rules of procedure, federal rule 55 of the federal courts.not opposing federal courts. i am saying if they have to stick within the bounds of their own federal rules, and the court of alabama is not bound to follow a decision of a federal district judge when that federal court has not been in a case before that federal judge greer there is simply no authority for that, and even a federal judge recognized that in a recent order regarding a contempt citation of a court judge. >> there, in light of the comments you made, would you talk about what the constitution means to you then? >> yes, sir, i can. the constitution of the laws of the united states, and with trainees -- treaties made shall be the supreme law of the land, and the judges of every state should be bound thereby. anything contrary notwithstanding. what that means is between the two systems, you have the state system and the federal system. the state system is different because it has the constitution above it between that and the united states -- >> there, if i could? i am sorry. i

host: is that not an argument for federal guidelines to have the federal government step in? guest: i think it would be even more confusing with levels of federal government involved. i think the same thing with government. no one knows who is responsible. guest: i think they are starting to change. leveraging is a great example. there is money coming in from the state. they are tried to do something if her in northern virginia. they've tried to make sure that those investments are measured. having much more transparency and how they choose these projects and have them compared to one another. you try to invest limited resources, you have to get the best bang for your buck. those kinds of things have to be measured against other projects. we can make those decisions and with the limited resources. we are focused on congestion relief and mobility. by shifting transportation and making it more about economic growth, we can access economic opportunity as opposed to moving things around and change in the types of projects. host: we'll go back to tennessee. don, a republican. call

governments. -- federal government. the offers came quickly. there is going to be eventually 50 places between newport news and norfolk, virginia that were either mentioned in the newspapers as possibilities are actually offered by states. the offers that came in in the summer of 1783 were very limited in size and jurisdiction. from one-mile square, over which congress would have limited jurisdiction but with places like princeton and new brunswick and newark, new jersey and williamsburg and annapolis. each offer trying to top the previous offer so that by the end of the summer, they were talking about 36 square miles. congress was not in philadelphia when the decision was made. congress informed the states in june please make your offers. we are going to make a decision the first week of october. congress was not in philadelphia because of an event. probably the most destructive event in washington, d.c. history. on june 21, a saturday, soldiers of the continental army, wearing their arms, marched on what we call indep

a federal the federal judge in richmond, james halliburton when the south seceded he resigned as federal judge and became the confederate judge. he ultimately swore in jefferson davis. norfolk felt to the forces the forces in 1862 and alexander was always in the union had the loyal government was sitting in alexandria. they have the federal had the federal courts sitting within the boards >> explained that the last civil war was all about >> it occurred 14 years after the war but it's a very appropriate description. >> his son sued the federal government for possession of the arlington estate in northern virginia in each and 79 in the federal district court. can you imagine the emotions that generated? by then the arlington estate was the how the grounds of arlington national cemetery with many union dead from the civil war. the arlington estate had been seized by the federal government for the nonpayment of taxes. the catch is that it was tough to pay because you have to pay them in person. [laughter] there were not many that wanted to show up in arlington to pay their taxes at the time

the federal open market committee continues to report that it can be patient and keeping the federal funds rate near zero. too much delay could lead to more painful correction down. what they are thinking and how they analyze this difficult problem remains a mystery. some continue some continue to dismiss calls for change or more transparency. i would argue that they're is an even greater need for additional oversight by congress and further reforms our central bank has expanded its influence on households businesses, and markets. not only pushing the boundaries of traditional monetary policy but consolidated unmatched authority as a financial regulator. as the fed grows larger and more powerful much of this authority has become more concentrated in washington dc and new york. the fed emerged from the financial crisis as a super regulator with unprecedented power of entities it had not previously overseen. with such a delegation of authority comes responsibility for congress to know the impact these knew requirements placed on our economy. the role of congress is not to serve on the

the way that our founders set up the federal system is that the federal law, the u.s. constitution strumps contrary state laws here we have a federal district court judge who said it was unconstitutional for barack obama to deny same text couples marriage licences. they are oged under the con -- obliged to follow that interpretation which is supreme, according to the u.s. constitution, over the state law. that's the way the system works. and they are no strangers to thumbing their nose at federal court orders. this is yet another example of the george walls bar the door type of activity that we have seen. >> you heard them make the point that the supreme court has not ruled. there's not uniform law yet. >> that's right, and the notion that the state of alabama, not even parties to the case, are bound by the ruling of a judge. at the end of the day, if the supreme court says the u.s. constitution makes the law unconstitutional. that prevails. it's radically different to saying all the state judiciary is bound by a ruling of a federal court judge. a federal court trial j

