after the israeli prime minister showed very clearly where the red line of uranium enrichment is but with a line beyond which it will be impossible to stop iran's pursuit of an atomic bomb because all the other parts of the project like designing a delivery vehicle or by building a device capable of initiating a nuclear explosion and that can be carried out in secret and cannot be monitored. is a state is that iran has changed its strategy. instead of stockpiling in recent uranium as before crossing the red line and forcing israel to take action now uses a different approach. if they develop their technology so that when the iranian leadership decides that the time has come to run can achieve the required enrichment level very quickly with the technology available and to iran today unless all in reached uranium is removed from iran and unless the enrichment process is stopped including even three point five percent enrichment all the iranian proposals including the latest ones mean nothing iran will still have a way once the political decision has been made to get weapon grade enrich

they didn't say they have suspended their right to enrichment, they have suspended their enrichment. so we do not believe there is an inhearnt right by anyone to enrichment. >> so why isn't that then -- ok, no one has an inherent right to enrichment, although you outlined the case which by your own admission they don't resemble iran at all. my question is this -- again, understand that they don't have a right to it in our position, but why isn't that our starting point? why don't we make it very clear? the president of iran has made it very clear that, in his opinion, enrichment is nonnegotiateable. why doesn't president say, as he has said on other issues that he will not negotiate until a certain condition is met? lay down those markers on some domestic disputes we're having now, so why doesn't he simply say there is no negotiation until you give up your enrichment and your reprocessment capability? because of the kind of country you are. >> it's very interesting, senator. i think it was today or yesterday that president rouhani actually qualified his own statement. he said we will

the levels of enrichment.n's deputy foreign minister has made it clear that they are allowed to enrich uranium by international law and international treaties. it's a question of the level of enrichment. you need to enrich uranium to use it in a civilian nuclear power plant, about 20% inning rich for him that. but then it's only a few steps to get to 90% enrichment, that's reps grade uranium. that's what the world doesn't want iran to have. so these are the technical details that will be discussed in the comes hours. >> james bays in geneva, thank you, james. >>> much more to come in the next 15, 20 minutes, including displaced within their own country rewe take a look at the plate of some of an began stan's poorest people, stay with us. on inside story, we bring together unexpected voices closest to the story, invite hard-hitting debate and desenting views and always explore issues relevant to you. [[voiceover]] every day, events sweep across our country. and with them, a storm of views. how can you fully und

i say if they continue enriching, they are piling up enriched uraniums as negotiations proceed.nctions. no partial deals, no enrichment. they say they want it for medical isotopes. dozens of countries, probably the number is more than dozens. they have medical isotopes. you can buy the stuff. you can get it. big countries have a civilian nuclear energy program again without these elements that can produce nuclear weapons. ayatollah khomeini wants nuclear weapons. he wrote the book on nuclear strategy. negotiations and nuclear strategy. he says -- i have to read this to you. he was the chief nuclear negotiator between 2003 and 2005. at that time iran was able to hoodwink the west and build the critical facility that separates. uranium yellow cake, ore and converts it. he said while we were talking to the europeans in tehran, negotiating, we were installing the equipment in the nuclear conversion plant. by creating the calm environment, calm international environment, we were able to complete the work. that's what he says. he says basically, i fooled you once. i will fool you twic

they offered to discuss uranium enrichment at the talks. the u.s., u.k., france, russia, and china want to cap how much enriched uranium can be used to make nuclear weapons. >> what matters is the end result which may address the international community's concerns about the purely peaceful nature about the iranian nuclear program. they have to reach a decision where they have verifiably proven that there is no nuclear military program. >> discussions are being held in english. the u.s. says it would welcome a bilateral meeting on the sidelines of the geneva gathering. >> an alleged figure captured in libya is due to face a judge. implicated over the 1998 bombings of the u.s. embassies in kenya and tanzania. and our international affairs editor. can you tell us a bit more. >> he was accused of helping to plan those bombings and carrying out surveillance around the buildings. they were a problem, those bombings working at those embassies. this was the event that really brought al qaeda to the attention of the american public. it was in guided

enrichment is something that iran says that it has a right to. it says it should be able to pursue its own civilian nuclear power system and should be able to enrich its own uranium for that. the problem is that if you enrich rainium to, say, 20%, it's for civilian use. it's simple steps to get to 90% enrichment, and that is military grade uranium, which is what they don't want iran to have. that's what they are talking about, ways iran can prove that it is for civilian use, they are not secretly trying to build a bomb. >> one of the three major credit agencies warned the u.s. that their lating could go down. while the deadlook goes on, ordinary americans pay the price. >> this is how harold carol passes the time - playing cards, having spirited conversations with friends, in this park not far from capitol hill. for him, he says these days that seems like a world away. this is his world. >> i got a daughter. show feeds me. i go buy there. >> his social security check - barely enough to pay rent, medical bills and food. now it's possible he won't

