ford. he details how his approach to foreign rights factored into foreign policy and how environmental issues influenced domestic policy. he also reflects on president ford's pardon of richard nixon, in light of current events. >>> good evening. welcome to the ford presidential museum. my name is joel westfall and it is my honor to welcome you here. we are pleased to have you with us for tonight's program. tonight the featured speaker is scott kaufman, who is a francis marion board of trustees scholar and chair of the history department where he teaches american diplomatic and military history. he earned his doctorate at ohio university. the other ohio university. in 2014, kaufman was awarded a ford presidential foundation research travel grant. much of the research from this book he wrote came from the archives and manuscript collections of the ford library in ann arbor and for the assistance of his son steve. he is the co-author of 11 books on u.s. and foreign policy and diplomacy and his

ford. he focuses on the watergate investigation and questions of control over nixon's secretly recorded white house tapes. as well as issues surrounding ford's pardon of nixon. they moved the classes online due to the coronavirus pandemic and video is courtesy of the school. >> guys, we are ready to start. thanks for your patience and for logging in to class again today remotely during this unpleasant coronavirus situation which will hopefully pass soon. i'm glad to see you are all well and also that you've safely moved out of the dorms. i took a little walk through campus today. since we're social distancing here, dr. coopey isn't here with me in the room but she's there with you on zoom video. say hello. there she is. she can answer any questions about your papers afterward online. today we get into one of my favorite chapters in the whole year, and that is the chapter on richard nixon followed by gerald ford in this presidents and constitution book. the nixon chapter was written by the l

susan ford bales is the daughter of president gerald ford and betty ford. she reflects on her family's time in the white house with former abc news white house correspondent and compton. they focus on first lady betty ford and her impact on american society. the white house historical association hosted this event and provided the video. doesn't it always seen that the most greatest chaos chaotic time in our

betty ford will be the great love of gerald ford's life. betty ford is not his first love. however, phyllis brown is a professional model younger than he she's about 21 years old, but she's one of the top models in new york city. the coaches have an term for her have a name for her. they call her pb brown perfect body, brown and and ford is competing for her attention and he he says that in order to compete for her attention. he has to take on her interests and her interests largely revolve around his strength, which is sports. she plays tennis. she plays golf and she skis all of these things are rather new to gerald ford, but he takes them up and he becomes more than proficient at each one of them and by that means he's able to catch her eye and and they date such that by 1938. it's presumed that they are going to be trade he brings her back to michigan for a couple of summers. he visits her parents up in maine they attend. any number of events and broadway plays in new york she goes out on modeling shoots. he follows her on those shoots in at times. he ends up in the maga

and ford is competing for her attention.says that in order to compete for her attention, he has to take on her interests. and it involves sports. she plays tennis and golfs and skis, and all of these things are relatively new to gerald ford, but he takes them up, and he becomes more than proficient by each one of them, and by that, he is able to catch her eye, and they date such that by 1938, it is presumed that they are going to be married. he brings her back to michigan for a couple of summers, and he visits is her parents up in maine, and they attend broadway plays in new york, and he follows her to modeling shoots, and he ends up in magazines with her. and this is one of the shoots where she is on the slopes in vermont and he is there with her. and gerald ford opens up a broadening of the vision. he sees west coast, and she introduces him to a large part of it. and she is able to guide him through the experiences in new york city. she is urbane and witty, and he is midwestern, and if not applauding at least stallid in hi

ford. it was largely because he had that reputation of being able to work together with people of differing ideas, and to make reasonable conclusions. and he became one of the seven warren commission commissioners. he and another guy named jackstyljack styles worked together on the portrait of the assassination, and it is not the portrait of an assassin, because we believed firmly there was no evidence that was brought to the commission that would refute that finding. he remained open to other evidence that might prove otherwise that might counter that commission's contention, but during his lifetime, he never saw any that was, that could conclusively show that it was alone that would have him act for his identity. what he is known for is being able to move legislation on capitol hill, and to be able to craft the coalitions and it is that reputation that moves him forward in conversations about leadership. so in 1964, ford mounts a campaign against charlie hallic, and by a narrow margin, he