it was funny, a couple of weeks ago, the federal reserve twitter account tweeted fyi, the federal reserve is audited. it is funny. stephanie: doesn't it make sense the fed is frustrated. it is like you can do no right. anything you say or do not say can be used against you 24 seven -- 24/7. >> all the people who predicted hyperinflation have been wrong. it is part of the territory they are going to have to deal with. >> because republicans control both houses, maybe you will get a snowball rolling. it will be interesting to see the testimony. is there is anti-fed momentum, it will come from the republican side. there could be some movement. there is more danger than if the democrats were in control of the house. stephanie: balance sheets are strong. people are getting jobs and building houses. >> it makes a good political soundbite for the members of congress. he has come under a lot of criticism. we will see if he follows up on that. stephanie: why did she have to hold wall street's hand. stand on your own. it lets celebrate it. >> on one thing to remember is that members of congress, th

there's legislation to reduce the federal gas tax and reduce federal spending, for example. so i don't know what the republicans will propose. but i know that they're not going to go in the direction of the obama proposal i'm afraid. >> michigan, tim, democratic caller. >> caller: yes. first, i'd like to comment on some transparency that never seems to evolve. we always say if people from the cato institute, the hudson institute, and all these other think tanks. i'd like to know exactly who these guys are, what do they do, how much money do they pay? it seems to me that when i grew up, dwight eisenhower did a bang-up job as far as getting transportation moving around the country. and all we need to do is follow his formula and get rid of these paid schills. >> chris, care to respond? >> the cato institute's been around since the 1970s. we get no government funding of any sort we're privately funded by individuals mainly. we hardly get any corporate money. we get some foundation money. in a lot of ways we're modelled on the brookings institution which has been around since th

federal law does trump state law. harvard professor who is president over 90 states doesn't understand the trial court's decision on the constitutionality of a federal question is just that it's an opinion. it may be law of the case before her. it is not overturning the alabama constitution. federal law is not made by judges. that's something very basic, something speaker boehner has just referred to about the constitutional violations of this president and the supreme court. we are seeing this. those interpretations are not law. if they were then the legislature would have no role. legislators make law congress is to make law. the united states supreme court is law. we have an understanding that federal courts make law. they do not make law, sir. they make law of the case applicable to the parties before them. >> all right. this gets a lot into the weeds and this isn't a law class. you're the chief justice. i'm not a lawyer. but what if the u.s. supreme court hears the case in april and decides in june that there is

the federal open market committee continues to report that it can be patient in keeping the federal funds rate near zero. too much delay could lead to a more painful correction down the road. what the fomc is thinking and how they're analyzing this very difficult problem remains a mystery, however. and yet some continue to dismiss calls for change or more transparency at the fed. i would argue, however, that there's an even greater need for additional oversight by congress, and further reforms. our central bank is expanding its influence over households businesses, and markets in recent years. not only has it pushed the boundaries of traditional monetary policy but it's also consolidated unmatched authority as a financial regulator. as the fed grows larger and more powerful much of this authority has become more concentrated in washington, d.c., and in new york. the fed emerged from the financial crisis as a super regulator, with unprecedented power over entities that it had not previously overseen. with such a delegation of authority comes a heightened responsibility, i believe for the c

next the senate banking committee looks at community banks and federal regulations. richard shelby of alabama chairs the hearing. next the senate banking >>> the hearing will come to order. this week the committee here on banking begins an examination of potential changes to the current regulatory structure. today we will focus on regulatory relief for smaller financial institutions. in the near future we will continue this examination by focusing on unnecessary statutory and regulatory impediments across the financial services spectrum. while there are some who continue to argue that current law is beyond reproach, there are many on both sides of the aisle that believe improvements can and should be made. today we will hear from regulators on some of the lessons they've learned and how best to overcome some of the challenges that they've encountered. and although we may not agree on many things i believe that we can all agree that community banks and credit unions play a vital role in our local economies. 629 counties in the united states are served only by one sing

