the fort mchenry guard and fort mchenry drum corps.plause] >> gentlemen, thank you for playing "yankee doodle". just as that exact moment 200 years ago. i would like to thank the maryland defense force band, for their musical rendition of the "star-spangled banner." ms. cruz for our her beautiful singing of our national anthem and the salute battery of the old guard for symbolically replicating the defense of fort mchenry and the participants of the stitching history project for the american historical society for hand stitching the replicated flag that we hoisted today. [applause] this morning represents the culminating moment of the week-long bicentennial collaboration of the battle at baltimore and the writing of the national anthem. the events that occurred 200 years ago are the reason that we're here today. being here on this ground, on this morning, in this year, enables us to connect to a place, a moment in time, and a historical event. the simple act of raising a flag, francis scott key's emotions about that flag put forth on a

fort snelling was the portal for that.t the end of the war, they had left the war and returned to civilian life at the fort. the garrison at the fort fluctuated quite a bit depending on the year you are looking at. in the 1820's, most estimates are around 500 people would have been here at the fort. that is about 350 soldiers and 150 free and enslaved people. that is a rough estimate. during the 1830's, the garrison went down to 80 people at one point. so, it fluctuated based on the goals of the army, whether they wanted to have a large garrison of troops here. in 1837, the seminole wars were being fought in florida and a number of troops were called off from here. during world war ii, the numbers skyrocketed. over 300,000 men and women has to fort snelling as they were inducted into military service. this was a very busy place throughout its history. we're standing in front of the place that we believe that dred and harriet scott lived between 1836 and 1840. when they hear the story of the enslaved people that were here,

if you look at it simply as a military fort, a stone fort, and you do not have the context on it, you miss out on the important role that it played not just in minnesota, but a national history. you miss the narrative. you miss the whole point of this being here. and if you don't have that large wrapping around it, you will miss out on all the other stories, the stories that shape the history. they may not have realized it at the time, but what those people did shaped the world that their descendents would live in. the world we live in now was shaped by what people were doing then. and so if we think of it that way, it is a complex, diverse story. locald out where c-span's content vehicles are going next online. you are watching american history tv. all weekend every weekend on c-span3. >> monday night on "the communicators," the federal commissioner on data security. >> the data is a tool, and it can be used well or poorly. it has great insights in many areas. some on the top of my mind our health care and other kinds of research and reaching underserved populations. writing insights

. >> good morning, and welcome to fort stevens. my name is kim elder and i'm the program manager for the national park service for the civil war defenses of washington. i'd like to welcome and thank each of you all for joining us this morning for the commemoration of the 150th anniversary of the battle of fort stevens. ladies and gentlemen, please stand for the presentation of colors and the singing of the national anthem by anita frasier. ♪ o say, can you see by the dawn's early light ♪ ♪ what so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last gleaming? ♪ ♪ whose broad stripes and bright stars through the perilous fight ♪ ♪ o'er the ramparts we watched were so gallantly streaming? ♪ ♪ and the rockets' red glare the bombs bursting in air ♪ ♪ gave proof through the night that our flag was still there ♪ ♪ oh, say, does that star-spangled banner yet wave ♪ ♪ o'er the land of the free ♪ ♪ and the home of the brave ♪ [ applause ] >> you may take your seats. the invocation will be delivered by the senior pastor of st. luke's baptist church, the

you can look at the fort in multiple ways.ou can look at it is the expansion of the united states and the pioneer spirit, moving west, conquering the wilderness, or you can look at it as a place of internment for the dakota that were here because of the u.s.-dakota war of 1862. you could look at it at the expansion and colonization of native lands by the united states government. there is also the story of african-americans, both free and enslaved. it was supposed to be a place free of slavery and you have the existence of slavery alongside right here inside the walls of the fort. -- the existence of slavery alongside free african-americans. it is a wonderful way to explore the complexity of history and out events in the past, people's choices and decisions, shape the world we live in today. right now we are inside one of the first squad rooms and stone barracks. the stone barracks where the home for the enlisted men. several barracks were here further quarters. these barracks were used from the 1820's all the way up through t