and gerald ford went off to war. for almost two years the aircraft carrier monterey would take him across 40 mousse miles of the pacific. his experience in ten major patless would change his perception of the world and his nation's place in it. he had seen too much of the world to believe that it would go away or that america could bury her head in the sand. >> i always felt that i was a moderate to conservative republican. i felt very strongly that the united states had to have an internationalist foreign policy. >> for the internationalist chose a hut for his headquarters in his uphill challenge of isolationist incumbent youngman. at stake was michigan's fifth district and the future of her party and his country. the red, white and blue kwan set caught people's attention and they listened to the young lawyer and war veteran as he stumped the whole district taking on the republican establishment. when the votes were counted in november 1948 ford had won the first of 13 terms in congress. and that's not all he won th

ford is a natural selection. it's not he's not nixon's first choice, but he is a solid choice for richard nixon ford. however because of his coalition building because of his work because of his reputation on capitol hill. is an easy selection carl albert the speaker of the house tells richard nixon i can get you jerry ford if you want jerry ford nixon's makes that choice ford goes through an extended investigation background investigation because even as he's selected there is this whirlwind of controversy surrounding richard nixon over the matter of watergate nefarious activities that had taken place during the 1972 election and before involving secret tapes bugging of opposition offices and a number of other issues that many people believed the president himself had been involved in what he what nixon was involved in was obstructing the investigation into that. so even as nick's are even as ford is being investigated for the vice presidency. there are a number on capitol hill who believe that they're choosing

ford museum. that night, he gets back to washington, briefs president ford and ford schedules that press conference for the next day. neither of them slept much that night. the next morning at 8:30, which is 5:30 california time, ron ziggler called and said, he changed his mind. he is not going to sign that statement. he wants to go back to the original statement, the statement that basically blamed it on the staff. becker said, that's fine. i will tell president ford and i'm sure he will just plan to cancel the press conference for today. ziggler backed off. exactly 11:00 in the morning, president ford sat behind his desk in the oval office and granted the pardon which you saw on that video. what you couldn't tell on the other end of the camera watching that whole time was benton becker. one of the few people who knew everything that happened here. so i'm going to show you now a brief clip that tom brokaw, the iconic news anchor for nbc, did for us when we did the event for the 40th anniversary i

decker -- becker found a phone to call ford, ford was angry. he said i am ready to give this guy a pardon that could foreclose any chance of me ever becoming presidents in my own right. he is not even going to agree to these basic things. so he says, give them one more day, and that is it. if it does not happen now, it is never going to happen. so, the next day, the nixon team kind of does the same little dance around. they drafted a letter of acceptance from nixon for the pardon. it said something that was in the third person, it said, the white house staff did some terrible things, it did not serve me well. as president. so not even a hint of contrition, that is what ford was looking for. backer was livid, he went out and found a phone, he called for a government plane. he suspected that the knicks and people were booking the phone, which they were. he called and let it be known, he was going to be leaving. he went into see them and he said, i talk to president ford, this negotiation is over today. if we don't work these out, and i walk out o

>> susan ford bales is the daughter of president gerald ford and betty ford. she reflects on her family's time in the white house with former abc news white house correspondent ann compton. they focus on first lady betty ford and her impact on american society. the white house historical association hosted this event and provided the video. >> doesn't it always seem that the most chaotic time in our country is right now, the greatest risks and the greatest challenges. well, that isn't really true. when i was first assigned to come to washington by abc news in 1974 the nation was deeply divided in protests over the vietnam war, the economy was wrecked with inflation and for the only time in american history a u.s. president resigned in disgrace. it was at that moment that abc news gave me the great honor of assigning me to the white house to what came next. it was the administration of gerald ford and with that came, of course, the energy and the grace of betty ford. on the eve of mother's day we're going to explore those memories with her daughter susan ford b

up next we tour the gerald ford

betty ford i really got know well. and i must say, perhaps breaking the boundaries of professionalism, really came to love as a friend. i visited her many times at her home in the desert before president ford became very frail. and of course he died at the end of -- i think it was 2005 or 2006. but mrs. ford had a great love of history, and a love of the history of first ladies, and spoke often with her affection for pat nixon. so although between the two of them they only represent eight years in the white house, and of course in recent times, from bill clinton to george w. bush to barack obama, we have had this unusual historical currents of three consecutive president sees of eight years, last time that happens was jefferson, madison and monroe. i think pat nixon and betty ford served in the white house at a time of enormous change, and they were agents of a gentle turn towards the future. thank you very much. [ applause ] >> well done. thank you carl. carl has agreed to take a couple of questions. so we will do tha

