amy: we are joined now by the historian elizabeth hinton.s an associate professor of history and african american studies at yale university and a professor of law at yale law school. her new book is "america on fire: the untold history of police violence and black rebellion since the 1960's." she is also the author of "from the war on poverty to the war on crime." professor hinton, welcome to democracy now! it is great to have you with us. why don't we start off by this significant week, the first anniversary of the police murder of george floyd -- not only the story of the murder, but the story of the unprecedented rebellion that ensued for the next year. >> well, so, what we witnessed la summer was what some have called the largest mass mobilization in the united states history. let me point out that most of the protests last summer were nonviolent. it was only after police came to nonviolent protests and peaceful vigils with tear gas and riot sticks and batons that some protesters responded to that police violence with violence, which is