thou these solutions that have been presented as ethnic ones, then the solutions will break down along ethnic lines which will only aggravate rather than tackles the root of the situation, which is essentially political. >> but it's a tricky balancing act because victims and survivors in many parts of south sudan is one having been targeted opposite the basis theitheir ethnicity. how do you preserve that testimony, that very real testimony without suggesting this is some how inevitable, which i think is the trap that too often western commentators have fallen in to. >> exacerbating the president bush are the changing economics of the news business. cringingsand then more who parat the ground running and then figure it out. going to the front line which usually means being taken there by one side or another, but in south sudan what looks like a win-win situation, journalists getting access, it could be a lose-lose. >> journalists are often faced with an unappealing choice, which is don't get to the front lines, the other is don't side with the conflict. >> maybe this is what pushed the

when the fighting broke out last time, it quickly turned into ethnic fighting. there is a tribal element to it, to the current crisis. >> tell us more about the situation in south sudan. >> and others, by people have been seized from their house in northern serious -- syria. for more, we can speak now to "france 24's" beirut correspondent, who is following the situation from across the border. what more do we know? >> this is an instance has been kept largely under wraps. we spoke to the communications officer here in the region. they said this is something they are trying to keep secret, but that it has been leaked, and therefore, they have had to comment on it, but they are trying to keep negotiations behind the scenes. know is for the officers, we do not know what their roles were or their nationalities -- they were taken from their location, taken from their roles. they are now in contact with all the relevant stakeholders, in their words, the presumed kidnappers, trying to secure the release of this very delicate operation. this is very much in line with th

he argues that ethnic nepotism is a human trait that we all tend to favor members of our own ethnic group. this leads to social inequality, cultural conflict, and partisan sorting. this shows that sorting has been going on since the founding period. this shows my plot of america's regional changing subcultures and each can be linked to a major settler or immigrant wave. final conclusions and implications, the jury is still out. we anticipate continued levels of immigration which make the u.s. more diverse, more polarized, and more sordid. sorted. see the continued marginalization of the republican party as the country changes demographically and finally, we see continuing political instability. thank you. >> thank you, joel. next up is david from the university of missouri st. louis. >> thank you very much, linda. and thank you to john and janet and the university of akron to invite us here. let me acknowledge my co- partisans here, who worked on this with me even though i'm the one doing the talking here. ok. the papers on this panel tend to emphasize the dark side of polarization. i wil

racial and ethnic group. so our argument here is that ethnic nepotism occurs after competition which then leads to social inequality, cultural conflict, social sorting, political sorting and finally, partisan sorting. this shows that sorting has been going on since the founding period. this basically e shows my plot of america's changing regional subcultures, and each of these subcultures can be link today a major -- links to a major settler or immigrant wave. finally, conclusions and implications. the jury's still out, but tentatively we anticipate continued levels of immigration which will make the u.s. more diverse, more polarized and more sorted. what we also see is the growing influence of racial and ethnic differences on party identifications and voting in presidential elections. we see the continued marginalization of the republican party as the country changes demographically and finally, we see continuing political instability. thank you. >> okay. thank you, joel. okay, next, david kimball and eric -

they have ethnic passports. many of them fear their government could make a bad decision that would chain them to russia. >> leaving is out of the question. we cannot just drop everything and go. i would really like to finally live in europe with my husband and daughter, but i hope i do not have to flee ukraine to do that. >> my grandfather always said that it mustn't come to the point where they have to seek our polish bones all over the world. this used to be poland. that's why i remain here as a pole. i am protecting what the ukrainians have not destroyed yet. >> there have been demonstrations here, too. on some afternoons, 20,000 people show up to call for ukraine to orient itself towards the west. no one here favors a customs union with russia. >> shame on putin. he will not let us join the european union. >> moscow wants to force us back to the soviet union, back to the stone age, but we are a modern people. we want to be part of europe. >> the next morning at 6:00 a.m., we are in a bus with the ukrainian

they have ethnic passports. many of them fear their government could make a bad decision that would chain them to russia. >> leaving is out of the question. we cannot just drop everything and go. i would really like to finally live in europe with my husband and daughter, but i hope i do not have to flee ukraine to do that. >> my grandfather always said that it mustn't come to the point where they have to seek our polish bones all over the world. this used to be poland. that's why i remain here as a pole. i am protecting what the ukrainians have not destroyed yet. >> there have been demonstrations here, too. on some afternoons, 20,000 people show up to call for ukraine to orient itself towards the west. no one here favors a customs union with russia. >> shame on putin. he will not let us join the european union. >> moscow wants to force us back to the soviet union, back to the stone age, but we are a modern people. we want to be part of europe. >> the next morning at 6:00 a.m., we are in a bus with the ukrainian