ford reports earnings on wednesday. and professor khouw has a way to play those results buckle up, we're breaking down that trade >>> plus, calling all options action fans, reach into your pocket and tweet us your action at options action. if it is nice, we'll answer it on air when "options action" returns. ♪ watch the olympic games on xfinity ♪ ♪ root for team usa and feel the energy ♪ ♪ 7000 plus hours of the olympics on display ♪ ♪ with xfinity you get every hour of every day ♪ ♪ different sports on different screens ♪ ♪ you can watch it anywhere ♪ ♪ and with the voice remote ♪ ♪ you never have to leave your chair ♪ show me team usa. ♪ all of this innovation could lead to some inspiration ♪ ♪ and you might be the next one to represent our nation ♪ ♪ this summer on your tv, tablet, or any screen ♪ ♪ xfinity is here to inspire your biggest dreams ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ >>> welcome back to "options action." if you have not been paying attention, you should have been. shares of ford have been on fire this year. up nearly 60%. like

and later, forget ford versus ferrari. mike khouw is plugging into a car race, the one name he's betting on to take the checkered flag it is time to risk less and make more "options action" starts right now. >>> it seems like a big show, right. it certainly is. let's kick things off. because look at that a multi-trillion dollars countdown. some of the names that are reporting next week are earnings in fact, check this the five biggest companies in the entire market on deck to report next week and some of the stocks sitting at all-time highs an the chart master said these heavy hitters could test this record rally carter, why do you say that? what are you watching? >> sure, so just for a fact, what we know is that it is fairly rare for the five largest tocks to report in the same week and the joint history of these five, apple, microsoft, google, facebook, amazon, only five other times in ten years have they reported in the same week but holding that side, what it really means is it all depends on how these stocks do let's

phil lebeau on ford. tim seymour, what'd you make of the quarter and also the commentary about inflationary pressures will persist or could persist into 2022? >> welcome to the club who hasn't told us that, and look, ford got out there already and they've talked about the units, 700,000 units in q2 in terms of affected by semis and whatnot. he also mentioned that the order book, i think the term was spring loaded. for investors the thesis is the following. ford, yeah, we know about the f-150, very exciting jpmorgan i quote them, this isn't my quote, ford now appears to be progressing more quickly toward fully autonomous driving than tesla, with its 9.7 times multiple versus tesla's 100. that's great stuff, but the most important thing is that ford is profitable, and higher warranty costs, losses in europe, losses in latin america are a thing of the past this is a company that's run very well, so you have enormous exposure to autonomous and ev, but you have a company that's profitable at a time when the au

shares of ford have been on fire this year. up nearly 60%.ford tough it is time now for the call to action mike, take it away with your take on ford >> yeah, so we have this company reporting next week. you know, steve grasso mentioned in the last half hour that he was concerned about basically the supply situation you go to dealer lots, there i not a lot of cars out there. he's been waiting for his ford bronco but here is the thing. the chip shortage and the other basically supply chain problems that the automakers have been facing in leaving the lots emmy hasn't hurt them as badly as we might think and the reason is that we're basically into the lowest discounting period for auto sales in a long time. they haven't had to offer big rebates and so the margins that they're getting even though they're selling fewer cars have improved ford is also doing a great job positioning themselves for the ev space now, the match-e is compelling, but the important one is going to be what is going to happen in the light duty truck segment the f-150 lightnin

chadds ford.s also got, though, responsibility for the three forts farther to the north or the right of the american line. this is colonel david hall, the colonel of the delaware regiment, about 200, maybe 250 troops detached from sullivan watching jones' ford. they're a good mile, maybe mile and a half above britain's ford. the next two fords of the north are being watched by the french canadians. there's about 300 of these guys and they're split with 150 of them at wister's ford. and 150 of them at another ford. sullivan also has a two-gun artillery battery with him at britain's fort. look at the position he's responsible for. he's the right flank of the army, spread out over, between five and six miles from where moses hazen's guys are at buffington's ford. it's a very large front he's watching. remember he only has 1,800 troops total and only a little over 500 are on the right flank. spread out over like five miles. he has two questionable brigade commanders. he's exceptionally vulnerable to a

