frances perkins also put herself to trying to discover and reform along those lines as well. i think that. in 1939 and 1911 he saw the emergence of these three developments, a cross fertilization of groups outside of labor like the women's trade union league coming on board in getting involved in helping to publicize the strike. then you saw louis brandeis and industrial democracy attempting to work out ways to actually come to create contacts between labor and industry that would avoid conflict. and then finally more tragically the work of the factory investigating commission which finally got around to kind of setting a bar for the intensity and depth of state involvement in governing the workplace in terms of safety. so i think that, in no way, was a very positive few years despite the losses. it was not exactly the end of labor strikes, as many of you know. the years just after that there were labor wars going on in west virginia and colorado, shooting wars between miners and mine operators and the hired agents. many of you have seen the movie. then, of course, when world

the woman charged with doing this was frances perkins was a young woman from new england and of that time worked for the national consumers league. she went to albany and she had actually been president at try and landsea in the women jumping from the upper floors and didn't need any motivation. she went to albany and enlisted the help of the two young senators robert wagner and al smith. of course l. smith went on to be the governor of new york. robert widener turned out to be a senator in the roosevelt administration and of course the wagner act of 45 that guarantees bargaining which is part of his domingo and perkins was successful in creating something called the factories investigating commission new york state factory investigating commission which became a sort of template for such commissions around the country and they went all over new york state she and her they not only looked into the fire hazards but also they got into an area that was just beginning to see a decrease of attention which is what you would call the toxic waste chemicals and gases produced in manufacturing

roosevelt said, and his labor secretary, frances perkins, what a great labor secretaries in history, basically 1935 created the opportunity, and the legal basis for collective bargaining, and created social security and minimum wage and a 40 hour work week with time and a half overtime. and all sorts of other incentives. it change the organization of the market, followed by a period of time in the late '40s and '50s and '60s when this country invested in education, higher education, primary school, secondary schools, infrastructure to a huge degree. the national defense highway act. i mean, we as a country, as a government, working sometimes against business, sometimes with business, we completely reorganize american capitalism, and made it work for everyone. >> to clear up one thing from your book, from that period that you seem to quote with approval, you talk about how american business is organized time and have come incentives operated, and you quote from the book, all our employees, not owners of their place in the system depends on the roles of democratic promotion. juiciness

roosevelt said in his labor secretary, frances perkins, one of the great they were secretaries in history -- basically 1935, created opportunity in the legal basis for collective bargaining and created social security and a minimum wage and a 40 hour workweek with china have for overtime. and all sorts of other incentives to change the organization of the market, followed by a period of time in the late 40s and 50s and 60s, when the country invested in education, higher education, primary school, secondary schools, infrastructure or to a huge degree. the national defense highway act. i mean, we as a country, as a government, working sometimes against business, sometimes with his nascar would completely organize american capitalism and may work for everyone. >> i mean, to quote one thing from the book from her. that you seem to quote with approval, you talk about how american businesses time and a half and you quote all our employees not donis. placing the system depends on rules for bureaucratic intrigue promotion. he seemed to say in a quick bureaucracy of how the leveling effect on inco

instead to frances perkins who was secretary of labor and sympathetic to the jewish cause and some otherassistant some other assistant secretary of state or under secretary of state. anybody but roosevelt, which made him apparently with which he was uncomfortable doing. so frankfurter, early in life, had earned a reputation as a liberal firebrand. that may discretion his watchword. and his attitude sometimes, his response reflected a mixture of apprehension and ambition. sometimes he exceeded even his considerable gifts. for once in my life i wished for a brief period ever not a jew he wrote with characteristic self-absorption to perkins. then i would not have the appearance of being sectarian writing you as i have written. while jewish leaders are range of meeting with fdr to discuss easing these restrictions, he demurred. he would be unwilling to act as a quote conduit exist it would create holy war with implications about unwarranted implications about his relationship with the president. his character idea was exquisitely nuanced. he would not join such a delegation, though he would