we go from eritrea, to ethiopia, to europe. been a star of stage and screen for more than 50 years. she was violet crawley on downton abbey. dame maggie smith. her latest role is "the lady in the van". our will gompertz has been speaking with her. maggie smith as mrs. sheppard, the eccentric old lady in camden who parked her van and stay there for 15 years. >> i have got other fish to fry. people i have known have ever seen her. will: she is dead. she is been dead a long time. nearly everyone i meet has come across her. >> i don't mind. dame smith: to this day they keep coming out with different things about her. he said she did not really impinge. >> where is it? where is it? will: would you have done the same? dame smith: i would not have been able to cope. will: she would have impinged? dame smith: she would definitely have impinged. >> are you calling me a liar? i know of both constrictor when i see one. will: have you seen roles come and go you wish you had done question arc -- you had done? dame smith: i don't think so. n

in 2007 he fled military service and torture in eritrea.things would get better when we got to israel, but he was detained there, and then deported to rwanda and told he could rebuild his life. but on arrival he says things got worse. >> translator: the rwandans took our papers. we were locked in a hotel for days. we were told we would only leave if we paid to be taken to uganda. >> reporter: he is one of several men here who toll us similar stories. rights groups say about 1500 african asylum seekers have been deported from israel to east africa in this way. they are mostly from eritrea and sudan where they fled persecution. many of them worked in israel before being detained and then deported by air. activists say the eritreas to rwanda, and sudanese to uganda. but most end up here in the uganda capitol. all of the people we have spoken to say they are dropped off in this part of the city, and they say they are told that's because there are a number of eritrean exiles living around here. but without papers they are at risk of being arrest

in 2007, he fled military service and torture in eritrea. he hoped things would get better in israel, but last year he was detained, then deported to rwanda. on arrival, he said things got worse. >> the rwandans took our papers. we were locked in a hotel. we were told we could only leave if we could pay to be taken to rwanda. >> he's one of several mean here in you gab da's capital who have told us similar stories. rights groups say 1500 asylum seekers have been deported from deal in this way. they are mostly from eritrea and sudan fleeing persecution. they traveled overland to israel. many worked there before being detained and supported by air. activists say they send them to uganda and rwanda. most end up here, saying they are brought here from rwanda within disof arrival. all of dropped in this part of the city. they say they are told that because there are a number of eritrean exiles living here. without papers, they're illegal, at risk of being arrested and they can't work, so the rights groups say from here, most begin the long and tr

they are encouraging them to get them to certain countries, like eritrea. it will be one of the countries who benefits from the development funds coming from the european union. genie: this emergency summit between eu and african leaders has wrapped up, but there is another summit just between the eu leaders this afternoon. tell us a bit more about that. eve: it is the sixth summit among european leaders on migration this year. they want to look at what action has been taken on decisions already made by european leaders, this relocation of the 160,000 people. so far, less than 200 people have been moved from italy and greece to other countries. also, the 3 billion set aside promised to turkey, how much money is ready to be handed over? turkey, incidentally, will be hosting the g 20 summit on sunday, bringing the richest countries from across the world together and migration is officially on the agenda there. the european union will be hoping to get the problem push -- hoping to push to get the problem recognized as global. recent movements on the borders of

in 2007 he fled military service and torture in eritrea.e hoped things would get better in israel, but he was detained and then transported to rwanda and told he could rebuild his life. but on arrival things got worse. >> the rwandans took our papers. we were locked in a hotel for days. we could only leave if we paid to be taken to uganda. >> he's one of several men here who told us similar stories. rights groups say about 1500 african refugees they traveled over land through egypt to israel. many worked there before being detained and then deported by air. activists say that the eritrean to rwanda. many say they're brought here from rwanda days on of arrival. >> there are a number of eritr eritrean exiles here, but without papers they can't work. the rights groups say here is where they begin the treacherous journey north heading to the mediterranean sea which they hope to cross to find safety in europe. >> in 2012 oh there were protests against the influx of asylum seekers. thousands have been taken to this detention center. israeli offic

worse they say it could mean that european countries providing money to countries like eritrea or sudan with terrible human rights records to keep people in. >> what is happening in the margins? these bilateral agreements in secret with no procedural or human rights safeguards, some of the safeguards with whom they're negotiating have dire human rights records themselves. the fact those meetings are taking place is a matter of deep concern. >> of course, since the summit was even called the other my gas station route through greece and the balkans became the dominant one. even moderate slovenia has begun rolling out the barked wire to control refugees and migrants. europe mostly sees people on both routes as increasingly unwelcomed. >> yes, answer suggestions being put forward by europe, but south africsome african countries are not happy with those ideas. >> yes, in the opening speeches it was pretty clear that many african leaders regard what europe is trying to do as pretty cynical. there is a number of different levels to it really. on one level many, including the president said mi