witnesses from ford's theater were brought here. stanton question them a union army soldier who knew a kind of shorthand sat at this table with stanton. and took the first testimony of witnesses who saw john wilkes booth murder the president. and so stanton spent most of the night here at a table in this room sending telegrams to army commanders in new york and throughout the northeast to organize the manhunt from john wilkes booth. throughout the night. he sent messengers from this room to the war department telegraph office and from that office messages were brought back here. so this room really became the command post for the entire army of the united states under the secretary of war while lincoln was dying in the back bedroom. stanton was one of lincoln's favorites. he had an iron will lincoln called him his mars or god of war even though they didn't get along well before the election stanton once humiliated lincoln at a trial. they staffed together lincoln knew he was his right hand. he once said that stanton really was the t

guest: the ford foundation is a large social justice philanthropy. its mission is to tackle inequality in all of its forms. the future of workers program is aimed at looking at how we can ensure and support advocates on the front lines and business leaders eager to use their position to drive change. to reimagine work that empowers workers and compels players to take appropriate responsibility for worker conditions and living standards and urge lawmakers to enact effective policies to fill any gaps. host: i suppose you have been looking at the impacts of the pandemic, particularly on workers. what have you seen over the last year and a half? what's the impression that your organization is getting about where workers are? guest: let me say, first of all, it's clear to us that the pandemic has revealed really important issues for working people. everything from the importance and need for a care infrastructure in our country and the need to address wages and better working conditions and the quality of jobs of it -- available for workers, to really add

ford, but also popularized the scarf. and so the next car actually became one of those trademark icons of this particular first lady, and in many photographs of better you forward, you will see that she's wearing a scarf. she also had a preference for the low cut mandarin collar, chinese style dress. and there was a very important reason for this. of course, a month after she became first lady, she discovered that she had breast cancer. and it required surgery, the removal of one of her breasts. she told the american cancer society that once a person who has had breast cancer is elated, of course, to discover that their life has been saved, that there is a second part to dealing with breast cancer, and that was the sense of the stigma of some kind of disfigurement. so she pointed out that she liked to wear low cut dresses as a way of evidence-ing that it did not mean a woman was unable to wear whatever she wanted. and she discussed it publicly, and continued to wear this particular style. of course, because there was new

they became stockholders in ford motor company.hey have a car named after them nowadays because they wanted to build her own car as well. all of these people coming together, sort of the silicon valley of its era. henry ford was the son of a major farmer, in the dearborn area. his father had friends, and one was eventually mayor of detroit, and other business leaders. but henry ford did not want to be a farmer. he was more interested in machinery. one of his heroes was thomas edison. he eventually got to detroit and started working for the edison illuminating company. in his spare time, he tinkered with wanting to build his own motor, and build his own car. personal transportation in the time when henry ford got started here in detroit included the horse and buggy. we also had streetcars at that time, that operated. and there were things called inter--urbans, railways that would connect one city area to another, as opposed to the big railroads. so it was not very well developed. you had bicycles, too. that was a major form of trans

ford saying they're going to slow production in a number of their plants, at least six in the uniteda result of this ongoing chip supply problem. back to you. >> geoff, thank you for the update >>> much more ahead here, including a live look at the legacy of princess diana on what would have been her 60th birthday. >>> the major change announced on compensating college athletes fries... and return with just one who are you? and how do you do that? ba da ba ba ba for people who could use a lift new neutrogena® rapid firming. a triple-lift serum with pure collagen. 92% saw visibly firmer skin in just 4 weeks. neutrogena® for people with skin. you try to stay ahead of the mess but scrubbing still takes time. now there's dawn powerwash dish spray. it's the faster way to clean as you go. just spray, wipe and rinse. it cleans grease five times faster. dawn powerwash now available in free & clear. i felt awful because of my psoriasis. i was covered from head to toe with it. it really hurt. then i started cosentyx. okay, thanks... that was four years ago. how are you? see me. cosentyx works

host: the organization is the ford foundation.hank you so much for your time toda >> today marks the six-month anniversary of the jenny attack on the west capital. more than 140 u.s. capitol police officers were injured and two people died during be pushed by demonstrators as they marched on the capital to stop the electoral college count of the 2020 presidential election. c-span marks the anniversary by showing the senate hearing on what happened that day and why, tonight at 8:00 eastern. >> next, chinese president xi jinping delivers remarks on the hundred anniversary of the chinese communist party. he talks about the strength of the chinese people, resilience of the military and warned against foreign interference, telling a crowd of thousands that chinese will not be bullied by foreign forces. he also is the secretary general of the committee. >> general secretary of the commonest party, chinese president -- communist

