so, fort mchenry was an important union fort during the civil war. i would also like to take you into a cell where we can also see where lincoln violated the constitution again. ironically, to help a confederate soldier. so, the cells we are about to walk past, this was solitary confinement during the civil war. suspected spies were kept here. you could almost look at this as the death row area of fort mchenry. there were three known executions here during the american civil war. i want to talk to about an execution that almost happened and it almost happened to the man who actually stayed in this specific cell. midway through the american civil war, an officer for the confederate, henry hall -- was arrested. he was arrested and put here at fort mchenry in this cell and accused of being a confederate spy. of course, that had the death penalty attached to it. he fully expected he would be executed by being hung after a few weeks or perhaps a few months. so you could imagine a mental anguish he went through in this cell. in addition to the physical ang

this is not a rebuilt fort. it's not the mock-up fort. this is the fort that was there. maintenance team main tapes it. the national park service as stewards of these treasures keep it in good repair. and united states army itself throughout 100 years maintained the fort, replacing wood and brick here and there. but the core star shape is original. probably 55% of the fabric of the fort was here 200 years ago. and with assembly, this fort is not a static museum under a glass case. this is a living fort. and this is another milestone in the fort's history and the fort again is making history. and as we see the men and women of our modern military here today, we see yet again 200 years later, the fort is again serving the nation, a new chapter is being written in the history of this fort and 100 years from now people will look back and say what did they do back in 2014 to commemorate and bicentennial. and you are a part of the history of this fort. bicentennial. and you are a part of the history of this for bicentennial. and you are a part of the history of this for bicent

. >> c-span visited fort mims to hear from an author about the 1813 fort mims massacre. the red sticks went on to massacre settlers in the area. >> we are at fort mims park. it is a little park in alabama and this is the location of a major battle between americans and indians in 1813. the fort was full of all kinds of folks taking shelter from an impending attack here at including indians that were allied with the americans, local settlers, militias from the mississippi territory and a lot of slaves. about 500 people inside of this fort. and on august 30, a faction of the was upset and attacked the -- ford there was a long battle in the end almost 300 people inside the fort were killed. i first learned about it when i read about the massacre but there is more to the story. like most american indians had to find the way to deal with the expanding american in settlements. in this area, the creeks were successful as the cherokee to assimilate to american life style. quite a few wealthy indians owned slaves with a big plantation and raise domestic livestock and largely gave

the fort was badly dealt. the gun loopholes, which should have been five feet above the ground, were at three-foot levels. they were level with the attacking force, who took possession of the loopholes. the battle went on for a long time. there were maybe 700 red sticks in the attacking force and several hundred fighting inside among the many civilians inside the fort. sometime around the afternoon, the battle had stalemated. the red sticks withdrew. they set fire to a good portion of the southern part of the fort. the fire spread and at that point, defense was impossible. the few remaining defenders tried to escape. about 25 made it out of the fort. the battle need all of the papers in the country. it was considered a huge disaster of american military might and it took a while for the local armies to reconstitute themselves. the volunteers were devastated by this. eventually they organized an army to invade the creek nation. the georgians organized a couple of different attacks from the east and then the ten

and have them explode over the fort whereas the fort's guns could not even reach them. so, by the way, wanted to show you that this water battery was the main line of defense. this was the largest type of cannon that was here. we were down by an 18-pounder before. this barrel is original to the war of 1812. you can see the casting bait of 1809. these were cast over in europe. and they were used a lot of them were used in the french navy and prior to the war of 1812, some of these guns were in the french consulate's warehouse in the city of baltimore and not long before the battle, they were brought here and installed at ft. mchenry. a cannon this massive will fire a 36-pound iron ball. no wonder the british never wanted to get very close. if you look down here at the cannon balls were shot, you can see a difference between the 18-pounder shot and also the 36-pounder shot they fired, as well. again, if i was the royal navy, i wouldn't want to get too close to that, and neither did they. which meant that to win the battle, they had to conduct a long range bombardment. but

