can we see like the flash of the spirit in present day, in not only the black community in the united states but kind of around the world. >> that's the art historian. you heard thompson in there, didn't you? >> yes, sir. i'd like to take a course from you after i take one from dr. carr, ma'am. my goodness, meaning making in one second, gentlemen, at the mic, yes, sir. >> my name is robert harris, professor emeritus from cornell university. and i'd like to say on emmett scott's book, i also thought of emmett scott as being very conservative but he doesn't pull any punches in his study of black soldiers in world war i. two questions, number one, i wish you'd speak a little bit about the military directive that the united states army circulated during world war i, cautioning, especially the french, from fraternizing with african-american soldiers. what do you mean by modern black identity. could you expand on that? >> just think, we have all of five minutes. this should be a piece of cake for these two gentlemen. do you want to do meaning making or identity first? >> well, i'll do the three of them in five minutes. first of all, stay informed. and speak out. because tha