frankfurter -- just briefly, frankfurter and fdr had met at a lunch at new york's harvard club in 1906. they were both recent law school graduates from very different backgrounds, both very ambitious politically, and their connection and friendship continued on again, off again for 33 years until fdr's appointment of frankfurter. >> okay. >> okay. >> so, we've got three -- so far by my count, we've come up with three and one anti-jewish justice. >> right, right. >> so, we got mcreynolds out of the way. >> and he retires in the 1940s with -- >> all right. i promise you, we're coming back to all of these people, except mcreynolds. >> of course, of course. >> but who's next? >> okay, next is. >> so, frankfurter passes away. >> frankfurter passes away in 19 -- actually, he retires in 1962, passes away in 1965. he, interesting to note, all of the jewish justices were liberal justices by any definition. frankfurter had been a flaming liberal harvard law professor and attorney, but he became more and more conservative also in his 23 years on the court, and when he resigned in 1962, he was the

that was for the frankfurt press or the local newspaper.if you could not be in frankfurt for the legislative proceedings, you could have read about it because they were represented in this room. just a couple of other things to note about this particular room. when kentucky was deciding whether or not it was going to enter the civil war, whether or not it would enter in on the union or the confederate side or not enter in at all and remain neutral, every piece of legislation happened in this chamber and in the senate and also in the house of representatives. ultimately, kentucky decided to remain neutral for a period of time and then they came back to the drawing board and entered in on the side of the union. at one point in time, this building, like we spoke about earlier, was taken over by the confederate army. once the confederates were treated from the building, the union took it over and this room was actually used as a barracks for the union army. all of the desks were pushed over and a camp was set up for a period of time in order to

>> next is -- >> so frankfurter passes away. >> frankfurter passes away in 19 -- actually, he retires in 1962 and passes away in 1965. he, interesting to note, all of the jewish justices were liberal justices by any definition. frankfurter had been a flaming liberal harvard law professor and attorney, but he became more and more conservative in his also 23 years on the court and when he resigned in 1962 he was the most conservative member of the court, and he became a prophet or advocate of judicial restraint. anyway, john f. kennedy then appoints arthur goldberg to succeed frankfurt. arthur goldberg is the only one of the eight jewish justices to have served in the cabinet before. he was probably the best known labor negotiator in the country. he had negotiated the merger of the aflcio and president kennedy appointed him secretary of labor, and he served the shortest tenure, less than three years on the court because -- >> we're going to come back to this for sure. >> lbj persuaded him to live a lifetime position and he lived until 1991 to accept a position at the pleasure of the nat

in the end they chose to keep frankfurt as the state capitol. this building was the only building occupied by the capitol. the confederates were inaugurating their governor in this building when they heard distant shelling, and they knew that the union army was coming the confederates inaugurated their second confederate governor in kentucky. as soon as it was complete they heard the shelling and went thsh they got out of town. they burned bridges as they were leaving town in order to keep those troops at bay. the union used this building as a barracks during the civil war right in this doorway is where they were inewing our ating. as we move around the room here, another reason this room is significant, there are original pieces in the room during the time they used the building. the representatives you see here are reproductions. the pieces that are original to the building are the pieces toward the front of the room. on this side we have the clerk's desk or the scribe. that is the person who would be responsible for taking the vote on any pie

very much so. >> frankfurter was -- both brandeis and frankfurter and fortis -- >> it was abe fortis who drafted lbj's 1967 state of the union address. >> there's no reason to think that felixfurter had an overwhelming degree of influence both over fdr and over frankfurter's own many proteges in the administration. i'd like you to recount for us the episode you describe in connection with the holocaust of j jan karski -- this is something they did n that i did not know and i find amazing. >> jan was the representative of the polish government in compilexile. he had gotten into the auschwitz death camp and realized what was going on there. he then became the emissary to tell the western world what was happening in the holocaust. and he comes to the united states at the end of 1942 and with a report that he wrote but also his firsthand account of what was happening in the final solution. now, first he is told frankfurter is a very close friend of the polish ambassador to the united states. so he tells him you have to meet with justice frankfurter. jan tells him in documented detail abo