gillmore was thinking about fort sumter, fort pulaski, big forts that could be pulverized by rifled artillery. getsrson -- earhten fort chewed up, but not weakened. they were watching shells crashing into the fort, and cannot believe anyone is surviving. they have a bomb proof inside wagner that can house 1,000 men , so when the bombardment stops, they can come out and take positions along the wall and have time to prepare for the attack on the evening of july 18th. hurt inpeople were the department, leaving almost 1600 men inside wagner to stop the assault. the federals send 5000 men. the lee brigade would hit wagner. some would get over the walls, then be driven back. cannot go brigade into the interior. they have to pull back. before it's over, the federals lost almost 1800 men, the confederates losing under 200. the power of these earthen fortifications, what starts gillmore to carrying out siege operations against wagner. digging in the beach at more silent, exact trenches -- morris island, zigzag trenches. it takes than six weeks to get to the moat of battery wagner. >> and the confeder

about 500 people inside of this fort. and on august 30, a faction of the creeks was upset and attacked the -- ford there was a long battle in the end almost 300 people inside the fort were killed. i first learned about it when i read about about the massacre but there is more to the story. like most american indians had to find the way to deal with the expanding american in settlements. in this area, the creeks were successful as the cherokee to assimilate to american life style. quite a few wealthy indians owned slaves with a big plantation and raise domestic livestock and largely gave their way of life to the american norms of agriculture. the large part of the nation did not see the advantage. they wanted to maintain their traditional life. there was a rift in 1813, a civil war broke out and what happened here is a continuation of the civil war but it brought the americans into the of war against the anti-american faction. there was a religious component. the shawnee prophet and tecumseh were proselytizing for a religi

at the same time, they continuously bombard fort sumter to the begin firing on fort over allfore they take of morris island. there is this tremendous 1863,dment in august of and then another one in october. the summer of 1854, the third great department occurs. fort sumter is the most bombarded site in the western .emisphere something like 3500 tons of artillery projectiles fired into fort sumter. broke down the walls of fort sumter. the confederates turned into a with tunnels.nker like the monitors, and miserable place to be. it was terrible to be out there. but ceased to be an artillery position but became an infantry position. as long as they help fort could note federals break or take up those obstructions. as long as those obstructions -- torpedoes were there >> they started off using beer .egs with tar around them at the battle of mobile bay, one blue up. the rest of the torpedoes, he took his fleet right through the torpedo minefield and none of them exploded. >> they were bouncing off the ships. they had to continuously be swapping out these torpedoes because they would become

fort sumter. it's a very uneven match. the monitors do have these huge cannons. and, again, if you think about world war ii and such, when we had 16-inch guns on board the new jersey and the later classes of our battleships. monitors during the civil war carried 15-inch guns. and they could fire, again, a shot weighing up to 440 pounds, which they fired against fort sumter. >> i just -- i know that, and i've read that. you've got that. but how does the crew load a 400-pound cannonball into that gun? >> the monitors are all steam-propelled, steam-operated. so they had designed inside them steam lifts that would lift up the powder and, again, the powder is quite heavy. and steam lifts to bring these shot and shells up from the hulls to the turrets. and the turrets, you had around the turret, a block-and-tackle system that would actually snap onto these -- they had little grooves in them. they would snap onto these balls and be manhandled over and loaded into these huge guns. it took a long time, alm

people have passed this fort on the way to greatness. a young slave sailed up the bay by the name of frederick douglas. he sailed past fort mchenry and its great flag and sailed into history to be one of our greatest abolitionists. a young woman from poland 16 years ago at the age of 16 sailed up the chesapeake bay along with thousands and thousands of immigrants. she came from poland. she was my great grandmother. she told me when she saw the flag she knew she was in the united states of america. this right here at fort mchenry and in this area, we organized ourselves to fight not only for the battle of baltimore for our country, but we organized the great arsenal of democracy to fight for the battle of britain and to save europe from nazis. the battle of north point became sparrows point where we made steel. here in locust point, we made liberty ships. in he essex they made planes. we organized not to safight buto save britain. one of the most enduring alliances among people between two nations is the transatlantic alliance between the

