group into a circlcle, with h the babs and juveniles in the center and the e adults facacing outwad fofor protecection. and that's how their bodies were found. narrator: more than 90% of elephants in garamba park have already been killed as a result of massive and continuous assaults. ruggiero: it's well understood that eleleants have a sense of mortality. they understand that a carcass of, say, one of their family members has had its s trunk cut off and its tusks are no l longr there. they will go to an elephant that''s died if the tusks are there, they w will remove them fromom e carcass and pass them around frequeuently and carry thehem of into the bush, for example. so they're cognizant. they are communicative. they're sentient. they're extxtremely intelligege. they have a great memory. it''s not just a clichchÉ. so they suffer. roberts: elephants are hugely triarchal heherds. you've got g grandmotherers and daughters, granddaughters, aunts, nieces all living together. the minute you allllow those herds or individuals in those herds to be killed, you're decimating the entire fabric of that elephan