not too much further away at fort mchenry behind the fort were infantry soldiers, guys armed with muskets. one of those soldiers, a private, his name was frederick born in slave, he changes his name. joins the american army and then his regiment is sent to fort mchenry. a shell very much like this one explodes near him, and probably a piece of the shell tears into his right leg. he will linger on for two weeks, and then he dies of infection. no one would remember that guy. we found that out more recently through research. so here you had one of the richest guys in the city, and here another guy was dirt poor, a slave. you could argue that the guy was not even regarded as a citizen, and yet he dies, too. it shows you the diversity of defenders who came together to defend the flag. the famous and not so famous. however, most of the shells are overshooting or undershooting the fort. the british are choosing to say so far away -- to stay so far way of figuring that we do not care if most of the shells do not hit the target. but the lucky ones were not lucky enough. hour, they are wasting ammu

fort. in southern maryland and on the eastern shore of maryland, on tobacco and wheat plantations, you had enslaved the an-americans and british were offering freedom to any enslaved african-american who'd come over to their side. a year later in 1814, thousands of african-americans are now over to the british. and the british are giving them their freedom. younger guys re who could escape and they had what tion of belonging they call the colonial corps. marines, like royal trained as royal marines. 00 of them, 400 of them would be part of the colonial corps. this prompted fears in slave and northernryland virginia that it might prompt a assive slave uprising in this area prompted by the british. it never happened but it was a fear it could happen. a fear there would be an uprising, a fear that the up every day show and bombard your hamlet or small town. this is the context. surprising that someone like frances scott key, who takeslly opposed the war, a more active role in the war. key was

fort snelling was the portal for that.ar, they hadthe left the war and returned to civilian life at the fort. the garrison at the fort fluctuated quite a bit depending on the year you are looking at. in the 1820's, most estimates are around 500 people would have been here at the fort. and is about 350 soldiers 150 slaves and enslaved -- free and enslaved people. it fluctuated based on the goals of the army, whether they wanted to have a large garrison of troops here. in 1837, the seminal wars being fought in florida -- seminole wars were being fought in florida and a number of troops were called off from here. over 300,000 men and women has to fort snelling as they were inducted into military service. this was a very busy place throughout its history. we're standing in front of the place that we believe that dred and harriet scott lived between 1806 and 1840. when they hear the story of the enslaved people that were here, many of them are very surprised. they may have heard of dred scott and high school history, but they d

those forts are important. grant moves against fort donaldson now. the second fort he attacks.by february 14, he begins his campaign against fort donaldson. on february 16, fort donaldson surrendered. they put up a harder fight. that was the case at fort henry. yet, it too surrendered. if the civil war had a turning point -- it is interesting that wars need to have turning ports. there must be a turning point in every war. i am being a little facetious. i am not sure if the need to have turning points but as the civil war had a turning point, this is my candidate for turning point of the civil war. up until this time, the cat of threat or much everything their own way. after this time, you can say the confederates never fully recovered with the loss of fort henry and fort donaldson. they lost 15,000 troops and they lost to tens of thousands of square miles of territory, territory dip produced supplies -- that produced supplies, soldiers or soldiers who were from that territory would now be de-motivated because their homes are in union hands. it was a tremendous blow to the conf

they would come in, boom and explode in and around the fort.hey were not that accurate, but if you have never seen one before and if you are a defender and it is your first battle, it was like shock of awe of 1814. >> you can watch this and many other american artifacts programs anytime by visiting our website. , on they night communicators, wade baker, chief technology officer and security director for verizon on the recent data breaches of home depot, target, and jpmorgan chase. >> it is truly all of the above. we have worked with law enforcement agencies who have busted down doors and drag people through basements, literally. participated in fairly large scale arrests of multiple individuals that are very highly connected together, well organized. the east -- and they each have othersual specialized -- know how to watch the money and all of these things. they're just like physical, organized crime. then there are others that are definitely working on behalf of the government. there are pictures of it, recon photos, all of that kind of thing,