there have been brief suspensions in iran's enrichment activity. there has been talk of limiting how much it enriches uranium and about moving some of the sensitive material out of the country. these have all broken down. insists it is its right to have a nuclear power program. what with sanctions taking an increasing toll on the iranian economy, the new leader signaled he wants to resolve the crisis in the coming months. whether a deal can be agreed will depend on the exact details put on the table and whether or not both sides can compromise and trust the other. well, to look at the potentials and the pitfalls with me in the studio is the iranian writer and journalist. thank you so much for being with us. first, let's go over to our tehran correspondent in geneva at the talks. what can we expect, james, realistically out of this first face to face? testing each other, essentially, the next two days. this congregation of negotiators have not met before, so essentially they are trying to work at who is on the other side and can they take each other

to enrich it to about 90%. having fuel fuel cycle capability, virtually means that a country that possesses this capability is able to produce nuclear weapons." precisely. this is why iran's nuclear weapons program must be fully and verifiably dismantled. and this is why the pressure on iran must continue. so here's what the international community must do. first, keep up the sanctions. if iran advances its nuclear weapons program during negotiations, strengthen the sanctions. second, don't agree to a partial deal. a partial deal would lift international sanctions that have taken years to put in place in exchange for cosmetic concessions that will take only weeks for iran to reverse. third, lift the sanctions only when iran fully dismantles its its nuclear weapons program. my friends, the international community has iran on the ropes. if you want to knock out iran's nuclear weapons program peacefully, don't let up the pressure. keep it up. we all want to give diplomacy with iran a chance to succeed. but when it

first, cease all uranium enrichment.econd, remove from iran east easter -- iran's territory, the stockpile for nuclear weapons. and remove the underground facility and the advanced centrifuges. and four, stop all work at the heavy water reactor in iraq. these steps would put an end to iran's nuclear weapons program, and eliminate it's breakout capability. there are those who would read illy agree to leave iran with a residual capability to enriched uranium. i would advise them to pay close attention to what rouhani said in a speech to iran's superpeople

they now have advanced centrifuges to produce enriched uranium. they're building a plant that can produce plutonium so the sort of measures that iran has talked about in the past and what seem to be on the table here may no longer be sufficient to contain the program even in the short term. and one american goal has been to freeze the program while talks proceed. even that wasn't achieved at this talk, although they're planning, as you know, to meet again in just three weeks. >> suarez: from the very beginning of this confrontation iran has insisted it is not seeking the means to make a nuclear weapon. that it is enriching radioactive materials in order to have electric power plants and medical uses. the rest of the world has been saying "if you need those things, we'll get them for you and don't want you to enrich. has iran explained why it must retain the ability to enrich to the levels that you've been talking about? >> well, iranian officials say they have invested so much in these facilities they can't just write off that investment. sometime

they didn't go for high enrichment. instead they built a lot of piles of rich union annual but added centrifuge to high enrichment just like that. we've been working today the united states and israel and other countries have put place very forceful sanctions saying if you continue in this path those sanctions will collapse your economy. and there's been a credible military option by the u.s. perhaps by israel even if the sanctions don't work, there will be ways to take out your program. the combination of strong military sanctions and a credible military threat has produced -- >> rose: economic sanctions and a military -- >> correct. this has produced, remember iran is governed not by ahmadinejad or rouhani or the presidents who came before them but the person they call aptly by the way in this case, the supreme leader. that's ayatollah khomeini. he said do heart things with hard works. he got to where he is but he also got the sanctions. when he says do hard things with soft works that way we can go over the line or v

alone, iran enriched three tons of uranium 23.5%, double its stockpile of 20% enriched uranium and added thousands of new centrifuges including advanced centrifuges. on the continued work heavywater reactor in iraq, that's an order to have another route to the bomb, a plutonium path. election,ouhani's this vast and fever's effort -- this vast and feverish effort has continued unabated. , undergroundactors nuclear facilities, advanced , it is not, icbms that it is hard to find evidence that iran has a nuclear program, nuclear weapons program. it is hard to find evidence that iran doesn't have a nuclear weapons program. year when i spoke here at the u n, i drew a red line. now it ron has been very careful not to cross that line, but iran is positioning itself to race across that line in the future at a time of its choosing. iran wants to be in a position to rush forward to build nuclear bombs before the international community can detect it and much less prevented. yet iran faces one date problem -- faces one big problem, and that problem is summed up in one word, sanctions. i have worked