. >> human rights groups say that it may mean european countries providing money to places like eritrea or sudan, with terrible human rights records, to keep people in. >> what is happening some of these bilateral agreements completely in secret. some of the countries with whom they're negotiating have no adequate asylum systems. the fact that those negotiations are taking place completely in silence and behind closed doors is a matter of deep concern. >> of course, since the summit was even called the other migration route became the predominant one this year and reinforce the sense of europe shutting down even moderate slovenia has gun rolling out the barbed wire to control refugees and migrants. >> more than half a million people have made the treacherous sea voyage from turkey to the greek islands this year. hundreds have died, but the survivors are living in hope of a better future. we have this report from lesbos island. >> these days if seems that they have both all the time in the world and no time to spare. with souls as tattered as their clothes are afraid they wait on a burea

human rights groups say eritrea could receive european money for repatriating people in secret deals. more broadly what african countries want is a redrawing of the economic relationship with europe, climate change, the drought in ethiopia, corporate tax avoidance worth $50 billiont corporations over running the african agricultural sector and driving african farming into the ground. these are things they wanted to talk about, because these things drive migration. none of this was on the table for the europeans at all. in the end if europe wants a new relationship to make africa a more viable place for people to live, it's going to have to address these things. the money they're putting forward, $20 billion a year in aid self evidently is not stopping people from feeling that they have to leave to try to find a better life somewhere else. >> thank you. >> many of those who do succeed in making the dangerous crossing to your faces an uncertain future. >> these days, it teams they have all the time in the world and no time to spare. with tattered clothes, at camp where the wait to be re

only eritrea, egypt and saudi arabia rank worst. ethiopia has one of the fastest economies in the world, growing on average 10% a year each decade and for the purpose investment is flooding in. >> this is the easily opened light railway. it cost $475 million to build with the help of a chinese loan. it helps to highlight the rapid pace of development here in ethiopia. the government categorically denies accusations from critics here and abroad to spree dom of speech are sidelined for the sake of economic development. >> the government said it is determined to beat poverty. ethiopia remains one of the poorest countries in the world. its military and vast security operators have managed to protect the country from al shabab fighters from somalia. it says the media are free to criticized but there are limits including inciting political criticism and riots. but it admits mistakes. >> there might be errors, but we don't have that kind of, you know, procedures of interrogation. it has been among other principals. >> will the government a

between countries and dodgy african countries with terrible human rights records, countries like eritrea. they say the idea that the european union might provide funding to these countries to keep them in, and stop them legitimately claiming asylum really undermines the european union's stated values are being a protector of human rights, so it's controversial in that way. >> you've been talking about the african countries, but what are they going to get out of this meeting held in malta? >> the options clearly for them is money, because that's what the e.u. is offering, is ways of giving them money to vesicalment, there's talk of entrepreneurship. there is discussion about remittances, africans who already live in europe being better able to serve money back. they're talking about things like more university places, wealthier, better educated africans can come to study in a more managed way of migration and coming back to help. the main issue is stopping people from get to go europe in the first place. >> lawrence, thank you very much for that update. >> afghanistan's president ashraf g

. >> a small gathering of refugees from eritrea, protesting against being housed in an underground bunker and against switzerland , wanting to deport them to italy under the rules of the dublin regulation. it's there where they were first registered in the eu after making the perilous journey from eastern africa. germam magos: one of our friends was told he was being sent back to italy. he tried to hang himself, but luckily someone found him in time. he's in a clinic. abraham ksawet: refugees in italy live on the streets. they have no accommodation, and nobody taking care of them. >> people risking their lives, crossing the mediterranean to reach the safe haven of europe. officially, refugees are registered at their point of arrival in the eu, such as here in italy, before having their applications for asylum processed. in practice, however, those countries on the eu's exterior border have found themselves overwhelmed by the sheer number of people, who then often face squalid conditions. most immediately head north, primarily to germany. but some travel to switzerland, like these four you