of certain ethnic groups and you reference this again. i think that maybe there could be a solution if israel would go back to the border. but you have to understand that they rejected it for the same reason that others have challenged this treaty. it is because they put their land over to a colonial group that represents the population and gave them a majority of the land, including throwing them back and that really is the basis of the hostilities. and so i just finally want to say on the criticism that i have been getting. the criticism is much less hysterical and it's because they understand that we are -- that this is the kind of situation that they are living in and of course their solutions might differ from mine. mine -- my solution is equal rights. the idea that the palestinian state, which is never actually offered, it has to be given up at least in the near-term and it is a struggle to be based on equal rights for all people between the river and the sea, including river and movement. this was accepted with the u.n. general ass

we have seen apparent ethnic targeting of south sudan citizens.s can lead to a perpetual cycle of violence that can destroy the fabric of the new nation. >> what is the situation like in bor? this is a town strategically important to both sides. it seems to have changed hands several times. who controls it now? >> well, bor is under the control of the rebel forces. the town is largely deserted as people have fled because of the latest round of fighting and even before that. they have left town and the government are waiting for enforcements to come to them from different parts of the state, particularly juba. they said they will be retaking bor from the rebels within the coming hours. >> okay. let's look ahead, muhammad, both sides have sent delegations. i suppose number one on the agenda has to be some kind of ceasefire? >> indeed, you are correct. that is the first item of the agenda, because both sides have to stop shooting at each other first before they can deal with the other contentious issues, but before they discuss that issue of the ceas

he didn't mean to live in a moment all the outpouring for development for ethnic unity by the video just like the likeable but how people around chicago. while welcoming the idea of opal and six with his regrets the sanctions imposed fine hongkong about the twenty ten and up pops the part ukrainian will like its offer conditional amnesty to people that kind of wife of an adjustment for him ah thanks for joining us for the special news updates here at cctv new sign in when not in beijing. in chinese president hu jin ping has made a three day two of north china's inner mongolia worked on this weekend visiting our three stations bombs and the prizes and communities he's called on people of portman groups to unite to promote economic and social development and defend the country's northern border tyrone has on top story. she seemed to visit the local residents offering new year greetings to people all ethnic groups. one of the people of the president visited in the northeast off the new mongolia was seventy four year old boy inside who leaves him howard tea. she didn't heelers local cadres t

so i've been here if too many of these ethnic cleansing problems around the world. and the response for those who perpetrated it has been weak at best. so what can you tell this committee about how the united states, which has always been the leader on these issues will make sure that those who committed atrocities will be held accountable by the international community. >> thank you for the question. my answer ooem not sure will satisfy you. it's not going to satisfy me. it's hard. but having worked in africa for many years, we have examples where we succeeded. we look at the fact that charles was held accountable and serving the rest of his life in prison. that's the example that i want to follow for us in sudan. as we look at how -- but this is hard. i can't say this is something we can accomplish easily. but i can say it's something that we're committed to making every effort to accomplish. >> well, let me just point out if the united states does not make this a priority issue, it will not be a priority issue. it's up to us. i do appreciate the testimony that we

political rivalries have taken on ethnic dimensions. atrocities are being committed. men, women and children are caught in the crossfire. this is not the future for which the people of sudan voted three years ago. south sudan's crisis began less than a month ago on december 15 with a political struggle that escalated into broader violence. however, the fighting began -- as the fighting began, a few things became crystal clear. first, neither the united states nor the international community or continue nens the armed over throw of a democratically elected government. second, hostilities must stop. any and all hostility directed at civilian populations must end. those responsible must be held accountable. third, this crisis will not be solved on the battlefield. we have made that point over and over again. although fighting started less than one month ago, the roots of this conflict are much deeper. resolution can only come through immediate dialogue between the two sides and a broader reconciliati reconciliation. finally all parties must permit immediate humanitarian

and were civilians being murdered or belonging to the wrong ethnic group. was disturbed by a december human right reports that the south sudanese army had targeted nor civilians on the basis of their ethnicity. given the fact that hundreds of millions of dollars of assistance that the united states has provided to the sudanese since 2005, this crates disturbing questions. vided to south sudanese forces since 2005. this creates disturbing questions. the united states has suspended security assistance and training in december. under what circumstances will the security be allowed to resume? will there be consideration now paid to the fact that we need assurances? that our resistance in training will not be used to commit human rights violations. >> thank you for that question. we have been really saddened by the events that have turned this fight into a battle that is ethnic in nature. and particularly that is happening inside of the military. we have asked the u.n. about the information on mass graves. they've not been able to confirm those. . we hope to get