in the united states, the citizens of frankfurt offered up the tools and that's why frankfurt was chosen as the capitol. because we said the most resources and the money. the two previous state capitols that sat on the spot, burned to ground. it is a kind of way to commemorate what wept on in this building. when they were thinking about building the kusht capitol building, they wanted to think about whether they wanted to teep it here in frankly, which they did and whether they wanted to put it on the capitol. the architecture on this building is very stwr, very uni. 25 years old, and this was his very first job. and the two previous capitol billedings that had sat on the site burned to the ground. apparently third time was deform because this one has been here 181 years. they made $150 premium, he submitted his designs. he won. and three years after three in 1830, it was complete. and this particular building was the first public building. lots of greek elements throughout the building. lots of columns, lots of things to make you think of ancient greeks. the building itself from the ver

this apparently set felix frankfurter off. >> can you imagine frankfurter for 90 minutes. you see there's two copied and reading and lecturing whit taker, whit taker ultimately decided -- tentatively catch it. stewart was really on the fence. he had serious doubts that if the court allowed the district courts to hear cases he didn't think on the merits the petitioners could win. he recognized there was a problem but he wasn't willing to make up his mind. they waited a week, he said, i don't know what to do on this. can we reargue in the fall? that's actually why the case was reargued in october because it was a 4-4 split and potter stewart asked for it to be put over until the next term. >> it might be worth mentioning that they do not have that kind of conference anymore. there's no three-hour arranging that goes on. they're relatively short. they do the votes. they explain what their decisions are to their colleagues. now, none of us know because none of us have been in that room, only the nine justices are in the room. most junior justice sits by the door. if anybody ha

justice frankfurter was an aggressive guy. i thought it was very interesting to listen to that. >> one interesting note is that in the entire three and a half hour argument, he only asked one question. here the two clips really highlight quite well two things that are important. first one is frankfurter is taking apart ryan's case, one the solicitor general had identified as the weakness of ryan ffs case. so what if the situation is bad, the federal government doesn't have the right to step in. brennen is identifying an issue -- when he's saying is it's not just a matter of giving rural areas more reputation is that even within the rural areas there's no rhyme or reason to it. one rural district has this many and this district has this many despite having less population. >> so how many hours of oral argument the second time? >> another three hours. and when we get to the state represented cases, there are six of them. the courts spent close to 30 hours. and in this case, hundreds of pages of amika briefs. >> onto conference.

a lot of things were done in other cities, frankfurt and so on.e loss for the city, but not to the point that the city would be badly damaged. if the city loses 15% or 20% of its activity, it will remain one of the biggest financial centres in the world. second, more generally, on that, that depends on agreement that can be reached or not reached on trade. and i think the most difficult part of the negotiations is indeed related to trade, manufacturing activities, agriculture and fisheries, and that will be difficult. that is the most important, in my view, for the future of the british economy. and there has been quite a controversy here in the uk. boris johnson, the foreign secretary, and liam fox, the international trade secretary, perhaps not seeing eye—to—eye with the chancellor philip hammond and the home secretary amber rudd over the issue of freedom of movement of people post—brexit. how does this row look from your side of the channel? well, i think the basic view of the eu 27 is that if you want to continue to have full access to the mar

and frankfurter. they could have voted, frankfurter who tried to take credit for everything, he said he had special insight into south because he had taught southern students at law school, so he knew how they would react. he said if we commission this paper about the original understanding of desegregation that will give us sometime and maybe allow a consensus to happen. so vinson dies, frankfurter says there's a god and then earl warren is appointed by dwight eisenhower. >> who is earl warren? he's the former governor of california, the republican candidate for vice president in 1948 when tom dewey ran. and he's a tall, blonde, all-american moderate republican. this is someone who really made civil rights one of his callings in california. and called for the people to be brought together. he does have one stain on his legacy, a very important stain. and that is, supporting the japanese internment that you talked about so vividly in koramatsu case. and as attorney general of california, he had suppor

