presidency over retaining the presidency against a very skilled guy like jack kennedy in 60. it's an eyelash. >> neil: that's a very good point. it gets back to the economy. i remember george sr. running for re-election. he said no matter what the numbers said, we were in a recession and things were slowing down, that we were coming out of it. his supporters argued that. technically we were at the time, but not in enough time for folks to feel it. they voted him out of office. so perception is the reality, doesn't it? >> and, you know, bi