a country that can enrich uranium to about 3.5% will also have the capability to enrich it to 90%. having fuel cycle capability virtually means that a country that possesses this capability is able to produce nuclear weapons. precisely. this is why iran's nuclear weapons program must be fully and verifiabley dismantled and why the pressureoff on iran must be continued. here is what the international community must do. first, keep up the sanctions. if iran advances its nuclear weapons program during negotiations, strengthen the sanctions. second, don't agree to a partial deal. a partial deal would lift international sanctions that have taken years to put in place in exchange for cot mekt concessions that will take only weeks for iran to reverse. third, lift the sanctions only when iran fully dismantles its nuclear weapons program. my friends, the international community has iran on the ropes. if you want to knock out iran's nuclear weapons program peacefully, don't let up the pressure. keep it up of we all want to give diplomacy with iran a chance to succeed. when it comes to iran,

netanyahu's position has been to satisfy israel no enrichment and halt all enrichment and move all out of the country. that is one of his tenets. the right to enrich some level is a nonnegotiable right of iran, and they acknowledge that in a give and take there's got to be some accommodation on that. where is the line that would be enough to satisfy israel that whatever program iran has is under real i.a.e.a. supervision, so it cannot be converted to military use quickly. >> not just between the two of them, prime minister netanyahu has additional leverage in the form of congress. >> warner: he certainly does. tonight's meeting shows he's not afraid to use that leverage. he ran on the promise of moderating the tone with the u.s. and negotiating over the program. the house passed 400 to 20 a bill to further toughen economic sanctions on iran as long as the program continued. and teheran reacted incredibly angrily. 46 senators signed an open letter to president obama saying the same thing. as long as work continues we should keep toughening the sanctions. i'm told there is a bill that th

the enrichment itself is nonnegotiable. the extent and level of enrichment is negotiable. for various reasons, we will not agree to ship even one gram of uranium outside of iran. >> his comments come before talks in geneva where iranians will get around the table with representatives from the u.s., u.k., france, germany, china, and russia, in a bid to ease the crippling sanctions placed on the country in recent years. western powers are concerned that iran has surplus stocks of uranium enriched 20%. a swift and simple process would take that up to weapons grade uranium, which could be used to make a nuclear warhead. the p5 plus one countries look to cut production in the 12,000 centrifuges currently enriching uranium. secretary of state john kerry said the window of diplomacy was cracking open. the talks are the first since president rouhani this year, seen as a moderate, many believe he will be able to secure a deal with the west after 10 years of stalled negotiations. quick so far, the talks have brought no results because iran's policy has been offensive and aggressive.

uranium. >> the act of enrichment and continuing it will be our red line. on no condition will we let this right of iran be suspended reduced, or stopped. on matters of dimensions, we do not have problems with negotiation. >> negotiation, something western powers have been pushing tehran to do for years. the country has seen round and round up the crippling sanctions from the west which fears iran is trying for the glial weapon. but president hassan rouhani struck a more open tone at the general assembly last month. he hopes the new willingness to discuss the enrichment program may see sanctions eased leaving western diplomat -- to see concrete and verifiable measures from the iranians. >> we have come here with a sense of cautious optimism and a great sense of determination, because we believe it is really time now for tangible results. >> air ran -- iran's a longtime adversary israel does not remain convinced they have good intentions. >> it will be a historic mistake to let the pressure now, just before the sanctions reach their goal. right now we must n

no enrichment of uranium above 5%. the other would be some reduction of the iranian stockpile of low enriched ramin -- uranium, either by shipping it out of the country or converting it to a form that is not readily usable to make him- creating material. want to reduce the stock fell -- stockpile so iran would not have a him's were the material on hand if they decided to cheat. i should also say iran does not have any justification for having more low enriched uranium than that, since they only have one civilian nuclear our plan and they do not need any feel for that because they get it from russia. if they say they need to have a domestic supply, they do not need a bomb's were the material for that. i think that would be another component. there would be to be limitations on the number of centrifuges. david albright at inproliferation, an expert town, one of the most careful observers of the running program, has suggested an upper limit of 10,000 first-generation iranian centrifuges. if they insist on installing more