worse, human rights groups say it could mean european countries providing money to countries like eritrea and sudan with terrible human rights records to keep people in. >> some of these bilateral agreements completely in secret, some of the countries with whom they're negotiating have no adequate asylum systems, have dire human rights violations themselves. completely in silence and behind closed doors is a matter obviously of deep concern. >> since the migration summit was called, the route between the balkans, even moderate slovenia has begun to roll out the razor wire. europe sees pete people on both routes as increasingly unwelcome. >> as you have heard from lawrence lee, slovenia has started to put up a barrier to make it harder for refugees to get in. an estimated 180,000 people flowed through slovenia alone. >> one of the locations is this place along you the river, refugees crossed the ice cold water last month to get to slovenia. slovenian authorities called it a technical border, not a bashed bshed wirbarbed wire fence. instead of barbs, it has rairses. razors. 20 to 30 thousan

human rights groups say it could mean european countries dividing money to countries like eritrea or sudan with terrible human reports to keep people in. >> what is happening in the margin. some of these bilateral agreements with no procedural or human rights safeguards. some of the countries with whom they're negotiating have very dire human rights records. so the fact that those negotiations are taking place completely in silence and behind closed doors is a matter of deep concern. >> of course, since the summit was even called the other my gas station route threw greece and the balkans became the dominant won. even slovenia has begun rolling out the bashed wire. europe mostly sees people on both roots as increasingly unwelcomed. >> so europe making plenty of suggestions at that similar mitt in malta, but some are not entirely un' with those ideas that are being put forward? >> no, indeed. there is a great deal of si cincinnatof cynicism. they have stated was a sweetener, even europe does not think it's very much money. some of the remarks tonight, speaking of sol anyism and these

only eritrea, and saudi arabia rank worse. ethiopia has a fast growing economy in the world, and has grown by more that 10% a year over the last decade. and foreign investment is flooding in. >> this is the recently opened light rail which, costing 475 million to build, with the help of a loan. it's projects like these that help to highlight the rapid base of development. the government denies accusations, but ideas of change and freedom of speech are sidelined for the sake of economic development. >> the government is determined to beat poverty, with a per capita g.d.p. ethiopia is one of the poorsest countries in the world. the military managed to protect the country from attacks. the government says there had has to be stability if it is to apiece the goal in the next 10 years. the media is tree to grid size. including inciting political hatred and riots. it admits mistakes. >> overnight, we are a learning process. we might be here. because of maturity. and beyond that, but we don't have that kind of approach or procedure o

for the protection of journalists, ethiopia is the fourth most sensitive country in the world, only eritrea, egypt and saudi arabia rank worst. ethiopia has grown 10% a year over the last decade and foreign investment i guess flooding in. >> this is the recently opened light railway. it costs $475 million to build with the help of a chinese loan and it's projects like these that help to highlight the rapid pace of development here in ethiopia. the government categorically denies accusations from its critics here and abroad to ideas of democratic change and freedom of speech are being sidelined for the sake of economic development. >> the government is determined to beat poverty, but ethiopia remains one of the poorest countries in the world. its military and vast security have protected the country from al shabab from neighboring somalia. the government said there has to be stability to transform ethiopia into a middle income count rip in the next 10 years. it says the media are free to criticize, but there are limits, including what it describes as inciting political hatred or riots, but i

it appears to be one of the highest death tolls in years for people from sudan, eritrea and other eastafrican countries who cross the sinai peninsula, looking for asylum in israel. israeli troops have killed at least two palestinians and injured three after entering a refugee camp near jerusalem. the troops arrived to demolish the home of a palestinian accused of shooting and killing an israeli this summer. on saturday, israeli forces destroyed the homes of the families of four palestinians accused of fatally shooting israelis. the u.s. supreme court has agreed to hear a challenge to a sweeping anti-choice law in texas, marking what could be the most significant abortion rights case in decades. the case was brought by abortion providers against a law which could shutter all but 10 clinics in texas if it comes into full effect. already, about half of the more than 40 clinics in texas have been forced to close under the law. in a statement friday, the center for reproductive rights, which represents the plaintiffs, said -- "today the supreme court took an important step toward restoring

