many years, could help identify, recommend techniques that would work as part of the enhanced interrogation programt how would you make the leap from that to actually carrying out, personally, some of those interrogation techniques? by the time they asked me if i would do the interrogations myself, i had received over 90 intel briefings about the impending catastrophic attacks that were in the works. there was a lot of reliable intelligence to suggest that that second wave of attacks might involve a nuclear weapon. when they asked me, i was initially reluctant to do it. why were you reluctant? because i knew that i wasn't going to be a psychologist any more. i had no illusions about that. i'm not going to practice mental health. and i had invested a lot of my time and education into developing those skills, which were useful for what i did do, but i knew i wasn't going to use them again. and one of the senior people, along withjose rodriguez, who was the chief of the counter—terrorism centre at the time, leaned over to me and said, "if you're not willing to help us, how can we ask somebody else to?

he helped draw up and carry out the cia's enhanced interrogation program after the september 11th attacks

we trace the wars in afghanistan and iraq, enhanced interrogation and torture programs as well as thet of 9/11 on the united states, mass suspicion and surveillance, islamophobia and we try to look at the full range of what 9/11 meant, both where it came from and what choices we made after 9/11, where that led us. nermeen: mohammed ali naqvi, if you could say a little more about the focus in the film, at least in the early parts, only effects of the soviet occupation, what transpired in subsequent years. one of the points the film makes is that it became very common in some countries to believe that the mujahedin actually fought the soviets and defeated them, despite the fact that 2 million civilians were killed during the soviet occupation. could you say what you think the significance of that has been? mohammed: i think it is highly significant in the sense that we got a chance to explore the narrative beyond the binary narrative of good versus evil that existed post-9/11 in the bush cheney years. as brian was saying, we got to look at how we got to this point andne of the pivotal q