fauci: yes. >> thank you. do you have a question? nih top a lot about moving away from the egg-based system. how long do you think we will keep doing this, a system that's not particularly effective? what do you think gets you there? dr. fauci: that's a good question. the a combination of science proving that the other methods work. for example, if you look this year, we have one candidate that is using the molecular dialogical technique -- biological technique. that is the vaccine. only about 3% of the vaccine doses were of that type. the overwhelming majority were of egg-based and lesser amount of cell-based. the first step to answering your question is that have a few platforms that prove they are as good or better than the egg-based, and i don't think there would be much of a problem to prove that. can use scalep is that up to be able to make doses people?million plus although there were many weaknesses in egg-based, there are massive factories that make millions and millions of doses. will b

anthony fauci heads up vaccine research at the national institutes of health. he says we need a brand-new approach. >> we've been using this technology of inactivated virus that you grow in chicken eggs since the 1940s. this is antiquated. >> reporter: in the six to seven months it usually takes to create the vaccine using eggs, the virus can dramatically change. the solution: a universal flu vaccine that would protect against multiple strains of the virus for years, perhaps a lifetime. flu viruses are made up of molecules that look like must have been rooms with heads and stalks. the current vaccine only targets the head, but that part is unstable, frequently changing. the result: a flu vaccine that only works some of the time. the focus of research now is the bottom, or the stalk, which doesn't change, giving the vaccine a chance to work. >> we might not ever get a perfect universal flu vaccine, but we have to have some version of a universal flu vaccine. we cannot accept that we won't get there. >> glor: amazing that we've been using same approach since the

anthony fauci heads up vaccine research at the national institutes of health. he says we need a brand new approach. >> we've been using this technology of inactivated virus that you grow in chicken eggs since the 1940s. this is antiquated. >> reporter: in the six to seven months it usually takes to create the vaccine using eggs, the virus can dramatically change. the solution? a universal flu vaccine that would protect against multiple strains of the virus for years, perhaps a lifetime. flu viruses are made up of molecules that look like mushrooms, with heads and stalks. the current vaccine only targets the head. but that part is unstable, frequently changing. the result? a flu vaccine that only works some of the time. the focus of research now is the bottom, or the stalk, which doesn't change, giving the vaccine a chance to work. >> we might not ever get a perfect universal flu vaccine, but we have to have some version of a universal flu vaccine. we cannot accept that we won't get there. >> amazing that we've been using the same approach since the 1940s. how l

fauci said is spot on. in addition to those, it's about the capacity and the yields of the new technology so we've had 70 years to optimize the efficiency and the yields with of egg-based vaccine. we've had five years to work on optimization of recombinant and cell-based vaccine so it's remarkable to see the progress being made in those companies to improve the efficiency of production and the yields of those vaccines. another challenge, however, is the benefit of the vaccines is blended together in the marketplace so it hadn't been a focus on getting the differentiated data set to show the benefit and effectiveness of egg-based or non-egg-based vaccine. we know the benefits of non-- g non-egg-based vaccines. we're also get the additional data now to understand the true effectiveness difference. >> so dr. gottlieb, did you want to add anything? >> i agree with my colleagues. with if recombinant processes, one of the challenges is still the cell culture and yield you're able to derive using recombinant proce

fauci is a key advisor to the white house and one of the principal architects of the urgency plan for aids relief aids relief happy and dr. fauci will give some background and we can get into some q and a and discussion. >> it is a pleasure to be here this morning and as sarah mentioned i will run through some background and leave it open for some discussion anything else you would like to discuss. . . . . it will become obvious to you what i think that is what i'm going to show you hopefully with convince you of that. so as you look at the artificial separation of seasonal and pandemic influenza is it's interesting when we talk about influenza it's highly predictable and highly unpredictable. the highly predictable as we will have an influenza outbreak for certain every winter in the northern hemisphere in the southern hemisphere in the winter. it occurs naturally and since seasonal flu change very little but change from season to season there's always a degree of residual background immunity and the population and that really is critical to why the seasonal flu isn't a pandemic ever

>> your recognize for five minutes. >> while we are on the commercial to get your flu shot doctor fauci told me in december to get it and i did. it has been a tough fear back in texas but there hasn't been a new antiviral produced in the last 20 years? >> 1999. >> so then this question as far as the scientific side why is this so difficult? virus is a pretty simple organism talk about toxicity or on that paper it seems like that should be pretty straightforwar straightforward. >> it seems that way but there are targets in the replication cycle as other inhibitors but the interesting thing is even though we do that fundamental base research we haven't had an overwhelming amount of interest to help to chaperone the companies and it isn't completely instrumental and to put all of that effort king at the various aspects we came up with a total of 30 effective drugs but the industry that we could not do the same thing. >> on that regulatory side can you take that up? >> and there is a lot of interest to see those differentiated products for the strategic rationale to have that available but

fauci. why is this so difficult? a virus is a pretty simple organism. toxicitylike suggested , talked about in that paper that you showed us -- it seems like it should be pretty straightforward. >> it seems that way. you are right. there are targets to the replication cycle. thing, evening though we are doing the fundamental research to examine that, we have not had an overwhelming amount of interest on the part of companies, which -- has been so important in chaperoning the companies to get involved in this. you are right. it is not a completely insurmountable scientific problem. it has a replication cycle. intowe put all that effort looking at the various aspects of the replication cycle of hiv, 30 effectiveth drugs. there is no reason why, with the right industry interest in it, we cannot do the same thing. i yield to my cogley to my left -- to my colleague to my left. i think there is a lot of interest in seeing differentiated products put forward to address the flu for a host of reasons. the strategic rationale of having that available. arestandard

anthony fauci will testify about the government's preparations and response to the flu season. watch live coverage from the house energy and commerce oversight subcommittee at 10:00 a.m. eastern here on c-span3. in the afternoon -- >> can the nominees follow me, please? >> the committee will come to order. good afternoon. this is an nomination hearing from the honorable joseph mcmahonis of new york. a career member of the senior foreign service. to be u.s. ambassador to colombia. ms. mary royce of california to an anassistant secretary of state for educational and cultural affairs. ms. robin bernstein of florida to be u.s. ambassador to the dominican republic and the honorable edward charles prado to be the u.s. president to argentina. before me and i ranking member make our remarks, we want to recognize our colleagues who have business to attend to. i would first recognize senator john cornyn of texas who is here to introduce judge edward prado. >> it's an honor to be back before you. particularly to introduce my friend judge ed prado who has been nominated by the president to

anthony fauci, will testify about the government's preparations and response to the flu season.atch live coverage from the house energy and commerce oversight subcommittee at 10:00 a.m. eastern here on c-span3. in the afternoon, a senate panel will investigate domestic violence and child abuse in the military. our live coverage from the senate armed services committee begins at 2:15 eastern, also here on c-span3. you can also follow both hearings online at c-span.org and with the free c-span radio app. >>> this weekend on "book tv," live coverage from the tenth annual tucson festival of books, featuring author discussions and viewer call-in segments from the university of arizona. starting saturday at noon eastern. with columnist edward luce who talks about politics in his book "the retreat of western liberalism." then a discussion about the trump struggles with author of "it's even worse than you think: what the trump administration is doing to america" astronaut scott kelly talks about space exploration with his book "endurance: a year in space, a lifetime of discovery." on su

anthony fauci will testify about the government's preparations and response to the flu season. watch live coverage from the house energy and commerce oversight subcommittee at 10:00 a.m. eastern here on c-span3. in the afternoon --