year-ea old gaym are going through the process, having just arrived inn houston as refugees from eritrea, considered by many to be africa's most repressive state. >> in my school one teacher of english. >> reporter: even though las americas is funded like any other public school in houston serving low-income families and english language learners, it has additional resources to meet the needs of its students. >> they're by subject matter. this one is math terms in english and swahili.y's >> reporter: moreno has invested in dictionaries and other materials that translate words from english to the child's native tongue and vice versa. everyone here makes a concerted effort to respect where students have come from.e during a summer trip to guatemala, moreno picked up a book written in ki'che - a mayan language that las americas student moises tumax had learned along with spanish growing up there.isni at first, he couldn't believe she had found it. >> ( translated ): it's incredible to see it here, in i the united states.er in guatemala you can find them,f not in any store, but in a booka sh

people have arrived in germany this year, most fleeing violence in syria, afghanistan, iraq, somalia, eritreaand other countries. in brazil, at least 17 people have died after a dam burst at a mining waste site, unleashing a deluge of toxic red mud that flooded a village in the southeastern state of minas gerais. the dam is jointly owned by two mining giants, vale of brazil and bhp billiton of australia. meanwhile, brazilian oil workers are on strike in efforts to stop the privatization of state oil company petrobras. it's being called the most disruptive strike at the company in 20 years. simao zanardi, the leader of the refinery union, spoke out. inwe will remain on strike to the government gives us the sign that it will not accept to negotiate the privatization of petrobras. we also want them to finish the works at the refinery. the petro complex of revisionary and the fertilizer factory. these three projects are vital for petrobras in brazil to conquer the sovereignty and energy. amy: in harrisburg, pennsylvania, a police officer who fatally shot an unarmed driver in his back as he lay fa

eritrea will not accept aid. they think they are just fine. does not a conflict or development problem, it is a repression problem. it is of force conscription, which is in effect forced labor. in other countries, we don't know how to do development effectively. there are governance issues beyond the donors' ability to fix. massive obstacles to development. development tends to be self starting. i don't think i would advocate for more aid. it is not in itself going to solve the problem. nor's military intervention. >> i served as a senior member of the policy planning staff. of the department of state. i can tell you categorically there is no such thing as long-term planning. >> looks come to the front. this lady who has been patient. and then this gentleman. > i cover law. immigration law. you are right, these migrants do not have the right to invade another country's borders. there are such deep compassion, it seems we are not allowed to se rhetoric that would reflect aws. here in the u.s., we have to look at the pull factor as well as the p

eritrea will not accept aid. they think they are just fine. that's not a conflict or development problem, it is a repression problem. it is primarily a problem of force conscription, which is in effect forced labor. in other countries in africa, i think the answer is we don't know how to do development effectively. there are governance issues that are beyond the donors' ability to fix. there are just massive obstacles to development. and development tends to be self starting. so i do not think more 80's -- i would advocate for more strongly, but it, in itself, is not going to solve the problem. nor is military intervention. the 1990's, i served as a senior member of the policy planning staff. mind the title. policy planning staff of the department of state. i can tell you categorically there is no such thing as long-term planning. period. >> lets come down here to the front this lady who has been , patient. and then back to this gentleman. >> i am a congressional journalist. i cover law. immigration law. you are right, these migrants do not ha

for over 37 years, professional career, she has served in egypt, sudan, ethiopia, eritrea. she worked as a consultant, she worked as senior advisor to the administration and chief of staff to the us-aid east africa. she has served twice on the national security council as special assistant to the president. she has been hailed as a strong and effective advocate on global development issues. she was voted out of the senate foreign relations committee, which i serve as ranking member by a unanimous vote. so i am very pleased that we are now able to vote tonight for her confirmation to be the administrator of the us-aid. i've already pointed out that this is a position critically important to our national security. but let me also point out that the world is facing a host of humanitarian crises, including food and security and displacement in syria, the europe migration crisis, rowh rowhinga refugee crisis in southeast asia, which require american leadership and assistance. growing needs are outstripping available resources. the administrator of us-aid is the key leadership po

they whether from eritrea and they had been part of the flood of refugees. they pose no harm to our country or to any of the countries in which they might ultimately settle, and yet they might need a little bit of assistance, a little bit of help because the mother was so young and her daughter only age 2. i also met two young girls from afghanistan who both said to me please don't take our pictures and put it on facebook because we fear for our relatives back in afghanistan. look what has happened in afghanistan as the taliban has regained strength and now is once again oppressing women and girls, denying them an education, forcing them into early marriages. another country on this list is nigeria. certainly a country we have to be very careful about because this is a country where isis has a stronghold and where boko haram is located. but it's also the country where hundreds of girls were kidnapped for trying to get an education. in other words, we can't just list 34 countries, some of which are essential to work with us in the war against terrorism agains