ws howlly whshopws the army thought of fort mchenry as a viable fort for a generation or more after the "star-spangled banner" had been written. so, what you see through some of the underground chambers in the history of the fort is that fort mchenry has layered history. people ask what is original? the answer is, it is all original. some of it dates to the bombardment in 1814. some of it to the civil war, some of it to a few weeks ago. the core of the fort is original. a represents a timeline of american history, a timeline of "star-spangled banner " unique places, the architectural features. it speaks to the power of place that makes that history relevant and come alive. a lot of people say, well, in your title it says fort mchenry national monument and historic shrine. there are a number of national monuments. national monuments are designated monuments based on their historical and cultural merit. but fort mchenry is the only place that has a duel distinction of being a national alignment and historic shrine. the shrine part was added in the early 1940's because, after all, this is

garrison. >> we are in fort mims park.is the location of a major battle between the american indians in the fort itself was full of all kinds of folks taking shelter from an impending indian attack including indians that were allied with the americans and militia from the mississippi territory and lots of slaves. 30 a faction of the creeks were quite upset and they attacked the fort and there was a long battle and at the end some 250 people inside the fort were killed. there is more to the story. like most american indians had to find the way to deal with the expanding american in settlements. in this area, the creeks were successful as the cherokee to assimilate to american life style. quite a few wealthy indians owned slaves with a big plantation and raise domestic livestock and largely gave their way of life to the american norms of agriculture. the large part of the nation did not see the advantage they wanted to maintain their traditional life. there was a rift in 1813, a civil war broke out and what happened here is

here is the keyes to the fort. aep so, in a way, another reason to be upset, hey, wait a minute, we just spent three years rebuilding your fort. after the siege. and now we give it back to you all new and improved. not something to further aggravate colonists to that point. >> the piece that ends the next year, seven years' war, treaty of paris. not the french and spafrnish war. thank you everybody for coming. i appreciate it. let's get those hawkeyes this weekend. >>> with live coverage of the house and senate on c-span 2, here on c-span 3 we show you the most relevant hearings and publish affairs event on on weekend c-span 3 is the home to american history tv with programs that tell our nation's story including six unique series. the 350th anniversary visiting battle fields and key events. american artifacts touring museums and to discover what artifacts reveal about america's past. the bookshelves with the west known american history writers. presidency look at policy and legacies of commanders in chief. lecture

here is the keyes to the fort. aep so, in a way, another reason to be upset, hey, wait a minute, we just spent three years rebuilding your fort. after the siege. and now we give it back to you all new and improved. not something to further aggravate colonists to that point. >> the piece that ends the next year, seven years' war, treaty of paris. not the french and spafrnish war. thank you everybody for coming. i appreciate it. let's get those hawkeyes this weekend. with live coverage of the u.s. house on c-span and the senate on c-span2, here on c-span three, we come from it that covers by showing the most relevant congressional hearings and public affairs of veterans. than three iseat the home to american history tv with programs that tell our nation store including six unique series, the civil wars 100 50th anniversary, visiting battlefields and key events, american artifacts, touring museums and historic sites, history bookshelf, the best-known american history writers, the presidency, looking at the policies an

the third piece i have in this book is on the fall of fort fisher. germane to the war immediately after cedar creek. cedar creek occurring in october of 1864. this sums up the last of the major fighting in the deep south and the northern army seizing control across georgia and going up the east coast. one of the great names associated with the union naval success is doing the war is at role david dixon porter. porter was a key player at both new orleans and vicksburg. later, while sherman submerged georgia in complete war, a plan was devised by general butler and porter to take fort fisher by sending a boat with 215 tons andowder on to the water then to blast the powder, taking out the fort in one mighty explosion. fort fisher, south of wilmington, was important to the southern supply line. because of its unusual sand wall construction on the side that faced the water, it made it more difficult to penetrate. however, the powder plan, a , nottic design, failed only because the powder to not create the damage of which it was believed to be capable, but