we better leave the fort.g fired, they retreated from the fort, left it to the british. the british couldn't believe the good luck. they just couldn't understand this. they thought it was a trick, but they destroyed the fort. naturally, and at a moment when the flag should have been flying, it was in the darkness as the judge advocate general later said in the court marshal. dyson was convicted, kicked out of the military, and they didn't want anybody of that caliber. he said, what's the point of flying a flag if we're going to be overtaken anyway? it was the worst kind of commander that you wanted to turn out, and they took the fort and nothing between them in al exandrea and virginia. they sailed upstream, and they laid siege to alexandria. nour, just about everybody, alexandria had been called up and gone to other places. they were too young or too old and could not defend the city so an allegation went to see and he spoke to them as if they were underlings. he demeaned them. he told them that they would be

but the fort is intimately connected in the creation of st.aul. in the 1830's, there were groups of settlers that were living on the military's property. finally, the army had had enough of competing with them for resources and they felt they should be removed officially from the military property. the settlers moved across the river to the other side and they formed what became the nucleus of the city of st. paul. when you think about the story and the history of this region, you think beyond the walls of fort snelling. that's what we try to do here is push people to think more about what it means when all of these cultures came together? what perspectives do they have on these historic events? >> watch all of our events from st. paul today at noon eastern on c-span two and sunday afternoon at 2:00 on american history tv on c-span3. with live coverage of the u.s. house on c-span and the senate on c-span two, here on c-span3, we complement that covers by showing you the most relevant congressional hearings and public affairs events. on weekend

recommendation had been made the prooef youts year that the fo fort -- the previous year that the fortinto a stronger and more effective position, and ita1)ñ had not be done. but even so, it is an obstacle that the british officers estimated would have probably cost them at least 50 men tokúy the take. it would have caused quite a bit of damage to some of the valuable british ships if there and the british gordon and his men wereébc expecting to have real fight on their hands to get they'd just lobbed the first of their shells towards the fort on the evening of august 27th when gordon watching from the deck of his ship seahorse could see what looked like the garrison retreating from the fort, and then there is a terrific explosion, and the entire fort just goes sky high. gordon and his men are not quite sure what has happened. they don't know whether one of the shells has been a luckb ki shot that hit the fort's magazine and the whole thing is going up, or if the americans have destroyed the fort themselves. and it is not until the next morning on august 28th that they send a landing

after the battle of fort mchenry, the commander of the fort, major george armstead, essentially took as a personal souvenir. >> stephen: wow. >> even though it was a very expensive piece of government property. it cost 400 bucks. >> stephen: the battle of fort mchenry which was 200 years ago...? >> tomorrow. >> stephen: that is the battle francis scott key is describing in the star spangled banner. >> exactly. francis scott key was out in the middle of the river on a ship, and he watched the british fleet bombard fort mchenry for 27 hours. >> stephen: and this was the flag over fort mchenry. >> this was the flag raised at the end of the battle. >> stephen: to celebrate and commemorate the 200th anniversary of that battle and tomorrow his writing of the national anthem, you have a new book called "the star spangled banner: the making of an american icon." >> that's right. >> stephen: this is really about the song, isn't it? >> this is about the flag, the song, the battle, the whole nine yards. >> stephen: okay the diet book. >> exactly. >( laughter ). >> stephen: was the star spangled

key to write the words that became our national anthem. >> welcome to fort mchenry. at tir