mile north, where almost the rest of the army is basically stacked around chad's ford. he's also got responsibility for the three fords farther to the north or right of the american line. this is colonel david hall, the colonel of the delaware regimen. about 280, 250 troops. that from sullivan watching jones's fort a good mile and half above the fort and the french canadas are under the french canadians are under the command of -- it they're split. sullivan has a two-gun artillery battle with him. look at the position he's responsible for. he's the right flank in the army. he's spread out over between five and six miles from where moses hayes guys are at buffington ford back to britain ford there's a very long front he's watching and only has 1800 troops total. only 500 are on the right flank spread over 5 miles. he has two very questionable brigade commanders and is exceptionally vulnerable. so what happens on the morning of the battle? most of the morning sullivan is not involved. for those unfamiliar with the battle of brandywine. william house splits the army into t

typical options trader next up, edison's buddy, henry ford started this company. it is called ford and they make cars an trucks their numbers are delivered on wednesday. ford, by the way, up more than 10% since its last report. steve grasso, trade or fade? >> right now out of the chute, it is a fade, brian. so play that music nah. when you look at the stock chart on this, depending on where you start from or where you finish, june to july was down 22% as much as 22%. currently down 16% we just heard from gm, it is not that easy to transition to an ev company. i ordered the new bronco, i still can't get the new bronco, brian. and that is not an ev car. imagine when their trying to get the chips to convert themselves from the traditional ford to the ev side, this is something where i think the stock got way ahead of itself. i'm a value guy as of late, i like the price action in it but it is off the recent ehighs so i'm going to stake with the ahh ruling on the stock. >> until you get the bronco. we'll see what happened. pete, trade it or fade it? >> absolutely trade

ford is a loyalty model now. ford has the second best selling ev, the mustang, they're actually making money on it. the conference call, other than adam jonas, no one knew what the hell he was talking about. what he's talking about is orders it's tesla he has orders like you wouldn't believe for his cars and trucks. and it's amazing david, can you hear me over there? come closer because it's a big deal there and i know that you obviously we talked many times about your support of the stock through a great period it's moving up further today you love farly. >> everybody keeps saying how much money are you losing on this he doesn't sell if it doesn't make money china, they're not losing any money in china anymore i am so impressed with what farley's doing that i hesitate to say it could have a 2011 run where it went to 18 when they had an earnings surprise it's been all downhill for the last ten years, and he is talking about having the -- car and driver truck of the year, orders for the f-150 electric, they're goi

, gerald ford, very good quality. the university of michigan. the first newspaper as far as dwight eisenhower, in 1912 i believe, profiling him as a future all-american at west point. to complete the baseball story, he probably didn't play it seriously but accepting money for any kind of game 1909-1910 was an example, gerald ford, was potentially a problem. the man by the name of red patterson invented the tape measure home run in baseball, great pr guy for the giants, somebody who concluded his career with the california angels. we used to go to california a lot in the late 70s. the giants in 1947 he was assigned to a company for a game and he said that he confronted general eisenhower, for several years, we understand you played under the alias of wilson. our records show two wilson's, which one are you? he said the one who can hit. and look at the camper state league there were two wilson's in that league, what was the first baseman, 285 in the first year and 340 the second year. they are great athletes and that ho

he served in that role twice, first under president gerald ford and then for president george w. u.s. invasion of afghanistan after 9/11 and then the war in iraq. >>> former president trump blasted the biden administration's immigration policies during a trip to the southern border in texas. mr. trump was joined by republican lawmakers during yesterday's visit. the former president blamed the current administration for making the border crisis worse. since march apprehensions have hit the highest levels since at least 2000. mr. trump also continued to make false statements about the 2020 election. >> we have a sick country in many ways, it's sick in elections, and it's sick in the border. if you don't have good elections and if you don't have a strong border, you don't have a country. >> mr. trump was invited to visit south texas by republican governor greg abbott. >>> a california woman who falsely accused a black teenager of taking her cell phone inside a new york hotel is now facing felony hate crime charges. surveillance video from last december shows 22-year-old miya ponsett

