in 1775, these men are still fighting to restore their rights as englishmen within the empire. so it's perfectly consistent to see the king as the person who is going to intercede with parliament. that parliament is the group that is oppressing and trying to enslave americans. of course, all of that changes between summer of 1775 and summer of 1776, in which americans finally when they hear that the king has refused to read a petition sent by the second continental congress, the olive branch petitioned, that he is declared them to be in rebellion, essentially taken them out of his protection, they then, encouraged by an immigrant englishmen by the name of thomas pain who writes "common sense," declare independence. this newspaper if i am is a bound volume of all of the papers in philadelphia. the pennsylvania evening post from 1776. i have turned to the page on saturday, july 6, 1776. and this is the first newspaper printing in english of the declaration of independence. so, while many viewers will, have seen the large broad-sized publish by john dunlap and other printers, it w

as american colonists begin shouting very loudly and increasingly loud about their rights as englishmen and their feeling that there is a conspiracy to inflate them underway under way in the british parliament, the whole issue of slavery of chattel slavery increasingly the contravention of these calls for liberty with the presence of slavery, particular in america -- is considered -- it existed in britain but was widespread in america -- becomes louder. so this next item is an incredibly rare and important work. this is a volume of poem published in london in 1773. a young woman named phyllis wheatley the first published african-american poet in american history. phyllis wheatley had been enslaved off the west coast of africa probbablably in gambia or senegal and brought to the new world in the 1750's at 8 years old. she eventually was sold to a family by the name of weekly in -- wheatly in massachusetts. the daughter taught her to read and write. she had a real natural talent for writing verse. and, of course, at the time, this was an extraordinary development. so much so that there we

as american colonists begin shouting very loudly and increasingly loud about their rights as englishmen and their feeling that there is a conspiracy to enslave them under way, then the british parliament -- the whole issue of slavery, of chattel slavery -- increasing the contradiction of these calls for liberty with the presence of slavery, particularly in america -- of course, it existed in britain at the time, but it was particularly widespread in america -- becomes louder and louder. this next item is an incredibly rare and important work. this is a volume of poems published in london in 1773 by a young woman named phyllis wheatley, who is the first published african-american poet in american history. phyllis wheatley had been enslaved in the west coast of africa, probably in gambia or senegal, and brought to the new world in the 1750's, as a young girl, maybe eight years old. she eventually was sold to a family by the name of wheatley in massachusetts, and the daughter in the family taught her to read and write, and she had a real natural talent for writing verse. of course, at the

a century ago in the poem by kipling, young englishmen, you could buy fine egyptian cigarettes, frenchrom manchester. now people live here. a half century of a pariah state has left very few of these buildings in good repair. there are divergent views on whether to preserve them. for many a reminder of colonial subjugation, for others, a vestige of a golden time. ♪ >>> these days in myanmar in the streets, on the docks, it's all about moving forward. in an economy ripe to explode if things continue to trend, the busy port appears even busier today as workers prepare for the oncoming holiday. hey, chef. how are you doing? >> it figures, doesn't it? >> it does. welcome to myanmar. >> philip lajaunie, owner and proprietor of my old restaurant les halles. it seems only natural you would be in burma/mynmar the same time as me. back before i wrote the book that changed my life to whatever it is i am today, i had never been to asia until this guy sent me to japan, and got me hooked on a continent. >> there we go. >> oh, nice. chicken head, yeah. >> that is the perfect food wake up. flip trave

i the answer to that question, but it seems to me obvious that the denial of their heritage as englishmen would have played a part in the demand for independence, but the framing of the new constitution will have needed something more. the lawyers would have known everything about's this -- who in 1789 and had disentangle the different medieval versions. they would have known about civil liberties in 18th-century britain. the colonists said no vote in the parliament -- had no vote in the parliament which was now sovereign. when that parliament voted to impose direct taxes upon them without representation, they could cite magna carta when they declare their independence. on the other hand, important though the appeal to ancient history is, the framers of the constitution were looking to create a new model of government. magna carta had at least three defects. it was a grant from the king rather than the work of the people. it could be overridden by a sovereign parliament. and it limited only the operation of government and not of the legislature. for the framers it was the people, not parl