it's moving assets from london to frankfurt.us about that process. >> so, it's clear there in the throes of a brexit assessment program. john kline said to bloomberg tv last week that he generally does not know what the impact on london will be at brexit, so they are still thinking about it. the best case scenario is 4000 people starting next year and that stretch out over several years. they will be moving those thousands of jobs. --300sets, $300 billion billion worth of assets, it's a big move. vonnie: what's frankfurt like in terms of a city for financial markets? there are a lot of financial workers who already -- would it be a huge shift for frankfurt to welcome that many thousands more? >> i think it would change frankfurt somewhat. jobsuld add thousands of to a substantial financial industry. below 100,000 people working in the financial industry. up to 10% increase here. the problem for deutsche bank is many people in london don't want to go to frankfurt trade vonnie: we want to return to president donald trump. pres. tr

. —— frankfurt.t because the hub or the legal entity will be somewhere that it will be a concentration of all activities there. so i think it is a bit misleading to just look at those news. by the way, mufg that you just mentioned as already had a bank in amsterdam. so they keep using their banking there. is this what you are being told. —— told? a lot of institutions are looking at frankfurt, and of course germany is the biggest economy in europe. many banks has said that frankfurt is going to be their main base. are you being told some indifferent behind—the—scenes? being told some indifferent behind-the-scenes? absolutely. -- something different. in paris, there isa something different. in paris, there is a talent pool. other cities are relatively small cities, and that includes transit. in franc that, for instance, the activities are concentrated in banking. but if you wa nt to concentrated in banking. but if you want to move a big number of staff, coming with families, spouses or partners, and w

is it paris or frankfurt? that is the question in this is bloomberg. ♪ vonnie: paris or frankfurt. big question for bank of america investment banking. divided over the european union trading held -- hub. debate and what our sources telling you? reporting, going on to really figure out where the trading headquarters should be. there is paris, frankfurt, also in the mix. >> amalgam of options. they could possibly have more than one hub. classic exactly. you have read the story. mark: always. >> it is a possibility for bank of america to go ahead and choose multiple locations. some of our reporting was showing that we may have equities in frankfurt and then split off six income and that could be am paris. , debating ideas. mark: vonnie? vonnie: if i can, is this all or thelic consumption regulator consumption or the people who could possibly offer incentives? odd.rikes me as the more you say you are divided , the more people will offer you things, right? case, and france, officials there are saying we really like these to come here. they are offering tax benefits. they will roll back

frankfurter at withone point threatened to punch frankfurter in the nose because he was a hard professor always condescending him and treating him like a poker buddy and didn't respect him. and something like four votes to strike down segregation and black, douglas, and burton. three votes possibly to uphold it. vincent from kentucky. reid from kentucky and tom clark from texas. and two who seem undecided. frankfurter and jackson, who for the reasons tameka said, are in favor of judicial restraint and don't like segregation. new deal democrats but don't think the court should be stepping in here. the initial vote is taken and it looks like segregation is going to win and then all of the sunday before the court can decide the case, vincent drops dead of a heart attack. on the funeral train, on the way home from the funeral, felix frankfurter says to colleagues, this is the first indication i have had that there is a god. but then the court argues the case and wait to hear what happens the second time around. >> first, i want to get the attorneys on the docket for our viewers because there

but frankfurter put in that language. and there was lots of other hedges in that decision in brown, too. well, giving weight to public and privatecursions, should make a prompt and reasonable start, the problems related to administration. but disagreement, the court did say the vitality of the constitutional principles can't be allowed to yield simply because of the disagreement with them. as tomiko, a point she made, it wasn't until the passage of the civil rights act of 1964 was but the guidelines just a few years later threatened to with hold funds from schools that didn't desegregate, only then did full desegregation occur. >> so the court continued to struggle with affirmative action cases and another one scheduled for this term in the court. so what it really been the societal legacy of brown v. board of education? >> another good question. i would point to parents involved whether school districts could voluntarily desegregate. and there the court held -- it struck down the policies that were at issue. which in lou