that takes federal regulation and some federal cooperation. we can't lose sight of the idea that states can do everything. >> i agree totally. immigration, we need to have the federal government engaged in that, and trade policy. the federal government needs to do trade policies. but whenever it comes to our job creation, when it comes to our infrastructure, we have been dependent upon the federal highway dollars. let's read figure that. there are a ways to do things differently. i don't think it is inconsistency. i think we are in agreement with that. we need to make sure that there is a clarity in the difference and responsibilities. >> governor? >> north dakota, our gdp growth over the last 10 years has been 10. 4% more than three times the national average. >> is that because of energy? >> about three or four points of that 10% has been attributable to the energy sector. the rest is other industries agricultural, technology manufacturing. our greatest challenge is managing the rapid growth of our state. one of the fastest growing economies

you talk about federalism, the majority of your state is owned by the federal government. the land issue is huge. we heard about it. it is a very important issue. it's having an effect on a lot of these states and their access to being able to drill, energy would be another big one that is a flash point that sort of ties into that. the ones that are the hottest issues and will be big issues in the upcoming presidential campaign our immigration, he talked about you tell warning to fashion this approach. i thought his expedition of that was very effective. it is a good x nation of the rationale for the lawsuit that is more than just anti-obama. now on health care issue. the obamacare brand is so classic, you definitely have seen a loosening of the willingness of the hh as to give waivers -- the hhs to give waivers. every republican has their own plan. they don't want to call it medicaid expansion or they don't want to call it obamacare. they have all their different words we heard. the utah version of that here. they are deathly trying to make it work with a really unpopular

that includes the federal district courts and the federal courts of appeals. so that's law. i'm not making it up. >> no i understand that. so are you, therefore, saying that these probate judges, and 50 of them are going to start issuing or already have issued licenses to say sex couples. are you saying they're breaking the law? >> they're breaking the alabama constitution sanctity of marriage amendment which has not been overturned by the united states supreme court. until that court acts any dispute between the state trial court's interpretation and the federal court's interpretation belongings to the united states supreme court. not the lower federal court judge. >> here's what president obama said this week about this case and what he said about you. here he is, sir. >> when federal law is in conflict with state law, federal law wins out. >> anything to say to him? >> i think the courts at the federal level will have something to say to him. >> mr. chief justice, your reaction to president obama's comments? >> well, i'd like to tell president obama that he's entirely cor

we have looked at federal death penalty's to think about what -- we have looked at federal death penalti question that out in equities and equality is about who receives the penalty. that is a process that still underway. i don't think it will be completed during my time as attorney general. >> specifically about the oklahoma system, the supreme court has agreed to review to the system of legal -- lethal injection. should there be a national moratorium on lethal injection until this case is reviewed? >> now, speaking personally, not as a member of the administration, so somehow separate yourself here. i think there are fundamental questions that we need to ask about the death penalty. i have not been shy in saying that i'm a person who is opposed to the use of the death penalty. our system of justice is the best in the world. it is comprised of men and women who do the best they can, get it right more often than not substantially more right than wrong. there's always the possibility that mistakes will be made. mistakes and determinations made by juries, mistakes in terms of the kinds of

we need to audit the federal reserve reserve. you know one of the most corrosive things we've seen over the last six years has been an easy money policy. qe-1, qe-2, qe-infinity. and i'm reminded of john edwards speech to americans. john edwards in this respect was right. another sentence rarely said this. if you go to wall street, if you go to those with wealth and power who will walk the corridors of power in the obama administration, the conventional view is easy money is great. the conventional view is we're not seeing significant inflation but i'll tell you if you go talk to working men, if you go talk to an hispanic laborer like my father was when he came to this country, if you go talk to a single mom who's waiting tables at a diner they've seen the price of milk go up the price of chicken go up the price of ground beef go up. they had seen until recently the price of gasoline go up. they've seen the price of electricity go up they've seen their health insurance they were promises a $2500 cut instead they've seen it rise o