it is enriched uranium have full and open access to u.n inspectors. the u.n security council has said stop enriching the uranium. they are ignoring that. is it acceptable for iran to continue to enrich uranium even at 5%? >> absolutely not. eric, i want to make a point. this is not an issue for israel. it is an issue for the world. they reached london, rome and madrid and just imagine if we wake up tomorrow with a nuclear test successfully achieved in tehran, it means we are in a whole new dark and dangerous world. vut most dangerous raw -- you have the most dangerous regime in the world coupled with the most lethal weapon. it is not an issue for israel. it is a problem for the world. to your question, no, the iranians are building a powerful machine that can develop a nuclear weapon. we have to dismantle the machine which are the uranium enrichment centrifuges and the heavy water system. >> what if they say no -- >> we have to dismantle the machine. >> if they don't do that what does the world do? >> first of all, the most important thing is to holdu

this question of 20% enrichment as a concession that iran might made is an utter red herring. it's flatly wrong as a matter of physics. it's a complete misrepresentation of having any uranium enrichment capability can give in a short period of time. nuclear physicists don't believe in the concept of medium enriched uranium which is a term journalists use all the time. a complete red herring based on bad physics, bad policy, bad litigation. >> this will be headed by wendy sherm sherman. she's been an official for a long time back in the '9s, '97 to 2001, she was the special adviser to president clinton on policy and coordination on north korea. oops, remember that deal with north korea and their nuclear program in exchange for oil and food? what can she do now differently with tehran that did not work with peyoung yang? >> maybe lurj from the mistakes that the clinton administration made back then. i remember when the bush administration was coming in, we learned in secret, the clinton administration had offered north korea to launch satellites for it if north korea would give

rue cranium, will iran stop 20% enrichment and will it shift out of the country the 20% enriched uraniumhat it already had? it is quite possible that iran will announce that it will no longer enrich 20%. whether it will ship out the roughly 185-kilograms of 20% it has now is an open question. the deputy foreign minister told the press that iran will not do that, but we will see what happens in the negotiations. in addition, at the point where iran is now with its advanced centrifuges it could very quickly take 3.5, to 5% uranium of which it has some seven to 8,000-kilograms and enresearch that to 90%, jumping around the 20% barrier. and that's another great concern. >> what's your -- i hate to ask you for a prediction here, but a outlook the forecast, do you think significant progress will be made over these two days of meetings? do you believe it will get some kind of a frame work to move forward. >> i believe that iran will take significant steps forward. but i also believe if it doesn't convince many actors that are watching it that it will really move back from the brink, and it's be

not only are they enriching. they have another route to the bomb they're developing under rouhani, by the way. they want two paths to the bomb. they want to keep it in exchange for the smiles and double-talk they have here. no way. >> schieffer: you said and reiterated it during this visit, if you have to stand alone, israel will stand alone. could israel destroy iran's nuclear capability if you had to? >> well, you know, i will say i's veal a state secret by tell you the american military is bigger and stronger than israel's. but i wouldn't short israel's capacities. >> schieffer: i think you have pretty well explained what iran would have to do if they were going to demonstrate they were really serious. but what would be the first step? >> the first step is i'll say no first steps. full program. just way with syria. you didn't go and say to assad, "well, you know,--" i don't-- "sends me some fancy speaking com diplomat do the u.n. and say nice things and tweet in new york." you wouldn't say that. i mean, you'd

they do not enrich. >> yes. >> why do you need the capacity to enrich when most countries that use civilianuclear energy don't. >> we did not have any intention of enriching. we owned 20% of an enrichment company in france called -- unfortunately we were not able to even get a grant of enriched uranium from them. they have pushed iran into a situation where iran had to rely on itself. now they cannot come back and try to rewrite history. iran has had to do this not out of its own choice, but out of necessity. iran is a proud nation. we believe we have the technological capability, we have the human resources, in order to stand on our own feet. and once the international community or those have the capacity deprive us of that, we would rely on ourselves. >> why did you build underground facilities. no, you see again, according to the agreement we had with the iaea, now the international mechanisms for monitoring have changed, improved in fact, but at that time, you were supposed to inform the iaea 180 days before you introduced uranium to that facility. the facility we had, when we showed it