fort lauderdale, since may, has adopted what we call "anti-homeless laws."hey have adopted five such law, a law against leaving stuff on a sidewalk unattended, strengthening a no public ur urination, defecation law no, panhandling or selling stuff on the median strips and of food sharing laws is the 5th one. i never have seen a city pass so many anti-homeless laws in such a short period of time. the reason they are doing this is they want to make the homeless less visible, and if they cut them off, cut them off from their food source, they hope that the homeless will simply go away, and i can tell you, they won't. they will simply disperse. they will go hungry. they will be arrested for sleeping. >> mr. stoops, let me ask you something. do any of these cities have a point? are all of their requests really that unreasonable? >> there is no city in the country that is able to shelter its homeless population. nearly a third of the nation's homeless are unsheltered. it's nearly impossible for a homeless person to get three meals a day, seven days a week in indoo

- four fisher, protected -- fort fisher protected the access. it faced the water and made it more difficult to penetrate. a dramatic design was drawn up with that. it felt not only because the powder did not quit the damage which was believed to be capable but also because butler failed to follow up the explosion with a proper of salt -- proper of salt -- assault. butler had fallen out of favoritism and was removed in command at replace by alfred terry. he joined in executing a new attack. it was a deliberate shelling of force with dozens of ships. men launchederry's an assault. both sides suffered heavy casualties. it will smuggled into wilmington, north carolina since the earliest days of the war, is suddenly stopped. one of robert e lee's chief sources of supplies was eliminated. in this photograph, admirable , it is-- porter alexander gardner image. porter is on the ship where he planned to the assault on fort fisher. ensuring the union army that l ee's pipeline was severed. the last essay i contributed to this volume is the one which segues

british leave and follow you know, and is it more of a slight skirmish to regrab the fort? >> no skirmish. the british come in and they think it is theirs. they have been pounding walls down, right? and it isn't the greatest and so they are like, okay, now we captured the fort and so they start and they are, lobbing, you know, shells into the city. they start rebuilding everything. you can see it in this image. this is an image from the library at university of michigan. and a contemporary sketch.

fort lauderdale is a city that has done one of the best jobs. we are not saying fort lauderdale is a bad guys, but there's a question of they are trying to help people that have little. >> yes. they are trying to help people that have little. this is my point, and the difference of opinion that i have with father sims, is that there are arguments over how do you help the homeless. there are reasonable arguments. arguments that city leaders put forward is you need a comprehensive approach to tie housing to nude irn, health care, education -- nutrition, health care, education and job training. we know this work. you only need to look at the veterans housing population to see that they had eliminated for all practical purposes. >> let's bring the point to father sims. james and others argued that it's better for the homeless to be fed indoors, taken into programs that have other elements that deal with mental health and drug rehab. does he not have a point that it would be better for the homeless to go to those facilities than to get the food outsi

the fort was badly dealt.un loopholes, which should have been five feet above the ground, were at three-foot levels. they were level with the attacking force, who took possession of the loopholes. the battle went on for a long time. there were maybe 700 red sticks in the attacking force and several hundred fighting inside among the many civilians inside the fort. sometime around the afternoon, the battle had stalemated. the red sticks withdrew. they set fire to a good portion of the southern part of the fort. the fire spread and at that point, defense was impossible. the few remaining defenders tried to escape. about 25 made it out of the fort. the battle need all of the papers in the country. it was considered a huge disaster of american military might and it took a while for the local armies to reconstitute themselves. the volunteers were devastated by this. eventually they organized an army to invade the creek nation. the georgians organized a couple of different attacks from the east and then the tennessee