saying they're fed up with a lack of determination among the opposition leaders had the deep roots of ethnic disputes in ukraine. also the u.s. president to meet with new promises for a better future in his state of the union speech but polls to jazz the public no longer trap him to follow through on his word. and to business bonanza foreign companies are ready to rush back into iran taking advantage of the partial suspension of sanctions following last year's historic nuclear agreement. this is asking international coming to live from moscow my name is you thanks for joining us nationally say they are now taking charge of the attempted revolution in ukraine because they are unhappy with the opposition's leadership one senior member of the so-called right sector movement says the aims of the more moderate activists are too vague among the groups ideas is to reject the e.u. stable establishing a ukrainian only state and the ethnic minorities are now worried about the potential rise of extremism there as are his legs here cesky finds out this is a conflict that goes back generations. chef ski

he is from the ethnic group which now lives in fear of ethnic targeting by members of the country's security force from another ethnic group, the dinka. media reports that individuals in uniforms have entered the u.n. base in several locations and forcibly removed civilians taking shelter dl. on december 21, two u.n. peacekeepers were killed after a group attacked a u.n. peacekeeping base that was sheltering 20 civilians. there is no safe harbor today in the south sudan. at the u.n. -- if the u.n. base can be overrun and people killed because of their ethnicity, the international community must respond. i remain extremely concerned that the reports out of the south sudan, all of which suggest serious crimes against humanity are occurring in the country. the world cannot stand by and beabear witness to another crime against humanity. we must do all we can. mr. president, our first priority to get peace on the ground, to stop the killings, so people can live in peace. we need to work were the international community so humanitarian aid can get to the people who need t that's very challenging c

so i think we have too many of these ethnic cleansing problems around the world. and the response for those who perpetrated it is weak at best. and so what can you tell this committee, which has always been the leader on these issues, to make sure that those who committed atrocities will be held accountable by the international community. >> thank you for that question. my answer, i'm not sure that will satisfy you because it will not satisfy me. it is hard. but having worked in africa for many years, we have some examples and if we look at the fact that charles taylor was held accountable in serving the rest of his life in prison, that is the example that i want to follow for us in sudan as we look at how to be successful in holding people accountable. and i cannot say that this is something that we will be able to accomplish easily. but i can say that it is something that we are committed to making every effort to accomplish. >> let me just point out that if the united states is not making this a priority issue, it will not be a priority issue. and it is up to u

structures, through ethnicity. and when they seek to build constitwains uencies, they dpor go urban acog stituencies and go for theethnic ones. that means at least on the surface of things, it looks like there is an ethnic clash going on. i think that's a very superficial view, though. i think what's happening is that big politicians are using whatever resources they have, whatever political resources they have to mobilize the rural position in a crisis. and the beginning and probably the end of this crisis will be within the factions of the elite. >> you talk about a possible end to the crisis. there have been some delays for peace talks. are you optimistic that they will reach any kind of settlement or a peace deal in ethiopia? >> well, i sincerely hope that they will. but the situation is equally confusing for people like myself who are observing from far away, and it's also extremely despite bad press, ford refused to step down, even if it mentoronto city councillors taking away all but the most symbolic of the

the schooling for roma remains basic, and there are no mixed classes with ethnic hungarians.ome families are coaching the kids at home to try to bridge the difference. the roma have long been discriminated against in hungarian society, and as to not seem to be improving. we're told the new electoral law has even restricted to the liberties. >> if i put on these electoral forms that i am an ethnic roma, then i cannot vote for any of the other political parties. i can only vote for or against a roma representative in parliament. >> things could be much better for the roma in hungary, according to this man who says millions of euros from the european union were invested in the roma strategy projects, money that was badly invested, he says. >> over the last 25 years, all the political parties had one thing in common -- their prejudices against the roma community. none of them really have the will to change the situation. 90% of the 700,000 roma live in abject poverty, but only few profit from the integration schemes. the so-called model roma. >> laszlo is not a member. he says it

