whites were different from blacks, blacks were different from colored, they were different from endians, indians and chinese was different, it was this complicated system that pitted everybody against each other, and here nelson mandela has to come out and be a leader of all of these people, and he really went a long way down that road. he told everybody they were beautiful, it wasn't just about black pride, it was about white pride, in a country where these whites had been there for 400 years. it wasn't a signing of a constitution, you had people thinking of certain way and behaving a certain way to keep 95% of the population poor, and unable to be upwardley mobile. and he had to try to modernize this place. >> clearly those people have color understood, but when was it that other -- that white people understood that? >> the interesting thing people forget in the history of the revolution is is in the end it was a referendum, that only white people participated in, that led to the end of apartheid. that was pressure from around the world, it was sanctions. but in the end they voted the