i think that as a federal government and i'm not speaking for the federal government because i run the state of alabama but i think that you do have to look at what is the most important for our security. for our economy. for our safety. all of those things you have to look at when you look at these types of projects outside of the normal funding stream. >> thank you so much. >> thank you senator boxter. senator bosssman. thank you mr. chairman and thank you all for being here. in relation to this, can you tell us the impact of the two year bill versus a five year bill? what that does as far as certainty the necessity of the longer bill versus the two year bill? the other thing i'd like for you to think about along with that is one. frustrations we have is you know, you mention that we were number one in fra structure, if you look back at what the percentage of what the states are doing is more than it is now as opposed to what the states are doing. i think one of the frustrations that we have when we put money into the states because of the fiscal constraints with things like prisons

the federal government with the states. it has always been envisioned that they were equal partners. states should not be subservient. yet we see with this continued growth and expansion, the federal government encroaches, i believe, into the responsibilities of the states. and that is not a partisan issue, that is a --democrat, republican, independent agrees that the government is taking over too much. so let's get back to the concept of responsibility as defined in our constitution and what we've always known as called "federalism." susan: well, i am sure we will be hearing more about that practically with questions from our two guests. so, let me introduce them. reid wilson is at "the washington post." he's the govbeat reporter. he is following policy details with the states and federal government. james hohmann is at "politico," and he's a political reporter there. we're going to start with reid wilson. reid: well, governor, let's talk about federalism for a second. a huge percentage of utah and most other western state

i have to ask the majority, when did local control come to mean spend federal dollars but ditch the federal oversight? during our markup last week, and i certainly heard today, member after member arguing how removing federal standards would help local leaders make tough decisions. this is absolutely backwards. for nine years, i served on the second largest school board in california, the sixth in the nation. and i distinctly remember every school in the district making a compelling case for ex-para-- extra resources which is why, frankly, we should be debating how to increase the size of the pie that goes to education rather than only arguing on how to cut it up. i still remember particularly one board meeting agonizing over the decision to move money from one needy school to another. we had to cut our budget and we had to make a decision. in the end, the law and the safeguards around title 1 helped direct us to make sure the money went to the students that needed it most. the chair: the gentlelady's time has expired. mrs. davis: ultimately the direction in the law helps us balance competi

1879 in federal district court. can you imagine the emotions that generated? by then the arlington estate was the hollowed grounds of arlington national cemetery with many burials of union dead from the civil war. the arlington estate had been seized by the federal government for nonpayment of taxes. the catch was that it was tough to pay the taxes because you had to pay them in person. [laughter] there were not many lee's who wanted to show up in burlington to pay their taxes at the time so they went unpaid in the federal government seized the property. in actuality the court ultimately ruled in favor of the lee family but congress found out in ultimately it resulted in a congressional settlement where the federal government acquired title after paying the lee family a sum in compensation for the property. >> john fares discussion eastern district of virginia wouldn't be complete without talking about john curtis underwood. >> you know we have federal judges who have been real heroes and we have got federal judges

both the board and all of the federal reserve banks and the consolidated federal reserve system. >> so they do exist? >> they do exist. >> my last point, it's obvious to me that the audit the fed effort is to not address aweding the feth because the fed is audited and every day you publish the numbers of the things that you own and the credit facilities that you put in place during an emergency. all of that is audited now. to me it's an attempt to allow congress to be able to put pressure on fed's members relative to monetary policy and i would just advocate that will not be a particularly good idea and would cause us to put off tough decisions for the future like we are currently doing with budgetary matters, do you agree with that? >> i strongly agree. as i indicated -- well, let me say more generally, if you look around the globe in modern times and you consider every country that has gone through a period of chronic high inflation or hyperinflation, what you will find is a central bank that was pressured to print money by politicians who are unable to balance the budget. >> i thank

i have to ask the majority, when did local control come to mean spend federal dollars but ditch the federal oversight? during our markup last week, and i certainly heard today, member after member arguing how removing federal standards would help local leaders make tough decisions. this is absolutely backwards. for nine years, i served on the second largest school board in california, the sixth in the nation. and i distinctly remember every school in the district making a compelling case for ex-para-- extra resources which is why, frankly, we should be debating how to increase the size of the pie that goes to education rather than only arguing on how to cut it up. i still remember particularly one board meeting agonizing over the decision to move money from one needy school to another. we had to cut our budget and we had to make a decision. in the end, the law and the safeguards around title 1 helped direct us to make sure the money went to the students that needed it most. the chair: the gentlelady's time has expired. mrs. davis: ultimately the direction in the law helps us balance competi

