only a short distance away is ellis island for new immigrants from europe it became known as both an island of hope and an island of tears. europe was suffering from hunger and political and economic on the rest during the 19th century 52000000 people left the continent in many cases their home countries helped support the emigration of entire families to help alleviate poverty back home. the mass immigration required organized collection points on the european side of the atlantic many people departed from hamburg. after a devastating fire in 1902 the port city was rebuilt. the harbor was massively expanded as were the shipyards hamburg became a gateway to the world. while sailing ships used to need 2 months to cross the atlantic by the late 19th century modern steamships made the journey in just 2 weeks. a growing number of migrants were now arriving from eastern europe and the balkans to hamburg america shipping line built a camp for them on the outskirts of the city passengers had to endure a 14 day quarantine this prevented the outbreak of diseases on board the ships which could

then why shouldn't we establish an ellis island type system?t you can do it much more smartly if you do it expanding legal immigration. >> okay. >> i'm a black woman in america, right? i have not had the opportunity or fortunate to have the opportunity to benefit from generational wealth. do you believe in reparations? >> yes, i'm on the bill to set up this commission -- >> you said yes? >> i believe in this bill which is to set up the commission to figure out how we can do this. if there has to be a way to help people that have been so hurt from the discrimination of the past. it may not be individual checks. it may be that we are investing in areas that have been perpetually impoverished because of this. what this bill is, it looks at what would be the best way to work on this. and that is what i think we need to do. >> reporter: the conversation turns to klobuchar's uphill battle in the ever-tightening democratic field. >> i'm not someone that has come from a big state that's run for president before, but neither did bill clinton or jimmy ca

a lot of differences today, all sorts of tests on ellis island.ck to ellis island. the most generous nation by far. rob: here is ken cuccinelli, a judiciary would reverse the injunction impose on public charge, just playing politics and using their position to impose nationwide injunctions for policy preferences. will they let the policy stand? >> it is pretty plain, it is a public charge test for admission into the country. what dhs did was interpret the law to a rulemaking process. >> a lot of contraceptive for regulations to get into and stipulations to come and then the united states does, we are not that tough on people. i want to ask if some of the policy standards implementing free healthcare, free college education, if you blend that with the ideas that would take away the public charge stipulation would we have a border rush in this country if you made it easier to get them with free things? >> those policies make as much sense as ordering a solid burger king. they want to give everything and let everyone in. doesn't take much common sens

history and especially its history of welcoming immigrants, and really functioning as a kind of ellis island for that part of the states. how did that emerge? >> i was born in durango mexico. my father talked about someday moving to the u.s, which was a sad conversation becuase none of us, my brothers and my mother, none of us wanted to come north. we came because of the landmark immigration and nationality act signed by president lyndon b. johnson in 1965, so i remember coming to ciudad juarez, waiting for men with evergreen cards, staring at the mountains and seeing the big stars. it was the christmas season, so that's where we want to go and that's where they are forcing us to go, and looking back, we came through an el paso neighborhood which i would say millions of immigrants, especially mexican-americans, that was our ellis island in the southwest. we came through their on the way to the california central valley, but i remember my mother as a kid would never really buy bedsheets or towels or anything. she would put all her money and look forward to moving back to the border. to us, th

neighborhood which i would say millions of immigrants especially mexican-americans, that was our ellis island in the southwest and we came through there on the way to california, central valley. my mother as a kid would never really - sheets, towels or anything, she would put over money and sort of look forward to moving back to the border. to us the border at that time was like a holy land in a way, the annual pale image when we go back to el paso and always counting the days that we would make the move. as a journalist i was very much influenced and inspired by a correspondent at the la times. this notion that you can understand both sides and somehow bring both sides to the reader through journalism, even today i think i feel complete as a person reporting on both sides of the border. that is the ultimate feeling. when you know that you can crisscross and hopefully make americans understand and mexicans understand what it is to be bilingual, bicultural. >> i think as all of us in this room now, it was an eventful year on the us-mexico border, we are covering issues like family separation a

of welcoming immigrants from all over the place, and really kind of functioning as the kind of ellis island for that part of the united states. how did that come about? how did that emerge? >> i was actually born in mexico, and my father was a rosaro, and as a kid, i mean that's all my father talked about, was some day moving us to the united states, which was in many ways the saddest conversations we would have because none of us, my brothers, my mother, none of us wanted to come north. and we, we came because of a law in america immigration, the law signed by president lyndon b. johnson in '65, so i remember coming to suarez, waiting for our legal permanent green cards, and just staring at the mountains, the franklin mountains, and seeing the big star, and we came, it was the christmas season, and so it was this string of, you know, that's where we want to go, that's where they're forcing us to go, and it felt very much like, i mean in retrospect, now looking back, i mean we are came to el paso, we came through a neighborhood called queta, which i would say through millions of immigrants,

well let's go to our correspondent jim ellis island again who is in the lake region she's right there near the volcano jamila talk us through what you're seeing now and we can see the smoke and ash behind you how imminent is the threat of an eruption. well according to the government when they raise the alert level to 4 it actually means that a major hazardous eruption is to happen within hours or days that alert level 4 was announced sunday evening we left manila the capital at that very early in the morning and you know usually this is just a 2 hour drive from manila it actually took us about 5 hours to get here i'm going to step aside to show you where we are and what we're seeing this is will cain oh now on alert level 4 it sits on an island surrounded by a lake which is known to be a very popular tourist destination not just for filipinos but those coming from abroad when the when the initial eruption happened basically it happened on a sunday afternoon just when a lot of people are driving through we've seen the pictures come in just you know within hours of that initial eruptio