kasi hickox spent the last two weeks and fort kent. she and her boyfriend are looking to relocate outside of the state. monday marks the last day of the 2 is day incubation period. >> this week a federal judge approved detroit's plan to climb out of bankruptcy. it left the city, cutting 7 billion in debt. ali velshi explains what it will mean. >> a federal judge approved the bankrupt claim 6 months after the city became the largest bankruptcy in u.s. history. the go ahead came after a 2-month trial that cost the city $150 million in fees. by all accounts it was a speedy resolution for what was an incredibly complicated contest and financial deal making. when detroit filed for bankruptcy, it racked up $7 billion debt. 7 billion will be wiped out. some creditors settled for less than what they were owed or taking cash, long-term leases. a key piece fell in place when bond insurers. retired city workers agreed to a 4.5% cut to monthly pension checks and a reduction in the health care benefits. these were the tough ones to get to. and in w

porter is on the ship where he planned to the assault on fort fisher. ensuring the union army that lee's pipeline was severed. the last essay i contributed to this volume is the one which segues into the battle of cedar creek. this work is more than a painting. at the front of the group of mortals is ulysses s. grant while the men, who ride along, many could've known that number of lives it would've taken. grant understood that armies would battle and he pushes soldiers into the field. he was irreplaceable. this man fights, said lincoln. they are not information but rather keeping a pace of their leader. this configuration, one in which we see a classical arrangement where they are level with each other as the figures would be depicted on a pediment. among the warriors represented, george armstrong with the golden hair on the far left. he is a light-colored horse, sherman, on our left. and then again, you see general sheridan. this portrait captured -- it captured in this tribute were painted from life by a norwegian american artist. not only is the wor

troops would come in and they built a fort next to have her, montana. this indian fort was built specifically to clear indians from the border. here in montana, most people are unaware that there was his active campaign by the u.s. military, supported by the political establishment, to ride in and burn these villages to the ground, all of their possessions. with troops, drive them over the border. or drive them and disperse them so that they were not a cohesive community. these folks would come back and builder villages again. troops would come back and drive them out. it was really great hardship. after the buffalo went away, then what? where do the people have to go? they were able to sustain themselves in her own communities. -- they were not able to sustain themselves in their own communities. there were no resources for them. that means working on the new cattle ranches that were developing at that point, and some did that. many along the highlands of montana, all the way to the north dakota border. many of the small towns and enclave populations o

if you come through the land side you got to get through this fort. from the sea side they will shoot you. this is a difficult, difficult operation. so he needs just the right guy for this. in fact shirley finds his man in william pepperell. this picture is painted after the expedition, and that is allowy borg in the back ground. pepperell is a great choice. described as a man who promises to give weight -- the point about his wealth is not insignificant. all right. how will you fund this expedition? there's only so much money the colony has. in fact private merchants pay a lot of the cost. including pepperell himself who was a arifto krat and he contributed 5,000 pounds gave it to them, and also allowed to pay for his own bounties to get people to join the expedition. so clearly the money that was contributed by pepperell and others was important but he didn't have significant military back ground. this is where it became helpful that the king finally got back to warren and said yes you can contribute and support this expedition. so the royal navy jo

these are the remains of one of the bigger forts. as the years passed, the romans left england and the soldiers left the wall. in later centuries, many of the stones were taken from the wall to build roads. this important part of history would have been lost if not for a man by the name of john clayton in the 18th century who helped save it. proud of their wall from the days of hadrian, the people of england would no doubt argue with robert frost, for they certainly do love their wall. for "teen kids news," i'm nicole. >> every state has one, but most of us don't know why they look the way they do. here's "flag facts." >> rhode island's flag is bold and simple, but the state it represents is much more complex. for instance, although there are islands within its harbors, most of rhode island isn't an island! italian explorer giovanni da verrazano may be responsible for the mix-up. arriving in 1524, one of the harbor islands supposedly reminded him of the greek island of rhodes. others say the name originated with dutch explorer adriae