rex the gateway city to the capital is the center of the ethnic really -- ethnically based violence. >> the new year brought little reason for celebrations. local people, many displaced, hope the talks will produce a cease-fire. the united nations says it is extremely concerned about the growing violence and is calling for reconciliation. >> we have seen terrible acts of violence in the past two weeks. there have been killings, brutality, and human rights violations committed. we are seeing evidence of apparent targeting of the south sudanese people on ethnic grounds. this can lead to a perpetual cycle of violence that can destroy the fabric of a new nation. >> both sides remain at loggerheads. one member of a tribe is refusing to share power with a former vice president. another has warned rebels will take more cities. nearly 70,000 people have sought refugee status have sought refuge in south sudan. if the peace talks succeed, many could head home and start rebuilding their lives. >> there has been another update on michael schumacher's condition from his manager. he says the formu

island in a sea of -- of an island in ethnic and unrest unrest by these people for people who have lostir rights. losing their rights and level of self determination and putin is determined to revive determined to russia, and people forget that russia is a multi-ethnic russia is a multi and still ethnic empire. >> and it's always been that way their own these people didn't want to remain russians, yet there they didn't want to remain are and were kept inside by and yet there they are, and were kept inside by pretty brutal war. was several government tried, was self government tried? was it offered? was offered, was some offering at any point? >> well what happened after the breakup of the offered? there >> there were two chechen wars, one in 1994 and one in 199. in the second chechen war there were foreign fight whose came in to fight in that conflict coming wars. and from other foreign fighters islamist lands. fight the conflict. at that point it stopped being and at that point it stopped being kind of purely an internal conflict, conflict, and fear by if they were to offer autonomy if

if people were coming repeatedly saying there is a pattern of bias on the ethnicity or gender of the victim you would say the police need to track the gend or or the ethnicity of victims or complaisants so you can see that. you have no statistics. the traffic complainants or am victims are pedestrians, motorists or bicyclists. offenses against bicyclists are not a specific category. you can't tell failure to yield to another vehicle or bicyclists. you can't tell because it's not track. the police probably want to tell you they're not biased against bicyclists. if that is true they would want to collect the statistics and come back and show you that the percentage of calls and complaints resulted in the same percentage of citations issues of criminal charges brought of arrests of convictions of jail time when there was a bicyclists or another motor vehicle but without those statistics you can't do it. given the seriousness of allegationses of bias which i believe are founded and same if ethnic or gender community. mandate the collection of that data as a categorization of these cases.

we need to duplicate that when it comes to the ethnic community. and the city does a great job of putting that out. they say, if you speak a different language, we'll pay you more and we'll look closely to your application. that's the same level of uniformity that i would like to see in the recruitment of future fire employees. also i want to talk about the report -- the report talk was the imbalance of staffing between fire and ems or employees. >> may i defer those questions to the chief because we're not involved in the staff. >> not a problem. >> we can wait for the chief to get up. i would like to ask about one of the recommendations that was made -- this is recommendation 1.3 and it is to make sure that the recommendations has been clarified through dhr and the fire department. this talks about discrepancy within staff and your department and where that responsibility lies. your recommendation -- on this recommendation, you indicated that you disagree. and you stay that both dhr and the fire department are clear on its recruitment responsibil

is it ethnic? >> i don't accept because the president -- he is ethnic and car, and his rifle is newer, but many -- his rival is newer, but many supporters of his challenger r&d car, to. the founder of the nation, who played a vital role in the peace negotiations -- she is as well, so i do not think there is an ethnic cause behind it. i think it is a power struggle, and the president ousted much of his cabinet, much of the army leadership, much of the party leadership, and so his rival announced his candidacy for the presidential elections in 2015, and i think this is the real cause. >> that was the head of our africa desk talking to us earlier. police have shot dead three cambodian garment workers and injured some two dozen, and violent human rights groups are calling it a threat to the nation posse unions and its democracy. >> the workers want a survival rate of $160 a month -- a survival wage. so far, there's been no word from western retailers who employ them as contractors that they will raise

ethnic nepotism is a human trait that we all tend to favor members of our own ethnic group.this leads to social inequality, cultural conflict, and partisan sorting. this shows that sorting has been going on since the founding period. this shows my plot of americans regional changing subcultures and each can be linked to a major settler or immigrant. final conclusions and implications, the jury is still out. we anticipate continued levels of immigration which make the u.s. more diverse, more polarized, and more sordid. we also see the growing influence on party differences. finally, we see a continuing political instability. thank you. >> thank you. next up is david from the university of missouri st. louis. >> thank you very much, linda. and thank you to john and janet and the university of akron to invite us here. let me acknowledge my co- partisans here, who worked on this with me even though i'm the one doing the talking here. ok. the papers on this panel tend to emphasize the dark side of polarization. i will start with something more positive. this shows data from the a

