cosmologist who focuses on the early universe, the associate scientific director of the foundational questions institute, fqxi anthony aguirre. i am attending an fxqi conference on time, at sea in more ways then one, on a ship cruising between norway and denmark. anthony, what i thought was an easy question was did the universe begin? now i hear it's not such an easy question. help me. so it used to be just speculation. well the universe is finite in time. oh i know it went on forever. and kant actually went so far as to make this philosophical argument that you could both prove that it was infinite in time and finite so just throw up your hands. ...but then you had this steady state which theoretically was infinite in time and the big bang which theoretically had a beginning. precisely, so then it took this form these two competing cosmologies and it was nice because we could have observational evidence that would tell us which of those was right and it turned out that the big bang cosmology was right and the steady state was incorrect. but now the steady state is kind of made a come back through, thro

well this is just one of a number of questions still unanswered and earlier i spoke with brian do get technologist the new america foundation to open technology institute and i asked him how these latest revelations about internet data collection drop job with programs we already know about like prison. x. keyscore appears to be an interface to the amount of programs that we've already learned about prism. is just the name of a database for example x. keyscore is the interface that allows an n.s.a. agent to do what amounts to a google search against your data and in many cases they're doing that search against the data they got from moodle so that is a google search in almost a very literal sense so when edward snowden said that he and other analysts came from their desk hack into someone's e-mail as long as they have an e-mail address it seems to point to this program where you just search an e-mail address and you have access to that so yes absolutely the data that they are looking for is. the contacts that you you know exchanged e-mail with the documents that you've exchanged with other people how that how that document got to you where it came from

institutions and foundations. and... >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. >> woodruff: there remained more questions than answers today about the weekend crash of a south korean jetliner in san francisco. investigators searched for a

one of a number of questions still unanswered about the surveillance state and for more i'm joined by brian doogan a technologist at new america foundation is open technology institute brian welcome to show. so there's a lot to get to here let's start with this latest revelation about x. keyscore it appears to be some sort of program that the n.s.a. uses to go through troves of internet data on basically anyone how is it different to other programs we learned about like pro prism which also is some sort of internet data collection program x. keyscore appears to be an interface to the amount of programs that we've already learned about prism. is just the name of a database for example x. keyscore is the interface that allows an n.s.a. agent to do what amounts to a google search against your data and in many cases they're doing that search against the data they got from moules so that is a google search and almost a very literal sense so when edward snowden said that he and other analysts came from their desk hack into someone's e-mail as long as they have an e-mail address it seems to point to this program where you just search an e-mail address and you have access t

institutions and foundations. and... >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. >> woodruff: there remained more questions than answers today about the weekend crash of a south korean jetliner in san francisco. investigators searched for a cause as emergency officials wondered aloud how nearly everyone on board survived. "newshour" correspondent spencer michels begins our coverage. >> reporter: planes at san francisco international airport taxied past the burned out shell of the boeing 777 today. it was a haunting reminder of the chaotic scene that unfolded saturday. federal investigators say it's already clear that asiana airlines flight 214 was flying significantly below the necessary landing speed and was flying too low. cockpit and flight data recorders show someone called for increasing speed, just seven seconds before the crash. then, a stall warning sounded, and the crew tried to abort landing, but it was too late. the head of the national transportation safety board deborah hersman: >> when we interview those four crew members, we're going to get a lot more details about their activities, about th