we better leave the fort.k being fired, they retreated from the fort, left it to the british. the british couldn't believe the good luck. they just couldn't understand this. they thought it was a trick, but they destroyed the fort. naturally, and at a moment when the flag should have been flying, it was in the darkness as the judge advocate general later said in the court marshal. dyson was convicted, kicked out of the military, and they didn't want anybody of that caliber. he said, what's the point of flying a flag if we're going to be overtaken anyway? it was the worst kind of commander that you wanted to turn out, and they took the fort and nothing between them in al exandrea and virginia. they sailed upstream, and they laid siege to alexandria. nour, just about everybody, alexandria had been called up and gone to other places. they were too young or too old and could not defend the city so an allegation went to see and he spoke to them as if they were underlings. he demeaned them. he told them that they wo

the anniversary celebration continues at fort mchenry through the weekend.what kind of weather can the fans of francis scott key expect? [inaudible] >> we will all do it together. no solo here. [laughter] maybe dodging a few showers tomorrow to the mid-a hours. by sunday, the sunshine returns. how beautiful was it out there today? it is still nice. gorgeous sunrise from our washington lee high school weatherbug camera. we have had a good bit of sunshine all day long. comfortable temperatures, low humidity. september. 78 degrees in woodbridge and st. thomas aquinas. the dew .57. it felt very dry and comfortable air overhead. thickeningwill be through the overnight hours. we are going to be in for a more cloudy day tomorrow. average, 81. 80 degrees is more of an anomaly because most spots stay in the 70's. 72 in winchester. 76 in quantico. fredericksburg looks really comfortable and low humidity. you think it is cool and comfortable here, how about in the midwest? 50 degrees in dulluth. temperatures will be dipping to about freezing. that is not the case here.

we better leave the fort. so without a shot being fired, they retreated the fort. they left it to the british. the british couldn't believe the good luck. they couldn't understand this. but as the fort was folding, it lit up on fire. dyson was convicted and kicked out of the mim tear. they drnt want anybody of that caliber. he said what's the point of flying a flag if we're going to be taken anyway. he was the worst kind of commander that you want at a time like that. so the british took a fort. and there was knock between them in alexandria and virginia. so they sailed upstream. and they late-sieged alexandria. now, just about everybody from alexandria had been called up and gone to other places. and they were old and infirmed t >> just about everybody from alexandria had been called up and had gone to blatansburg and other places. they were old and infirmed and either too young or too old. they were in no position to defend the city. so a delegation of alexandria of notables went to see coburn and he spoke to them as if they were underlings. he demeaned them. he

recommendation had been made the prooef youts year that the fo fort -- the previous year that the fortnger and more effective position, and ita1)ñ had not be done. but even so, it is an obstacle that the british officers estimated would have probably cost them at least 50 men tokúy the take. it would have caused quite a bit of damage to some of the valuable british ships if there and the british gordon and his men wereébc expecting to have real fight on their hands to get they'd just lobbed the first of their shells towards the fort on the evening of august 27th when gordon watching from the deck of his ship seahorse could see what looked like the garrison retreating from the fort, and then there is a terrific explosion, and the entire fort just goes sky high. gordon and his men are not quite sure what has happened. they don't know whether one of the shells has been a luckb ki shot that hit the fort's magazine and the whole thing is going up, or if the americans have destroyed the fort themselves. and it is not until the next morning on august 28th that they send a landing party on s

fort? >> fort washington. >> fort washington, that's right. it was commanded by captain samuel dyson, a young man, and he held a conference with some of his people. and they said, i think we'd better surrender. we had better leave the fort. so without a shot being fired, they retreated from the fort. they left it to the british. the british couldn't believe the good luck. they just couldn't understand this. they thought it was a trick, but they destroyed the fort. naturally, and at a moment when the flag should have been flying, it was fold up in the darkness as the judge advocate general later said in a court marshal. dyson was convicted, kicked out of the military, and they didn't want anybody of that caliber. he said, what's the point of flying a flag if we're going to be overtaken anyway? it was the worst kind of commander that you wanted to turn out, and so the british took the fort and there was nothing between them and alexandria in virginia. so they sailed upstream, and they laid siege to alexandria. now, just about everybody from alex