caltrain progress for the federal approval those were prepared and approved in december of 2011 as i indicated previously we were going to replace 3 bridges and rieftsd 5 we've received the environmental approval in december of 2012 as we went ahead and studied did engineering in particular, the soil analysis we realized it was going to be an expensive project with an inherent risk it would require expensive construction and you see the steep hillside construction frankly when we started to we were the bidding community we found that frankly not a lot of people want to bid this in terms of meeting the federal requirements we prepared the analysis because that project cost was something we wanted to see if we could lower and minimize the risk of construction and frankly, we've done just that we went to the analysis study that exclude the contractors as well as engineering experts they are recommendation to shift hillcrest road to the north and frankly push the roads into the hillside and build a tiered retaining wall this will approve the retrofitting and tida it will require addition

here we have a federal judge backed up by the united states supreme court saying federal law says, letpeople get married. a state judge cannot stop that. that's not complicated. that's pretty simple as far as i'm concerned. >> here's where i'm going to tell you it is complicated because everything in a court of law gets argued by interpretation. and i'll only say this. i'm not a lawyer, but i heard what that justice was saying. he said that the federal judge gave the ruling to the attorney general in alabama but that the ag isn't responsible for probate court. >> the ag is representing -- the ag was representing the state of alabama. that's why the ag was sued. the probate judges work for the state of alabama. there is no meaningful distinction between the attorney general and the probate judges. that's where moore among other places is wrong. >> so ultimately, what's going to happen here? today we have judge meeting judge in court. effectively is this going to be open and shut simple and go a little further and tell me what will happen to chief justice roy moore. >> i think it's going

. >> very good the items passes on to the next item and item 4 federal and state update on action item. >> great, thank you good morning chairman and members happy to be here i have a brief presentation on one particular bill we're recommending the masking support we're taking a recommendation i wasn't planning on covering those and couple of other things to update you on transpiring no sacramento. >> you want to identify user. >> i'm mark watts recommending the transportation board in sacramento. >> ab one 94 on page 4 of our masking mr. the gentleman is the chair he introduced this is as the rerequest from the coalition pardons to the and hot lay currently treasures a statute that the authority the statute is not effective a new sunset date has expired that rethat status and defines the regional definition for the san francisco bay area that authority resides with the m t c and must excludes the requirement they must consultant with the county jurisdiction in which the proposed project is located this is similar to legislation that emerged last summer that failed passage about had qu

that a third of federal lands. the sage greenhouse, a one-size-fits-all policy will not -- in montana we have a lot of checkered boarding. we have federal lands and i hope you will allow the states to work on that and not have a one-size-fits-all edict coming out -- edict come frgget federal government. does the administration have a plan to increase oil and gas development on federal lands and if so is there a specific goal? >> thank you, senator. i'm going to quickly respond on a number of other things you mentioned before. i bent to fort park. i've been to crow and eastern montana, not just western montana, and i very much appreciate the challenges that many of the tribes face. we're working on a hydroproject with the crow. they're frustrated with the bureau of land management and the treaty rights are -- i'm committed to upholding those as i'm sure the tribes will tell you. >> yep. >> as it relates to energy development, we don't have a specific goal on what the energy development is but we do want to facilitat

federal penalties because i believe there is federal jurisdiction. improved ability for the government to collect statistical data because i agree with many of you that there's too little factual and evidence based information about it. and provided resources to the federal government to give to the states for training technical assistance, pilot grant programs in developing best practices, the kind of support that a number of our colleagues have referred to. i'm pleased to be working with senator ayotte on that legislation hoping to reintroduce it soon. the area that i'd like to focus on which, in a sense is the elephant in the room, is underreported. the shame and stigma that causes so many of these cases to be unreported. the feelings of embarrassment. and excuses. and sometimes love for relatives. children or others who are actually exploited. there is a combination of feelings that result in this underreporting, and i want to thank you miss quinn for including in your citation some of the numbers here, which are really staggering. elder abuse is