this enrichment program is way too big for the domestic needs.nk there is anyone that would challenge that. and, of course, iran has reasons to be suspicious of the u.s., to think that we are about regime change, sure, we talk about nuclear now, later it's something else, whatever. it's always going to be sanctions, it's just a game, we are just going after them and there are reasons, you know, why they would think that. i don't think it's true, but i don't blame them for thinking that. but your points is about the 20%. i think there is ideal to be had here. you know, in my discussion with his the president, with the foreign minister, and with others, i think iran -- following shireen's excellent point, iran realize fist it sort of makes a dash for the bomb, number one, it will be discovered. because there are iaea inspectors there every week. so if they do it, we'll find out. if they do it, and this is what they said to me, if they go down that path, they know that other folks in the region that hate them. the saudis hate them. others hate them

but, first, zero enrichment. second, zero sockpile of low-enriched uranium. third, the complete closure and dismantling of the fordo enrichment facility near the iranian holy city as well as the dismantling of advanced so-called irmm centrifuges and last, the dismantling of the arak plutonium reactor. in my view, this type of position if it were actually adopted by the negotiators from the p5+1 would lead to a diplomatic train wreck. so i think that the israeli leadership sees their role in this as kind of a bad cop, and i don't know whether, actually, they would be willing to stomach an agreement along the lines that i have mentioned earlier, the kind of good if not perfect deal that i described. my concern is less about, you know, whether the israelis themselves will play spoiler and more that if the markers that netanyahu has put down at the general assembly speech and some others, if those are picked up by a majority in congress as the litmus test or the metric against which to judge any agreement that comes out of geneva or the talks out of yes thee v.a.

iran's right to enrichment program. our rights to enrich is off the table. >> but you do not need to enrich it above 20%. >> we do not need military grade uranium that is a certainty and we will not move in that direction. >> negotiators from the u.s. and five other powers are set to meet with in october. secretary of state j.k. will address the issue again when he goes before the u.n. general assembly tomorrow. >> margaret, this was a meeting that a lot of officials were waiting for. >> what struck me judy was even though prime minister he said of course, israel is going to insist that iran not acquire nuclear weapons capability but president obama and i are in agreement on that. the one sort of discordant note if you read between the lines or looked at one line had to do with sanctions. he said not only should sanctions not be lifted during the negotiating phase as long as iran was still producing, running its program but in fact should be further toughened and there is move on the hill to do that, that is not what th

program. >> the enrichment itself cannot be compromised. it's for a right of iran and for the iranian people to have an enrichment program, but the level of it, the scope of it is something that we can negotiate. >> the deputy foreign minister spoke to nhk before wednesday's meeting in geneva. he said the proposal the iranians presented a day earlier spells out a step-by-step approach for each side. he called it realistic and well balanced. he argued a breakthrough is possible if the six powers take it seriously. western negotiators include eu foreign policy chief katherine ashton and envoys from the u.s., britain, france, russia, china, and germany. they praised the iranian proposal, but no details have been released. the western powers believe iranian scientists are getting closer to enriching uranium to weapons grade. leaders in tehran said their nuclear program is for peaceful purposes, and they want u.s.-led economic sanctions eased. the british foreign secretary william hailing hague has welcomed dip the maic efforts. he spoke to repo

does iran have a right to enrich plutonium, to enrich uranium are reprocessed plutonium?>> so, the presidents of full comment on the quote that you gave is, i have made clear we respect the right of the iranian people to access peaceful nuclear energy in the context of iran's meeting its obligations. so the test will be meaningful, transparent and verifiable action which can also bring relief from the conference of international sanctions that are currently in place. so the president has circumscribed what he means by the iranian people having access, and that word was national security advisor rice said, very carefully chosen access, not rights but access to nuclear energy in the context of meeting its obligation. >> is it our position that iran has the right of access to uranium or plutonium for peaceful purposes, but they don't have a right to enrich it are reprocessed themselves? is that -- >> it has always been the u.s. position, and i said to mike iranian interlocutors anytime that article iv of the nuclear nonproliferation treaty does not speak about the rights of

because of the expansion of the program and of the enrichment five percent as well, with those going on in parallel iran has a lot of material and it could, if they chose to, weapon eyes. >> we have been talking a great deal this morning about one of the details to emerge from these repose goals, the proposal that they arrived there with yesterday. what is the likelihood of an actual deal being struck around this idea or possibility e >> at the moment they can go to declared site to call the shots saying that they have declared everything up to that door that passageway and you cannot go beyond. my understanding is that for the inspectors to be in the drivers seat on the spur of the moment going beyond the door or passageway, the uranian's would have to sign -- that is right they would have to ratify what is called the additional protocol of the nonproliferation treaty, the key thing that is inspectors access. iran has signed that additional protocol, but they have never ratified it. it is a bargaining chip. the question is -- what would they want in return for that much transparency