our were of fort henry in baltimore. >> we are down here in what is called the gun deck of fort mchenry. we also call it the water battery. as would have been the main line of defense against the british ships. largest type of cannon that was here. original to the war of 1812. you can see the casting date of 1809. these were -- these guns were cast in europe and used in the french navy and prior to the war some of these guns were in the french consulate warehouse in the city of baltimore. not long before the battle, they were wrought here and installed at work mchenry. will firehis massive a 36 pound iron ball a little over one mile. no wonder the british never wanted to get very close. as you look down here at the cannonballs, you can see a difference between the 18 pound shot the fort fired and the 36 pound shots a fired as well. if i was the royal navy, i would not want to get too close to that and neither did they. one more thing before we go into the fort -- how strong these defenses were and why the british shows a long-range bombardment incident trying to take the fort straight o

one of the direct causes leading up to the rupture in the 1860's had its origin at fort snelling with dred scott. evidence about daily lives of the enslaved people at fort snelling was very scarce, but we believe they were primarily were involved in domestic slavery, doing cooking, cleaning, domestic chores for their owners. dred and harriet scott belonged to a dr. emerson. he was a surgeon. they would have been living in his kitchen, the workspace. in domestic slavery, typically enslaved people working under that type of condition would have been living inside the places that they worked. along the officers quarters, down in the basement kitchen, that is where we believe a lot of the majority of the enslaved people would have been working and living. it is arguable that this is the place that had the first major african-american community in what would become minnesota by virtue of the enslaved population that was living here. if you look at it simply as a military fort and you do not have the context on it, you miss out on the important role that it played not just in minnesota, but

thanked them for using a fort. bridge that crossed the anacostia was narrow. the third problem of course was the problem of the guy on that monument, the undaunted joshua barley. one question, one cannot detract, whatever rude things one says about the battle of bladensburg, one cannot detract from the fact that joshua barney and his flotilla men filled with 300 blokes, facing the entire british army which run right the way through the first two american lines face this quite small force who held them up and took severe british casualties. barney was a serious problem for the brits. and ross himself took his life in his hands. there we are, three huge problems in what was, i'm sorry to say, it was an american disaster. >> thank you. steve? maybe you can rebound the americans. >> i'll see what i can do. peter did make this claim about baltimore being a defeat last night and my response to him was fairly simple -- scoreboard. >> it's true. >> the important point is that the british did withdraw and the attack was turned away. as for bladensburg, that cannot be d

it's built here in the early 1800s, the fort isn't that impressive. one newspaper describes it as little more than a pig pen. it's basically just some earth works, gun platforms up there on the high ground. because of the channel coming so close to the shoreline here, those guns from that height would have, you know, enormous effect on any ships trying to sail by. it could have been a much stronger position if the u.s. government had done more to fortify it. recommendations had been made, you know, the previous year that the fort be rebuilt into a stronger, more effective position and that hadn't been done. even so, it's an obstacle that the british officers estimated would have probably cost them at least 50 men to try to take. it would have caused quite a bit of damage to some of these valuable british ships, had there been a real fight here. and the british, gordon and his men, were expecting to have a real fight on their hands to get by this fort. they had just lobed the first of their shells toward the fort on the evening of august 27th when gord

she's making a flag for a fort.pects this to last two or three years and she'll make a big one. >> she didn't work in a big auditorium. she made it just outside downtown baltimore. mary, five family members and an indentured servant worked for six weeks straight piecing together the flag, working by candlelight sometimes to meet their deadline. >> the fabric is something that i don't think anybody here ever hammed before. sometimes i thought that she would say something like i know 6-year-olds that show better than this. >> the material, called bunting used to make today's flag costs about $12,000. add in labor costs for the almost 2,000 people who have worked on it over the last six months, and you have a price tag in the mus hundreds of thousands of dollars. talk about inflation. there could have been even more work involved in the state count had been accurate. >> 15 stars and 15 stripe, so at this point in time, when there's a new state added to the union, each new state gets a new star and a new stripe, a piece