. >> c-span visited fort mims to hear from an author about the 1813 fort mims massacre. red sticks went on to massacre settlers in the area.

and mark had an ally that he did not expect at fort carson. i mention the story because, this next story because it gives you a sense of some of the people that were pushing against what he was doing and some of the people that were pushing for it. the people pushing against were saying people who have ptsd, who have depression, they are weak. some of them are just trying to get out of military service. that was the phrase that people said about him when he wasn't around. they would think he was soft. and that's the word that hung over him. he was soft. but then you had people who were battled-hardened, the toughest of the tough, the people you would think would definitely not be the people that would agree that these wounds were real or yee with changes about how you -- agree with changes about how you treat them. randy george, brigadier general, was the toughest of the tough. he did multiple tours this afghanistan. this was a man who'd seen combat, he'd led men in combat, he'd been there as a lieutenant colonel, then as a colonel x. for him

fort lauderdale is one of cities done. one of the best jobs at helping the homeless - we are not saying that fort lauderdale is a bad guys, but there's the question. they are trying to help people who have little. >> yes, they are trying to help people who have very little. this is my point. the difference of opinion that i have with father sims is there are arguments over how you help the homeless. they are reasonable arguments. arguments that city leaders put forward in that you need a comprehensive approach na ties housing to nutrition, health care, education, job training. and a whole host of wrap-around services. the evidence points to the fact that we know this works. you only need to look at the veterans housing population. process. >> what james is arguing, is that others argue, that it's better for the homeless to be fed indoors, taken into programs with other elements, so they can deal with mental health and drug rehab. does he not have a point that it would be better for the homeless to go to those facilities, o

he is going to stop at west point to examine the fort. people think arnold was hoping to capture washington as well is give away the fort. it is conceivable but probably unlikely. washington himself downplayed the likelihood. missedly, the messenger washington with the papers and had to go all the way to the robinson house. note getsguy with the to arnold. he reads it and realizes the plot is off. that allows them just enough time to kiss his bride who has recently given birth to their first child. he races out and gets them into bro hymn to the british warship. by the way, to show the nice guy arnold is, he offers them two gallons of rum a piece if they can get him there quickly because he has to get to washington. he says you can join the british navy or become prisoners of war when they get there. they would not join but were prisoners. soon they were released. in the meantime, washington is coming to west point. arnold is not there. retrospect,inks in as i am quoting washington as he later recounted, the impropriety of his conduct whe

fort lauderdale has joined a growing list of american cities passing or introducing similar ordinancesmany argue the laws are necessary to make sure public land is being used properly and to address concerns over food safety. >> fort lauderdale's mayor says move, the meals to shelters will help the homeless in the long run. >> we are not a city that looks compassion or lacks kindness. we just feel that if someone is on the streets of fort lauderdale, we need to get them off of the street and into the right places where they can improve their situation and their situation. >> the pastor of sanctuary church points out shelters don't always offer easy access to fort lauderdale's 10,000 homeless people. >> you have people that can't make it anywhere else. they are living in this area. this is about as far as they can get. >> as for and, he plans on de defying the law and will continue to serve meals on the beach. >> arnold and the two ministers charged face up to 60 details in jail and a $500 fine. arnold has been through this before. in 1999, the city tried to stop him from public feeding

starting in fort washington this morning.s is 309 right by the pennsylvania turnpike fort washington interchange on the turnpike eastbound is where we had that tractor-trailer accident overnight. everything is off to the side now so no major delays on the turnpike at this point and traffic on three no, sir nine is moving okay. it's just really wet out there as you can see. here on 95 southbound go the taillights approaching the work zone at cottman you see some people starting to just tap their brakes as they head southbound towards center city. it's very wet with building southbound volume. let's go outside to the schuylkill expressway here close to montgomery drive eastbound taillights headed towards center city. building voling many people tapping their brakes all lanes opened in both directions on the schuylkill. down to 15 seconds. here's the vine street expressway. looking okay as you head toward 95 out near the parkway. watch out for restrictions throughout the day today as we prep for thanksgiving day parade here's th