frankfurt and paris both close down my london's footsie was completely flat. british advertising giant wpp saw its shares slump nearly eleven percent. after the company cut its full year revenue forecast. two new players are stepping up to the plate to challenge amazon in the voice shopping market. google and walmart announced a partnership today. to launch a new voice shopping service. starting next month us consumers will be able to by walmart products using the voice activated google assistant. both on a smartphone antoni google chrome device. is the latest in a series of moves from walmart to chip away at amazon's dominance dominance in the area. in april it partnered with ride sharing company uber. to offer online grocery deliveries to customers. meanwhile amazon is one step closer to closing a deal to buy u. s. organic grocer whole foods. whole foods shareholders today voted in favor of a merger with the internet giant. one of the last hurdles to ceiling to thirteen point seven billion dollar deal. the amazon whole foods deal still needs approval from u.

rather than them going to frankfurt.e of this point is not that they are going to go to paris. more and more they are going to frankfurt. what does he believe will turn the tide on that? >> he is trying to win this race against time. emmanuel macron was only elected three months ago and many banks have are a chosen frankfurt and other european capitals and set of paris in his battle to grab financial jobs out of london and brexit. he believes because france is going to reform really quickly because labor reform should pass, at least he hopes so, by september, and then there is the scrapping of the wealth tax and many other reforms, for example lowering the corporate tax to 25%. he believes if the government in france goes quickly enough to pass this reform, that will convince those banks who have not made their decision post-brexit quite yet, to choose paris over frankfurt. as you are mentioning, the evidence comes toward the other way at the moment. has artie chosen saidfurt and the hsbc has they will allocate 1000 jobs

so frankfurter knew something was up.was so frustrated at the point he turned his back to kearns when he was arguing the case and wouldn't listen to him any longer. but during the oral arguments the ohio branch of the american civil liberties union had a lawyer appearing. the first time they had done so. and they argued just briefly that maybe the court should reconsider wolf v. colorado. it was always in the periphery but it wasn't straight out in front of the court as this being the exclusionary rule case. >> because the obscenity statute was a broad, pretty dangerous statute. i mean it was a really broad statute. if you possessed a book that you opened and closed really quickly and never wanted to open it again but you knew there was obscenity in it, you could do seven years in ohio. >> that smith v. california precedent, it with us a slam dunk case. could be a one paragraph decision and instead it becomes the landmark supreme court case. >> here's a snippet from what justice tom clark wrote in this decision changing i

jason: i have lived in frankfurt so i might be biased about this. two very different cities in terms of size and composition of workforce. -- theret will depend are a lot of different reasons companies make decisions to relocate and why people move where they do. are to european cities that i cannot almost not think of that are more different than frankfurt and paris. caroline: i want to get your take, vadim zlotnikov. -- intending to move to the netherlands, ireland. we will see quite dispersion across the rest of the eu -- does therefore, does london manage to keep relative strength within the financial industry within the u.k., despite the fact that it leaves the eu? vadim: the single most important question for brexit. britain's trade with the eurozone is driven heavily by services, rigid girl he the export side. the import a lot of the goods. so the whole negotiation -- a lot of the import the goods. you will see movement from large financial institutions as they move people to the netherlands and frank for it and paris. in thery will be told n

the one holdout was justice felix frankfurter. what's fascinating about frankfurter is he wrote a decision called wolf v. colorado. he did something remarkable, he declared what using the incorporation doctrine, that the fourth amendment was a fundamental freedom. duly of as much protection as possible. >> but the order of liberties of being an american. >> the concept of order of liberty. >> also then said in the next paragraph that the exclusionary rule which he called a remedy which is judicially, could not be extended to the states. he didn't find merit in that idea. so felix frankfurter didn't want to hear this case, but eight of the nine justices granted review. >> and a couple of justices have joined, since our last landmark case, the new faces on the court, john harlan, potter stewart and charles whittaker. can either of you talk about how the dynamics of the court have changed with these three new justices? where are the factions? >> you had at that time the liberal branch of the court led by the chief justice earl warren