they're almost all from the dinka tribe, fearing ethnic violence they suffered once before in boria, a town now controlled by rebel forces in their newer, tribal militia. human effect of the political crisis that sparked tribal violence. some aid has reached the camp. food and some oil from 30,000 from the red cross, a drop in the ocean but much, much more is on the way. >> give the people what they need because when they are displaced, for them some of them are displaced a lot of time and in the process they have lost their food so you come and look at them and see their needs in this community and are quite huge. >> well over 200,000 people have been displaced by the fighting across country. tens of thousands sought refuge in u.n. compounds. this one in the capital juv afflet. from those trapped in towns held by the rebels, ascare of what might happen when the army tries to retake them. many believe more fighting is imminent. hard to know the full extent of the crisis. >> there are still great unknowns. nity in upper nile state which has seen considerable fighting in the past coupl

own hands saying they're fed up with a lack of determination among the opposition big deep roots of ethnic disputes in ukraine. the u.s. president delivers new promises for a better future in his state of the union speech but polls suggest the public no longer trust him to follow through on his word. on to business but now as a foreign companies are ready to rush back into it you've run taking advantage of the cultural suspension of sanctions following last year's historic nuclear agreement. international news and comment live from moscow you're watching now to international with me. thanks for joining us nationalists and happy with the leadership of ukraine's nationwide protest movement and speed don't they attend revolution say from now on they are in charge one of these old the so-called right sector movement says it's obliged to take responsibility because the opposition's aims are to beg among the groups ideas is to reject the e.u. in favor of establishing a ukrainian only state as nick minorities and are worried about the potential rise of extremism and as our season exceed the finds

in a bottle conducted a total ethnic cleansing. shot is to destroy living on a territory they considered their property after the bowling slaughter of the murders of the both continued. and third open region of their worry craniums we tried to help provide them with shelter but those ukrainians were flowing through. seven decades later when ukraine's opposition faced off with the government pictures of those behind the slaughter resurfaced in the heart of the protest the man who formed the 1940's insurgent movement in ukraine step on when there is still pretty much tearing the country apart while many call him a killer and cannot forgive the atrocities his movement had committed some at the my john i clearly guarding him as a hero of warsaw has been supportive of ukraine's protesters all along despite a chunk of the radical writers supporting the man who brought so much pain to the polish nation unpunished miners which haven't been prosecuted will always spawn new martyrs standing at his father's grave must laugh in a machete says

has several hundred and one of those is an ethnic russian ge t gemot. previous reports about a group called volusia had been --muj a --mujahadeen the pakistan viliot used suicide bombings in february of 2011 in dagestan, a colleague of theirs was apprehended by russian forces but not before he detonated and blew off his hand and was a would-be suicide bomber. the august 12th assassination of the most popular sheik in pakistan was carried out by an ethnic russian convert and her handler was ethnic russian move ahead dean dmitri sakharov in october. he was killed a week after that attack. and the emir of that group, when a deterrent in boca grande there were reports that the perpetrator was pablo pachokin , an ethnic russian convert who was part of this russian jemot and there were several others. on january 19th there was a videotape on the dagestan web site, two mujahadin claiming to be from the answar al sureman group, one of those names, corresponds with national anti-terrorist committee's claim of suleyman magomedov having taken -- okay, so this mean

fed up with a lack of determination among the opposition party it looks at the deep roots of the ethnic disputes in ukraine. the us president or delivers new promises for better future in his state of the union speech but poll suggests that the population no longer trust him to follow through on his words. and a business plan ends up foreign companies are waiting to rush back into iran taking advantage of the partial suspension of sanctions following last year's historic new here gleam and. a very warm welcome to you if you're just joining us here on our team to national i'm to would say. the ukrainian parliament has started a session that could mark a twenty point for the protests that have crippled the country's capital lawmakers will be voting on an amnesty for those detained during the riots opposition demonstrators have promised to leave the streets if it's past due to all of the reports from kiev. around a thousand people on independence square just behind me also over on the barricades in a stadium where we saw some of the fiercest fighting well that middle ground the president t

