from this, ethyl alcohol is produced. below that is ethylene glycol, used in antifreeze and adhesives. a further step down the ladder produces acetic acid for polymers like vinyls and rayon. and at the bottom of the energy ladder are carbon dioxide and water. so whether a reaction will go or not depends on the balance of energy and entropy of the reactants and the products. we can trade off one of these against the other. for instance, humans like to have ordered things around them. we like to build. can we construct a local defeat of entropy in our environment? yes, we can, if we put in energy. that's what's going on in this construction site in back of me. energy and entropy tell us whether a reaction will go, but not actually how quickly it does go. for instance, concrete is being set in that building. it's important that it's set in hours and not in seconds and not in days. let's look at the rates of chemical reactions and how we can influence them. roads, dams, bridges, churches, houses, and offices. there's chemistr

shevers seen going to a party with friends and seen flirting with the nephew of ethyl kennedy. next day her body was found in her yard and bludgeoned and stabbed to death from a broken golf club found near her body. the golf club was found that of skakel's home. suspicion fell on thomas skakel. the last person seen with moxley the night of the party. another suspect was kim middleton who move in with the family the day of the murder but police never charged either of them citing a lack of evidence. two decade the case languished. new interest and new tips. a new suspect in january of 2000, 40-year-old michael skakel, thomas skakel's little brother, michael was also 15 at the time of the crime which meant 25 years later, he was charged as a juvenile. he turned himself into police after an arrest warrant was issued all the way proclaiming his innocence. >> to my knowledge, there is no physical evidence. there is no dna evidence. no scientific evidence or anything that links michael skakel to this crime. >> reporter: despite that a number of witnesses placed him at the crime scene

michael skakel the nephew of ethyl kennedy was convicted for the 1975 murder of his neighbor martha moxley. both were 15 at the time. yesterday, a connecticut judge granted the 53-year-old a new trial. skakel has long claimed that his former attorney did not adequately represent him and didn't track down key witnesses. >> he led me to believe clearly these people were coming to testify on my behalf at this trial. >> martha moxley blew up in piedmont -- grew up in piedmont before moving to the east coast with her family. skakel could be released on bail today. >>> more than 16 years after her death, new information is come to light in the jonbenet ramsey murder case. in the 1999, the district attorney announced there wasn't sufficient evidence to file charges against her parents. but apparently a grand jury had a different opinion. a colorado judge has ordered the release of court documents showing the grand jury voted to indictment her parents, john and patsy ramsey. >>> some disturbing images out of malibu. at least three dead sea lions have washed ashore covered in bullet wounds. the sho

michael skakel is the nephew of robert kennedy's widow ethyl kennedy. he's getting a new trial saying that his attorneys failed to fairly represent him. >>> a 13 yurld a 13-year-old was carrying a pellet gun that officers mick took for a high-powered rifle. bigad shaban reports. >> reporter: two california sheriffs deputies say they believed 13-year-old anthony lopes was carrying an assault rifle when one of the deputies shot and killed him but his parents say he was carrying a toy on his way to play with a friend. >> he's not alive anymore because of a mistake. >> reporter: police held up lopez's fake rifle alongside an ak-47 during a news conference. they say they repeatedly told the middle schooler to drop the weapon. they say when the boy didn't, they shot lopez several times. >> one of the deputies described that as the suspect was turned toward him, the barrel of the rifle was rising up and turning in his direction. >> reporter: he also had a gun in his waistband. the teen was a popular student who played the trumpet in the school band. the two de

reporter: clearly it became a high-profile trial because of this because of connection to camelot, ethyl, and michael skakel is her nephew. so there is that connection. and they were prominent. this was a very wealthy neighborhood. the moxleys were neighbors that didn't live far from the skakels. so clearly it had all of the evidence of a dominick dunne mystery, which is why his story ended up with so much attention as well. >>> i can tell you, wolf, i'm getting some of the early comments from the state attorney in bridgeport, where is where this is being litigated. the state attorney says he does plan to appeal. he told reports, via associated press, he does plan to appeal it. the poor prosecutors, they got a conviction, and here they are being punished effectively, they were the ones who took on the defense of the defense lawyer. so the prosecutors defend defended the defense lawyer, and they would like to appeal the decision that was just made against the defense lawyers. so it's a bit complicated, but follow the bouncing ball. if they can have this thrown out and the original convict

kenny and his wife ethyl was convicted of killing martha moxley.l was nearly 40 when he was arrested and media attention was intense throughout the trial and the idea there will be a new trial stunned many people including moxley's family. i spoke to her brother, john moxley, earlier. mr. moxley, i know you say you're stunned by this decision. you have no reason to suspect a retrial would be ordered based on ineffective counsel? >> that's correct. it was surprising. >> you were there for the trial and saw mickey sherman in court. you're not a legal expert. did you think he was ineffective in your view? >> no, i thought he did some things very well. let me tell you this, i would rather have jonathan benedict any day of the week because he's more my personality type and my sense is micki was more the skakel personality type but he did some things during the course of the trial that i remember there was one where i called up jonathan benedict and said you guys missed something here and this guy is going to do something, and, you know, he did. it was -

michael skakel the nephew of ethyl kennedy convicted back in 1975 for the murder of his 15- year-oldr martha moxley. he was grand a new trial. a judge said skakel's former attorney didn't adequately represent him and granted him a new trial. skakel blasted the same attorney for not tracking down key witnesses. >> he led me to believe clearly these people were coming to testify on my behalf at this trial. >> martha moxley grew up in piedmont before moving to the east coast with her family. skakel is expected to be released on bail today. >>> three children were hurt after another student got ahold of a police officer's gun during a safety demonstration. it happened at an elementary school in southern california yesterday. witnesses say officers were hanging out with the kids when one of the students pulled the trigger of an ar-15 rifle that was mounted on a police motorcycle. the students were not hit by the gulf but they suffered cuts and bruises during the confusion. >>> developing news from massachusetts, counselors will be available today at the school where a popular teacher was