frankfurt is pulling out all the stops to attract the big banks.here are thousands of well-paid employees. it is far from clear that can be enough to knock london from its pedestal, when it comes to banking. reporter: 2017 will be a great vintage for italy's winemakers. a heat wave has crated the perfect conditions for an early grape harvest. black pinot, white pinot, and chardonnay grapes are ahead of schedule. it adds freshness. despite a drop in production, they will have a coworker of a year, predicted to make more wine than both france and spain. it is also set to be a good season for football. i will hand you back over to sarah. sarah: tomorrow is the traditional curtain raiser for the german football season, the cup to read it pits bayern munich against dortmund. bayern, it is a track -- a chance to get back on track after a difficult season. ♪ reporter: two mainstays of the bayern squad. despite advancing years and injury-prone bodies, they have 21 goals and 31 assists between them last season. the record german champions also need new bloo

there's paris, frankfurt, and dublin is in the mix.'s a possibility for bank of america to go ahead and choose multiple locations. some of our reporting was showing that they may end up having equities in frankfurt and split off fixed income in paris. you could see parts of fixed income being split between paris and other cities, as well. president donald trump has been promising to ease financial regulations. proposals under consideration could raise profits 20% at the six largest the banks and add profits.on in gross among the banks that could benefit most, j.p. morgan chase and morgan stanley. reduction from these leverage constraints, as well. >> these are the rules that banks complained about as they were being implemented. they were being dragged into things. they always said, no, this is going to hurt us, and of coarse, the years. slowly, they have been creeping up. there are small things, but they add up. they can buy more treasuries. they can buy more municipal bonds. then they make more money because they don't have to hold c

why do you think paris is already losing the race to frankfurt?the race, we will win the race of attractiveness because we are making the right decisions. arosek the questions that during the last month is, will they stand firm? we will stand firm. we will take the difficult decisions. we will lower the french taxes. we will make our country more attractive. we will take the structural reforms and the decisions that are needed. for instance, we will simplify the labor market. banks,hink that many many investors should be aware that france is changing. and that it is not something fake. this is something true. things are changing deeply in france. and that is why we will win the battle of attractiveness. mark: that was the french finance minister. will bring caroline connan in from paris. he wants the target the likes of google who do not pay taxes in france, how will he achieve that? >> the french prime minister -- is well aware that taxes are too high and this is why some internet giants are looking at legal ways to pay their taxes elsewhere. for

chosen lufthansa up over three percent that help the frankfurt dax along. onions with one hundred closing up nearly nine tenths of a percent. let's take a look at some of today's top business headlines. india's economy grew at its slowest pace since twenty fourteen for the three months ending in june. the country posted five point seven percent growth for the quarter that's down from six point one percent for the previous quarter. it's the fourth straight sets period of slowing growth. manufacturing seeing the sharpest deceleration analysts point to last year's can japan and. acts as possible factors. alors lafayette planned. wire locked a dude ba connick french department store has announced it will buy a fifty one percent. fashion and housewares retailer with an eye to eventually across acquiring the remainder. galleries chairman says the game is to establish a there are more than 32,000 people currently in shelters in the state. we have approximately 30,000 beds that are available for sheltering as needed and we continue to work on additional backup plan

in terms of the frankfurter concurrence, it's a famous concurrence as well. thing to note at the outset is besides black everybody else is going to agree that historical practice has some relevance and what frankfurter is going to say is that he thinks the principle way which historical practice will have relevance if there's a long standing unbroken tradition or practice of doing something. in his view there was not a long standing unbroken practice of presidents doing this kind of thing. >> and you have in the meantime the congress intervening. so you have very different wars that are pointed to by the truman administration, again, the statutory length and the aftermath of world war ii. >> we've talked about this as a presidential power and separation of powers case. one conservative blog that i was reading about this suggested that the fragmented opinions have left government seizure of private property vulnerable legally. >> well, i don't know about that. i think that this is -- this is so contextual, i mean, this depends so much on what we've just been s