the growth in federal spending is not coming from a growth across the board in federal programs, is a handful of large programs. the other parts of the budget as i said earlier are getting smaller relative to the gdp and that damps some of the effects of the growing spending. so it is a combination of these factors but the trend is clearly for rising deficit for reasons that are very well understood by analysts for decades. >> david, reuters. could you clarify your status? are you a contender for the job as chairman? >> my current status is to be the director of cbo. my term ended on january 3 but under the budget act of 1974 directors can continue to serve until after the terms of expired until new directors are appointed. and i like the job a lot so i am continuing to serve. i expect to do that, unless and until a new directors appointed. whether a new director will be appointed and one that would occur, i do not know. and i will not be the first person to go on the first person to tell you. that decision -- to know or the first person to tell you. that decision rests with the senat

of the federal open market committee.r a rotating vice chairmanship of the federal open market committee as well as a stronger role for regional banks on the committee. do you support any of mr. fisher's proposals and why or why not? >> senator shelby i think the current structure of the federal open market committee and the voting structure was decided on by congress a long time ago after weighing a whole variety of considerations about the need for control in washington and importance of regional representation. it's of course something that congress could, if it wished revisit but i would say that it's worked very well. we have a broad range of opinion that's represented at the table and active debates. the decision to appoint the president of the new york fed is vice chair, reflected the reality that the new york fed conducts open market operations on behalf of the system and has special and deep expertise pertaining to financial markets and i think that's worked well and continues to be true that there is special exp

the federal government also plays an important role in providing leadership to combat this problem. the elder justice coordinating council led by the department of health and human services has brought together 12 federal agencies to coordinate efforts to protect older individuals from abuse including financial exploitation. i also want to acknowledge the critical role played by state regulatory agencies and i am particularly pleased to welcome to our hearing judith shaw who served as securities administrator for the state of maine. maine i'm happy to say is on the cutting-edge of helping to combat -- through programs like the innovative senior safe program which is the first of its kind in the nation. i won't preempt her testimony by describing it but i think it provides a model for many states. financial exploitation knows no socioeconomic boundaries. victims range from seniors who have very modest financial means to those who have amassed great wealth. for example the daughter of the maine senior sold her mother's home and moved her into a camper into her backyard. as if that wer

but at the federal level we required background checks for all federally licensed gun dealers beginning with the brady act in 1994. that is the only piece of federal legislation at this time. >> host: from someone from the eric city have more regulation with gun ownership than virginia become in purchase a firearm? >> not legally. the idea at the station have the ability to regulate firearms it is public safety >> you have to be a resident of the state that you lived in and purchases in that state? >> for handguns yes. for long guns in the bordering state economic of purchase but for the handgun you can only purchase within the state that you reside. >> host: here in the washington area their land and d.c. have stricter gun laws in the state of virginia. how does that work? >> again you cannot go to the different states but we do see a pattern within this area regionally but off you can see more broadly across the united states. with less comprehensive measures for accountability measures like background checks if there is no accountability measures you can make a lot of money on the ma

at the same time, we need to get the waste out of federal spending. this does not mean sacrificing essential services, nor that we need to destroy the system is of benefits that flow to the poor, the sickly, and the handicapped. we have long committed to ourselves to helping those around us who cannot help themselves. the federal government has proven to be the costliest and most inefficient that we could have. we must put an end to the arrogance of a federal thousand bags of more gain for our condition, you cannot give us a fair estimate of her situation and utterly refuses to live within its means. i will not accept the supposed wisdom which has it that the federal bureaucracy has become so powerful that it can no longer be changed or controlled by any industry should. as president i would use every power of my command to make the federal establishment respond to the will and collective wishes of the people. we must force the entire federal bureaucracy to live in the world of reduce spending streamline functions, and accountability to the people it

the need for federal action becomes clearer each day. last month president obama voiced his support for data breach notification legislation with strong language in part because he recognizes the benefits to american consumers and businesses of a predictable uniform data breach notice. the president's support along with bipartisan congressional interest has renewed optimism among stake holders that congress can develop a balanced and thoughtful approach with legislation in the near term. today we'll focus our attention on some of the key questions and topics of this debate, including what are the benefits of a national breach notification standard should should congress implement a basic data security standard? to whom should that standard apply? should the federal standard preempts state standards? what should be the trigger for notification? the specific conditions that represent a potential harm to consumers. should there be exemptions and safe harbors? if so, for who? and what circumstances? within what time frame should a company be