saying they're fed up with the lack of determination among the opposition said big deep roots of ethnic disputes in ukraine and there will be live in kiev and just a few miles but. the u.s. president delivers new promises for a better future in his state of the union speech but poll suggests the public no longer trust him to follow through on his words. and business bonanza foreign companies are ready to rush back into iran taking advantage of the partial suspension of sanctions flying last year's historic new their agreement that. this is asking to national coming here live from moscow i am you know sure of our thanks for joining us. nationalists say they're now taking charge of the attempted revolution in ukraine because they are unhappy with the opposition's leadership one senior member of the so-called right sector movement says the aims of the more moderate activists or to beg among the groups ideas is to reject the e.u. stablish a ukrainian only state and aussies peter on about isn't here right now for us let's go live to him peter it looks like the president over ukraine is tryin

my first observation is that this crisis was neither inevitable nor ethnically motivated. it is a political crisis, precipitated by the failure of president kiir and machar to settle their political violences without resort to violence. they can stop it. the first priority is inducing them to do so. secondly, institutional development takes decades. political transitions are inherently messy. it's not a surprise that there is a crisis in government. it is important to recognize that south sudan was not afforded self-determination based on its capacity for self-rule. south sudan must develop its political institutions indigenously and from the ground up. it is unreasonable to expect these institutions to develop and take root in two and a half years. sadly, the government's record since independence is one of deliberate undermining and erosion of t erosion. this is the root of the current crisis and the fundamental issue that must be addressed if and when the fighting ends. thirdly, the united states's deep relationships with the protagonist and unparalleled degree of influ

while the war began as a political feud, it has taken on ethnic overtones. two tribes have been pitted against one another. our correspondent managed to the town to see the aftermath. >> months ago, there was life here. reduced tortant town a looted shell, and government troops of nazis did to the rebels and are edging towards victory. we got a rare glimpse into the nightmares here. >> we have to defeat them. >> is this an important victory >> it is very important to us because we want people to come back to their city. >> the most horrific scenes are at the hospital. it is still standing, but was ransacked twice by rebel forces, those in their wake. 13 people were killed inside his hospital when rebel forces swept through, executing people inside their beds. it is too distressing to show you what is over there, underneath it, there is a woman's body, a lady who was killed while she was inside the hospital trying to recover. outside the main entrance, we have seen to chart rotting bodies decaying. the stench of rotting material inside here is absolutely over

hello and welcome to worlds apart one of the largest ethnic groups without a state kurds have long been both the victims and the active participants of large geopolitical ventures and as the middle is goes through one of the biggest upheavals in its recent history can the currents turn this power struggle into a benefit for their cause well to discuss that i'm now joined by him mean me a high ranking member of the accordion democratic party thank you very much for your time sir i know that kurdish folklore has very rich tradition and one of the one of the characters fear most often encounter and kurdish tales are songs is that one of the walks and it's interesting that that animal is often praised for its truth knows and cunningness but also his time in sea of overplaying his smarts lands him in the rather precarious situation sometimes and i think this is very characteristic of kurdish approach to politics in general but it doesn't seem to. further your own cause that much i wonder why is that in your view first the kurdish questions in the middle east has been the victim of the lack o

an island in ethnic and unrest for people who have lost their rights. putin is determined to revive russia, and people forget that russia is a multi ethnic empire. and it's always been that way these people didn't want to remain russians, yet there they are and were kept inside by pretty brutal war. was several government tried, offered, was some offered? >> there were two chechen wars, one in 1994 and one in 199. in the second chechen war there were foreign fight whose came in to fight in that conflict coming from other islamist lands. at that point it stopped being purely an internal conflict, and if they were to offer autonomy to this group they would like to implement sharia law and there would be a base for islamic base for the caucasus. it's quite the dilemma for the russian government as to how they should treat this territory. >> over the last dozen years since the 9/11 terrorist attacks, the idea of networks and transnational movements have dominated the discussion of how the world responds to this. is this a particularly sensitive part of the

the un's special representative for the country says that economic -- ethnic violence was widespread in the conflict. >> i've seen terrible acts of violence in the past two weeks. there have been killings and brutality, grave human rights atrocities committed. there has been evidence of apparent ethnic targeting of s.uth sunni >> they rose up against the government on december 15. he says his men were only defending themselves against pro-government attacks. several thousands are believed to have been killed. the u.n. is battling to cope with the number of displaced. >> the scale of the crisis has challenged an already overstretched mission. we now have approximately 68,000 people that have sought refuge in our camps. and they are in 13 different locations all over the country, in the three major states first and foremost. >> the government and rebels had agreed to meet in addis ababa. a cease-fire could be in place by thursday. >> three bombs have exploded outside a hotel in the somalian capital, mogadishu, after 11 people had been killed. the explosions occurred at a hotel near mog