leaders will gather for an emergency meeting to discuss the ongoing situation of we'll go to david ellis island though for u.s. reaction later but someone at fault in is in baghdad for us but 1st let's go live to dorsetshire bari who's in tehran door so tell us about what's been happening so far today. well the funeral procession saar underway in the capital the ceremony of the prayer service over the coffin was carried out by the supreme leader ayatollah khomeini just a short while ago at tehran university the supreme leader who was visibly grieving . conducted the service alongside him was standing the country's president hassan rouhani as well as the head of parliament of the larijani and the head of iran's revolutionary guard major general salami also standing next to the supreme leader was the head of the country's judiciary you see and next to him the newly appointed head of the revolutionary guard force who was appointed by the supreme leader on friday upon the news of the assassination of major general us insulin money so the highest ranking members of the officials within iran standing

security, but they started talking about making it more difficult to pass through the porters of ellis island. who set off the bomb? why? were they ever caught? 1920 was the only year in which two amendments to the constitution of the united states took effect. the first was the 18th amendment, which made it illegal to sell, buy, or manufacture -- but, curiously enough, not to drink -- alcoholic beverages. of course, we know it as prohibition. it started on january 16 at 12:01 a.m. it ended, for all practical purposes, on january 16 at 12:02 a.m. many people made their own ersatz versions of the beverages they used to know and love so well, most commonly beer, which people called homebrew. for this reason, prohibition became the greatest do-it-yourself project in the history of this country, and it brought the family closer together than it had ever been before. a poem from the time -- "mother's in the kitchen washing out the jugs. sister's in the pantry bottling the suds. father's in the cellar mixing up the hops. johnny's on the front porch watching for the cops." [laughter] >> americans st

america historical immigration, policy, which circumstance you -- back when immigrants came through ellis islandere turned away if they were 6 o sick or cd not take care of themselves it was a public charge, if government thought you would be a welfare client could you were turned away. i am -- favor of immigration, but they have to come to work and to make a better life, not to go on welfare, capri with all due respect, worse thing you can do for new immigrant is give them food stamps and public benefits that erodes their ambitions that naturally comes from immigrants. >> turn -- >> and so does that oh erode ambitions of american. >> yes. >> yes, stt does. >-- yes.>> one at a time. >> button it up. >> last century everyone talked about -- yes, millions and millions of immigrants came here, that was before welfare, before food stamps. they came to make their own american dream in a free society that is when we is -- >> we have to leave it there. we could go on. and before we head to break, let's see what is coming up on "evening edit." >> president legal team wrapping up impeachment defense, pre

e-mails from stephen miller recently published he laments that the new immigration gallery at ellis island't have a calvin coolidge exhibit to celebrate. vdare, camp of the saints, calvin coolidge's racial impurity immigration law from the '20s, this is like white nationalism 101. literally if you were going to take a white nationalism 101 course, this would be the syllabus of white nationalist crazy you'd have to learn. and what we learned is they're also the building blocks of stephen miller's world view which he packed up from his alabama republican senator's office job and carried over to his new desk at 1600 pennsylvania avenue where he now advises the president of the united states. in normal times it would be almost incomprehensible to think that a person who has advanced these kinds of ideas could work in any white house. i mean maybe for calvin coolidge with a time machine. but in a presidency where there wasn't already an impeachment under way and multiple members of the president's campaign in prison and all the rest of it, i mean an unapologetic white nationalist working in the

we have gettysburg, promontory summit, ellis island, iwo jima, berlin, selma and dozens of other placesat serve as markers of that spirit. and we cannot draw on a history we have forgotten or worse, what we have never known at all. and the erasure of the past is no longer a hypothetical danger but a clear and present one and in that sense i hope in the land of hope can be a small but helpful contribution to much larger project of national restoration. [applause] >> there are alligators in there. thank you very much. wonderful overview of the book. it stressed fantastically what jumps out for the book itself which is a sense that our history can be a source of unity. i want to ask about that in particular. there is a way our politics is using history as a source of to describe the american story as rooted in sin and an expression of oppression and whether it is to draw out of the american story proof that the other side is betraying the american tradition. has our history been used as a source of unity or is this division in fact something new or is it always a danger inherent in the use

little less tired, and a lot less poor, if not quite as well-heeled as the visitorsho book the ellis islandpitality suite back here in ersatz new york.n. one last quest given its success, why don't more unions copy local 226? cornell's kate bronfenbrenr suspects she knows why. >> it is a lot of work to constantly engage the members, and involved members then want more say in the union. >> reporter: so, involved members are a threat to the union leadership. >> yes. >> reporter: and yet, says steve greenhouse... >> people are tid ofhe income inequality, they're tired of wage stagnation. they see wall street doing vy well, they see corporate profits at record levels. and we're seeing a ton of people unionize we're seeing adjunct pfessors, we're seeing graduate students, we're seeing nurses. whether that will be enough to turn around the decline is g other question. but there's somethally percolating now. >> reporter: and it's onhe full boi in las vegas-- fantasy land for visitors; the workplace for those who rve them. this is pbs newshoures condent paul solman. >> woodruff: tonight's "brief bu

we have so much more, we have gettysburg, submit, ellis island, iwo jima, west berlin, selma, dozens of other places that serve as markers for at the progress of the american spirit. but we cannot draw effectively on a history we move forgotten or worse have never known at all. such comprehensive ignorance, so abject erasure of the past is no longer a hypothetical danger but a clear and present one. in that sense, i hope that land of hope can be a small but helpful contribution to the much larger project of national restoration. and i thank you. [applause] >> thank you very much. wonderful over view of the book and stressed what jumps out from the book itself, sense that our history can be a source of unity. i wanted to start out by asking you about that in particular. there's a way in which our politics now is using history as a so source of division whethero describe the american story as root medicine and an expression of oppression or whether it's to draw owl of the american story proof that the other side is betraying their american tradition. has our history been used as a sour