for the been also great economy, here in burlington and fort madison, wever, the entire area. i'm really proud of the fact that we have that. passed this year for more opportunity for people to learn while they earn. apprenticeships. and we're working, because there's a need for more people in the construction industry -- the construction industry during the previous administration, during the recession. that.now rebuilding and we have a great opportunity. we tripled the funding, the funding for apprenticeships. that way people don't have to go into debt. they can earn while they learn in construction and manufacturing. say we work with building and construction trades and we worked with the contractors. and we got that legislation this year. and it's now in the process of being implemented in helping people for those jobs in the construction industry, the fertilizer plant, and others being created all over the state of iowa. jobs up inhere's fort dodge, up in woodbury county, all over the state, so this isn't the only project. but this is the biggest and one of the best. that

the fort is intimately connected in the creation of st. paul. in the 1830's, there were settlers living on the military property. finally, the army had had enough of competing them -- with them for resources and felt they should be removed from military property. the settlers moved across the river to the other side and formed what they -- formed what became the nucleus of the city of st. paul. when you think about this region, you think beyond the walls of fort snell. that's what we try to do, push people to think more about what it means when all these cultures come together. what perspectives did they have on this -- these historic events? >> watch our events from st. paul throughout the day on book tv and on american history tv on c-span 3. c-span campaign 2014 debate coverage continues monday night at 7:30 eastern with the pennsylvania governor's race between republican governor tom corbett and democratic opponent tom wolf. thursday night at 9:00, the debate between representative lee terry and state under brad ashford. and next sunday, the

a largescott key saw american flag hoisted above the fort. he composed what would later become the u.s. national anthem. 200 years ago this august during the year of 1812, british soldiers invaded washington, d.c., and set fire to the white house and u.s. capitol building. president james madison and dolly madison fled the city. a donald hickey, author of "the war of 1812: a forgotten conflict." he

and then there's a terrific explosion and the entire fort goes sky high.men aren't quite sure what happened. they don't know whether one of their shelves has been the lucky shot that hit the fort's magazine and the whole thing is blown up, or if the americans have destroyed the fort themselves, it's not until the next morning on august 28th, they send a landing party on shore. and they discover really to their amazement that this fort which is in position to do quite a bit of harm, to the british, had been blown up by the americans themselves and the american garrison had retreated >> he had been assigned command here, he didn't have a lot of faith or confidence in the garrison, in the equipment he place fall into british hand hands. he saw the smoke rising over squadron, he thinks he's going to be attacked by land at the same time by british army troops. he's decided to abandon the fort. he would soon be court-martialed for that decision. and the british have an open path to alexandria as well as washington. >> we're right off of alexandria, virginia. ab

pennsylvania turnpike westbound near fort washington, watch for that as you head out. 130 northbound a lane is blocked between 90 and 73. no accidents no weather related problems just construction out there now, tam. >> breaking this morning, the judge in the murder trial of oscar pistorius has delivered a guilty verdict on one of the key charges. let's head over to katherine scott following the latest live in the satellite center. >> reporter: , l. >> reporter: we did learn this morning that oscar pistorius has been found guilty of culpable homicide that's the equivalent of manslaughter that carries up to 15 years in jail. you can see crowds outside the courtroom as oscar pistorius arrived this morning. there was a lot of suspense about what would happen. yesterday they had a full day of the judge reading the decision and they back again today. proceedings got underway shortly after 9:30 and the judge began by summarizing several weapons charges. the olympic and para olympic track star was acquitted of several charges, but it was the culpable homicide that he was found guilty of tha