fathers was not independence from britain but rather a restoration or recognition of their rights as englishmen. so early flags dating to 1774 '75, '76, nothing inconsistent about having that iconography in the canton of the flag. this is the case with a number of surviving flags. now this is an interesting flag. this is located about a 5 15-minute drive from here. the delaware historical society purchased this flag from a captain william dansy from the 33rd regiment. he was part of the philadelphia campaign, the ones that fought here brandywine and german town and to philadelphia. and on the fifth of september, 1777 reported capturing from the colonel of a delaware militia regiment all of his baggage including several colors and he sent this flag back home to england so it was very well preserved. as you can see, 13 red and white stripes and this is the next iteration after the declaration of independence from that british union in the canton. another example, this is known as the fort washington flag to collectors now it descended in the family of philadelphia, josiah harmer who in 1775 joine

generation -- george washington, thomas jefferson, james madison you name it -- they were all born englishmen, and they died americans. so how did this happen? my book on andrew jackson was about the emergence of american democracy. so jackson and by the way, jackson is 23 years old in the year that benjamin franklin dies. so one of my considerations is that i want my figures to be stepping onto the adult stage as the previous figure steps off. and this is partly because as a biographer i will be the first to confess that i don't do childhoods very well. [laughter] and i don't want to spend a lot of time on people's childhoods. maybe it's my personal taste. i have written biographies in which there are to big story -- to big story darling letters from little franklin roosevelt to his mother, and there are lots of them that i could have chosen from, but one or two make the point, and let's get on to the adult life. so i deliberately did that. theodore roosevelt is just, he's three of four years out of college when ulysses grant dies. and we get down to franklin roosevelt who dies in 1945. so i

danny willet, an englishmen. 10 under. zack johnson. speith not yet teed off. gerri. >> don't hold your breath on danny willet. big matchup with dustin johnson. super exciting day. they were delayed three hours. lots of rain. it was a good day for ducks. stuart: it was. >> they were getting an inch of rain an hour. they're right on the north sea there. the weather huge factor in this. if you tee off and weather good out there, a big part whether you can win. this is not all just the personal you know success you bring how good you are as a golfer. it is also luck. stuart: are you telling me that the weather might interrupt jordan speith on winning move today? >> he will come later today. stuart: there is rain forecast. >> there is rain forecast every day i think. isn't that the way it goes from where you're from? stuart: that's true. if you don't like the weather now because it will change this ten minutes. i want to watch the opening as it proceeds. i'm looking more at jordan speith who is sponsored by, under armour. you will see that logo all over the place,

>> as american colonists begin shouting very loudly and increasingly loud about their rights as englishmen, and their feeling that there is a conspiracy to on way in the british parliament, the whole issue of slavery chattel slavery coming recently the contradiction of these calls -- it becomes louder and louder. so this next item is an incredibly rare and important work. this is a volume of poems published in london in 1773 by a young woman named phyllis wheatley the first published african-american poet in american history. phyllis wheatley had been enslaved in the west coast of africa, probably in get get or senegal, and brought to the new world in the 1750's as a young girl of eight years old. she was eventually sold to a family by the name of wheatley in massachusetts. the daughter in the family taught her to read and write. and she had a real natural talent for writing verse. of course, at the time, this was an extraordinary development. so much so that there were those -- she began publishing pieces in the newspaper and the began to be circulated. there was actually a trial held in

i would like to read you a quotation from a fellow englishmen. and wonder if you could talk to us about what they might think about this quotation. >> war is an ugly thank to the greatest state of feeling that nothing is worth more is much worse the thing for which he is willing to fight nothing which is more important than his own personal safety than the miserable creature no chance to be free with better men than himself. >> yes. in the postwar years one of the benefits of tried to teach american foreign policy as thank god the students are blank slates and they don't know what i don't know. [laughter] angels of mercy but figure out the reaction against the first war was say pacifism neither lewis and tolkein wade into the war as warriors there was rhetoric from the minister's. not so much from the guy in the trenches but even though they came all very sobered lewis wrote around 1942 that we know from experience of the last 20 years that an angry and fearful pacifism that the is to war to reflect of that appeasement is the 30 said allows fasci