largest single piece, the supplemental nutrition assistance program formally known as food stamps, unemployment compensation, veterans benefits, federal civilian and military retirement benefits, transportation, health research, education and training and other programs. that whole collection of programs has incurred spending averaging 11.5% of gdp during the past 40 years. with expected improvement in the economy and the new caps on discretionary spending, it falls in our projection by 2021 to less than 8% of gdp, the lowest share in more than 40 years. under current law and in our baseline projection. putting those pieces together including interest payments between 1971 and 2010, as shown by the left pair of bars in the figure, federal spending averaged about 21% of gdp. under current law for 2021, as shown by the right pair of bars, cbo projects it to grow to about 23% of gdp. alternatively if the laws governing social security and the major health care programs were unchanged and all other programs were operated in line with their average relationship to the size of the economy during the past 40 years, federal spending would be much higher i