the federal system has failed. why are liberals in washington so afraid to turn welfare decision-making over to our governors and state legislatures? there is already considerable evidence that they can do much better. affirmative action is another federal policy out of control. discrimination is wrong, immoral. this is america. we should have a color blind society. [applause] but fighting discrimination should never be used to divide americans by race, ethnic background, or gender. there is one area where the federal government must work in partnership with our state and local governments -- and that area is crime. today, a criminal committing a serious crime has less than a 10% chance of going to jail. and once in jail that criminal will serve only a fraction of his sentence. we should put an end to parole for violent offenders. we should put limits on the endless and often frivolous appeals clogging our courts. we should remove teenagers who commit serious, violent crimes from juvenile courts and try them as adu

but federal resources for weatherization have been trimmed, as well. at the height of the federal stimulus program, community action opportunities had an annual budget of $3.9 million to weatherize 200 homes a year. but today, the budget's down to $1 million, and the group can only work on 100 homes annually. and while there are no firm figures on how many homes need insulating, the group says its waitlist has only grown. in a time of belt-tightening, bill murdock at eblen charities says there will always come a point when government assistance dollars just dry up and private nonprofits have to fill in the gaps. >> we don't feel we have that opportunity-- that luxury, for the lack of a better word-- to say, "we can't do anything sorry, we've helped you all we could," when we know we're going to go home and be warm tonight and they're not. >> reporter: betty lanning credits bill murdock and eblen charities for keeping her and her granddaughter together. what would she do without them? >> i don't know. i would have to move my granddaughter in with somebo

right now the federal incentives in education are wrong. because of this, too many schools are designed in large part as my may was, to get students to do well on a one-time test. where as schools should organize themselves around student learning. making the tests the curriculum harms all students. but it does the most harm to those with the lowest skills. when i taught seniors in the bronx, i worked with the highest performing students to help prepare them for college. we read philosophical tests ranging from conte and wrote and revised college level essays. at the same time i worked with the lowest performing students who had yet to pass the state tests. with them, we did mindless test prep. and even though i was really good at it, getting 100% of those students to pass their exams in my final year doing it i was doing the students no favors. i think to this day about tee, a senior who could hardly write and struggled to read. she passed the test but she was not -- she was still not ready for the community college work she encountered th

does the current federal ruling appear to compel these federal probate judges or just allow them to issue> the latest wrinkle is there will be a hearing tomorrow on that very question. this is the summons that's been issued. look closely at it. it's directed to one of the probate judges in mobile county. it says a lawsuit has been filed against you. so this is the latest tactic that the lawyers for the same-sex couples are using to try to settle this question. here is the legal point. the judge herself, who ordered the state to stop its ban on same-sex marriage the judge herself said in a clarifying ruling, it's true my ruling does not directly compel the probate judges to do anything. they're in the judicial branch. her ruling was addressed to the executive branch specifically the attorney general. the point being, however, is that while ray moore, the alabama supreme court justice that you're looking at there, while he's told these probate judges they must obey the alabama constitution which bans same-sex marriage those same judges take an oath to the federal constitution and you have a

both the board and all of the federal reserve banks and the consolidated federal reserve system. >> so they do exist? >> they do exist. >> my last point, it's obvious to me that the audit the fed effort is to not address aweding the feth because the fed is audited and every day you publish the numbers of the things that you own and the credit facilities that you put in place during an emergency. all of that is audited now. to me it's an attempt to allow congress to be able to put pressure on fed's members relative to monetary policy and i would just advocate that will not be a particularly good idea and would cause us to put off tough decisions for the future like we are currently doing with budgetary matters, do you agree with that? >> i strongly agree. as i indicated -- well let me say more generally, if you look around the globe in modern times and you consider every country that has gone through a period of chronic high inflation or hyperinflation what you will find is a central bank that was pressured to print money by politicians who are unable to balance the budget. >> i thank y