there is paris, frankfurt and dublin in the mix. possibility for bank of america to choose multiple locations. some of our reporting was showing they may end up having equities in frankfurt and splitting off fixed income in paris. or you can see parts of fixed income being split amongst those two cities as well. a lot of it is there different debating ideas that have been floated. >> president donald trump has been promising to ease financial regulations in a piece out from bloomberg today, proposals under consideration could raise profits 20% to six of the largest banks, adding $27 billion of gross profit. among the banks could benefit, jpmorgan chase and morgan stanley. where is this money coming from? banks have complained as they were being implemented. they were being dragged into these things, they always said no, this is going to hurt us, and of course, the earnings and have been muted over the years. but slowly they have in these were alexa tions of-- were relaxa some of the roles, and that would help by more treasuries, by

an update on the market numbers for you — here's how london and frankfurt ended the day.n the united states this is how the dow and the nasdaq are getting on. the northern ireland blood transfusion service has apologised to 120 members of the indian community who were turned away from giving blood. they weren't allowed to do so because of confusion about whether they had been to india and needed a malaria test. peter coulter reports. members of northern ireland's indian community wanted to organise this blood drive to try and do something positive. they said ten months of planning went into the event and 120 were due to attend. there are people who had travelled from derry, and others who had travelled from further locations. there were all, like, indian people there. then there was confusion surrounding antibody tests for malaria, if you have been in india you may need a test for donating. most were then turned away. you don't need to present a passport for your citizenship, it was just looking at the face. they asked if we had been to india in the last six months. a cou

it's not europe, amsterdam, frankfurt, it's not paris, much as they would would wish it was.rase, he would say that, wouldn't he, given his views. he used to work with your colleague, the foreign secretary borisjohnson. with your colleague, the foreign secretary boris johnson. we know which side boris is on in the referendum debate. we the point is there i number of differences, we know some of the banks are looking seriously at frankfurt, we know paris is on manoeuvres to tempt business overseas and we know businesses are preparing. your right to say of course everyone hopes we don't get to a cliff edge no deal scenario but they have to prepare for the worst—case and making decisions employment, finding the local regulatory licenses, those ta ke local regulatory licenses, those take months, not weeks, not days, so people are preparing. one hoggies colleagues, professor patrick minford, said brexit can be compared to the event that gave birth to your modern political party, the repeal of the corn laws and he says we should simply abolish trade barriers without asking others t

the bank will transfer most of the positions to frankfurt and berlin when eu -- britain quits the eu.he job transfer could be higher or lower depending on the outcome of the new -- of the uk's negotiation's with the eu. officials declined to comment. france and italy have failed to find common ground over the shipyard on france's atlantic coast. in the talks which lasted less than an hour, italy did not budge from its demands that think anti-airy and stx have a majority state -- a stake. it's set up strained relations between the two governments. >> i am ready to come back to rome in september to try to achieve an agreement before the onting of the head of state the 27th of september. we are open to corporation -- to cooperation. we are willing to reach a stable and solid agreement. global news 24 hours a day, powered by more than 2600 journalists and analysts in more than 120 countries. this is bloomberg. guy and matt. rivalhe world's most company is expected to open at a new record high this morning. optimism. apple shares are trading 6% higher after reporting demand for the iphone

we know some of the banks will be looking seriously at frankfurt.e know paris is on manoeuvres to try to tempt business overseas. and we know that businesses are preparing. you are right to say that of course everybody hopes we don't get to a cliff edge no deal scenario but they have to prepare for the worst case and making decisions about employment, finding the local regulatory licenses, those take months, not weeks or days. so people are preparing. one of his colleagues, professor patrick minford, said that he thinks brexit can in many ways be compared to the event which gave birth to your political party, the modern version of your political party, the repeal of the corn laws. and he says we should simply abolish our trade barriers without asking others to do the same, just as we did in 1846 when sir robert peel, that revolutionaries insurgent in conservative politics, basically abandoned the pricey form of protectionism that kept up the price of corn when farmers in britain were under pressure. it reduced the price of food, it helped to stimula