you have it now, if you get with magna, suddenly ford calls you, can you do it?d a collaboration with toyota. we had a concept in 2019 that takes one platform for their entire variety of models, people movers, cargo, logistics, you name it. a couple of months ago, we signed a strategic alliance to take it to production. a few weeks ago, we announced a collaboration with the poindexter group, about two-thirds of the u.s. market with vans and commercial vehicles. >> unfortunately, we have to wrap it up i find your situation an incredibly intriguing one. come back, and bring it with you, when this covid thing ends. we'll go outside, and you can show me how it works thank you. >> thank you for having me. >> just a pleasure daniel burel, of ree automotive. it's a $3 billion company. and the website is brilliant "mad money" is back after the break. >> coming up next -- cramer is bringing the thunder and answering your burning questions in today's edition of the lightning round. ♪♪ we've all felt this gap. the distance between what is, and what could be. while he's tapp

in the age of 88 this weekend he served for presidents including the defense secretary for gerald fordh. ms. rumsfeld appeared of up to be in 2011 to learn about his memoir known and unknown and here's a look at the program. >> we have this gathering because secretary rumsfeld because i've been getting much attention. so we thought that we would make up for that violates having one event and i know you're not doing anything else. [laughter] to make sure that we can get this book the attention it deserves. it is appropriate for us here in the national constitution center because one of the things of the founder, we are serious about was unlikely james in europe they were starting this country to be and make sure that we had a record of our leaders and what they thought about what they did in office read and also they have the record it would be open as soon as possible. >> and get them to quiet down. [laughter] >> and everyone here,. >> there's so much noise. [laughter] >> yes. it's a fake, people try to get upstairs see would like to hear us. [laughter] in any case, we americans have a

ford. the provisions you highlighted, given the kind of ongoing and ever widening corruption scandal out of dpw, does this statement of incompatible activities capture those activities we think should be restricted or otherwise addressed in sia of this nature? >> my approach in looking at this sia and any sia is to see if it's in line with other sia's. i think any new policies the commission would want to pursue, the sia is not the ideal vehicle for that. the ideal for new policies is to put it in the code or regulation so it applies uniformly across the board to all departments. unfortunately this is a shortcoming of the model itself. we have as many sia's as department and changing one doesn't change of all the other departments. as far as new rules needed in light of what we have learned over the last 18 or so months, i think the code is really where i'm fixated. >> in an ideal world we would have rules and legislation applied equally across the board. but given the allegations that have

contributed to gerald ford not winning. for the republicans and probably attributed to jimmy carter winning for the democrats. in 1976, but paul laxalt served as the chairman of that campaign in 1976 and they kind of realized i think at that time that they had set the foundation for the upcoming election in 1980. they had they had established something. they had thrust ronald reagan into the national spotlight, which consequently through paul laxalt into the national spotlight as well. and they doubled down and in 1978 started planning for their next campaign, but i would say paul laxalt really is a giant of nevada politics. he's kind of a powerhouse of nevada politics. so paul axel had made the decision that he wanted to give his personal political papers to the university of nevada reno some of the first shipments of his papers started coming in 1983. and that includes scrapbooks that includes memorandum correspondence briefing books reports. anything that you would have in a political office you name it's going to be in

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this week, president gerald ford as he presides over the ribbon-cutting ceremony of the smithsonian'sace museum in 1976. this film was recorded by the national photographic center and provided by the gerald r ford presidential library. ♪ ♪♪ ♪ ♪♪ >> president of the united states and the vice president of the united states. ♪ ♪♪ ♪ ♪♪ ♪ ♪♪ [applause] [applause] ♪ ♪♪ ♪ ♪♪ ♪ ♪♪ ♪ ♪♪ [inaudible]. [inaudible]. ♪ ♪♪ ♪ ♪♪ ♪ ♪♪ ♪ ♪♪ [applause] [applause] >> thank you very much mr. chief justice, mr. vice president, distinguished members of congress. secondary replay, it's english ladies and gentlemen. this beautiful new museum times exciting exhibits of the mastery of air and space, the perfect birthday present from the american people to themselves. although it is almost impolite to boast, perhaps we can say with patriotic pride the flying machines we see here, the wright brothers 12-horsepower claim to the latest space vehicle, mostly made usa. historic a flight in american, the wonder is that it has all happened within the lifetime in the memory of living americans. how many of us remember