for decades he's been feeding the homeless of fort lauderdale through love thy neighbour. >> we have fruit salad, cookies, cakes and drinks. >> now he's facing arrests and fines. his operation has been closed down twice since the new law was broughts in. despite the warnings, arnold says he will not stop. >> i spent 2.5 years in combat, in world war ii. i knew what i was fighting for then. i know what i was fighting for now. >> so-called quality of life laws are commonplace across the u.s. hundreds of cities introduced laws banning laying down in bub lick places or -- public places or sleeping in cars. >> what did we do?

the cousins nine-year-old jason rivera and 11-year-old elijah martinez had been building a snow forthen a plow came along and pushed snow up against it. a police officer saw their shovel and started digging for those boys. they said they did everything they could to break free. >> me and my cousin were building a fort in the snow. we were under for a few minutes and the whole top of the fort just fell on us. >> motivating each other like to like not go to sleep, keep yelling, keep moving our bodies, trying to break out. >> smart little boys there. eyewitnesses said the police officers who pulled them out of the snow bank got a round of applause. >>> and delaware county dozens of dogs and cats have new homes for the holidays. today the delco spca invited black friday shoppers to adopt one of the first placements of the day was pearl the pitbull. she was found starving in a backyard in chester october 7th butter this morning a healthy and energetic pearl headed to her forever home. >> just so much spirit, so much personality and that was never broken by the people who did this to her.

it looked like their hand are going to be okay. >> i hope they get a chance to do snow forts again inr environment perhaps under supervision, might be a good idea next time. >> the dog always wins. >> the nose knows. >>> we will have a milder trend setting up going into the weekend. thank goodness because today was chilly, wind chills below freezing most of michael and so the washington monument to the left, 37 degrees, mostly clear at reagan national airport now, but clouds will build in heading into the overnight hours. it won't be breezy anymore. that's a good piece of good news, those blustery winds are settling down, but because the winds are settling down we'll see temperatures dipping as cold as they did last night. that milder trend starts tomorrow. back into the 50s by sunday. so it will definitely be milder for this time of year. a few shower are possible monday, but because of that milder air those showers will be falling as rain and not as snow or ice, good news there. it's 30 degrees right now in hagerstown and leesburg. it's 27 in manassas and 33 degrees in annapolis. yo

all know that fort campbell is a kentucky installation. in 1948, after more than a decade as either senate majority or minority leader, the democratic convention selected barkley to be truman's vice presidential running mate. two months after the surprise truman/barkley election triumph, barkley took the oath of office as the 35th vice president of the united states. some of you may have heard of the term veep, especially recently due to the hit hbo television show of the same name. interestingly, barkley was the first recipient of this nickname, and he credited the creation of it to his grandson stephen truitt. as the story goes, his grandson thought that the official title "the vice president" was too much of a tongue twister. he said, gramps, vp stands for vice president. why not stick in a couple of little e's, and call it veep? the name stuck, and has been used as the nickname for vice presidents ever since. despite the title change from senator to vice president, or veep, barkley remained close to his beloved senate. he was in fact t

does it wave over walter reed, fort belvoir, the center for the intrepid, the v.a.rauma center, and so many other places where american warriors continue their march to recovery? it waves in every school house, firehouse, little league field where american veterans serve their community while standing ready. in the guard and reserve. it waves in the hearts of every american long after their time in uniform is through. and in the silent vigil above the row of white headstones here and over there. ladies and gentlemen, francis scott key's questions persist to this day. does that star spangled banner yet wave, o'er the land of the free and the home of the brave? thanks to all of you veterans, to the unbroken line of warriors who have answered the call, the answer, generation after generation, continues to be yes, now and forever. because as every adversary in every age who has ever come up against you as learned, american warriors never bend, never break, and never, ever, ever yield. [applause] that's why, as i tell every foreign leader i encounter, it's never, never b