eastern on american history tv, we will take you live to fort mchenry in baltimore where he ceremony commemorating the 200th anniversary of the star-spangled banner. :t will feature remarks from powell and the flag raising exactly 200 years after francis scott key saw a large american flag hoisted above the fort which inspired him to later create the u.s. national anthem. compose what would later become the national anthem. each week, american history tv sits in on a lecture with one of the nation fell college professors. you consider in on the lectures saturday evening at 8 p.m. and midnight eastern. next, professor lori bogle talked about the american soldiers taken prisoner during the korean war. professor bogle explained how the warring nations used prisoners to intimidate their enemies and described the effects of captivity and attempts by the enemy at political indoctrination.

but anyhow, we're in fort smith, and nixon goes to the motel, and it's a rectangular thing. it's on the inside, but it's only one story. and so nixon's got this room here, and he says i do not want to be disturbed, i've got to nap. i've got a big speech tonight, i don't want anybody to disturb me. i said, you got it, and i went down and mosesed around my own room. i saw this huge fellow marching straight across the quadrangle of this motel straight toward nixon's door. and he was yelling, hey, dick! hey, dick! to mr. nixon, you know, who's sleeping. so i started running, and i didn't get there in time. and this guy is pounding on the door, and the door opens and richard nixon let him in. i thought, that's the end of pat buchanan. [laughter] and nixon says, pat, have you met wynn rockefeller? this was winthrop rockefeller, the brother of nelson and david rockef

in the middle is fort brown. fort brown was the artillery position that was heavily cannon and able to keep the british away by firing into the city. out of the bay, is where the american navy ships will be waiting for the british to come in to attack the army's flank. their mission is to keep them away and here you see them all like sitting ducks, waiting for the royal navy to attack. this is the rotunda of the city hall of the town of plattsburgh. to get back to the history, wellington said that if he were in command here and he was offered command here, and he turned it down. he said the only chance for victory in north america was to control the waterways. everything is key to the navy here. even though the troops are here waiting and the british troops have fought their way into the city and are waiting. there's only two bridges across, they are waiting for the navy. now this is a bit of a long story, but that's how we get here. you see, the royal navy was everything to the british, and they used it througho

no one but law enforcement allowed to enter or exit the fort. a spokesmanakt tells us it is n an active shooter situation, all he can say is that there is quote a situation on post. more on that as our live coverage continues throughout the night. when fixed income experts work with equity experts who work with regional experts that's when expertise happens. mfs. because there is no expertise without collaboration. feet...tiptoeing. better things than the pain, stiffness, and joint damage of moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis. before you and your rheumatologist decide on a biologic, ask if xeljanz is right for you. xeljanz (tofacitinib) is a small pill, not an injection or infusion, for adults with moderate to severe ra for whom methotrexate did not work well. xeljanz can relieve ra symptoms, and help stop further joint damage. xeljanz can lower your ability to fight infections, including tuberculosis. serious, sometimes fatal infections and cancers have happened in patients taking xeljanz. don't start xeljanz if you have any infection, unl

the 200 anniversary of the british naval bombardment of the fort during the war of 1812. of the garrison flag on the morning after the barrage inspired francis scott key to write the words later became the u.s. national anthem. that is un-american artifacts. -- that is on american artifacts. next, thomas devine discusses henry wallace's 1948 campaign for president as the nominee of the progressive party. he served as vice president under fdr before being replaced by harry truman. argued that the campaign strategy of focusing on courting minorities in the jim crow south alienated much of the white electorate despite wallace's efforts, mr. devine says that the majority of african-americans decided to vote for president truman. wallace came in fourth in the general election, finishing with fewer votes than the other third-party candidate, dixiecrat strom thurmond. this event, from the kansas city public library in missouri, is about an hour. and i want to thank lisa sullivan who has been so helpful in the past few weeks. i definitely thank her as well. two other people i wan

in hillsboro beach, near fort