lecture onto today's franklin roosevelt. this is history 2131 b.he introduction to american presidency. his is a second level course. in this class, we trace the development and evolution of the office of the presidency and we look into particular the presidents that have had the most impact on the shaping of the office. not all presidents get their own lecture, lincoln of course did, and the second one that has his own lecture is of course, franklin roosevelt who we will look at today. as i said earlier, i will be speaking on franklin roosevelt and his

it is called the office of emergency management and it is directly supervised by franklin roosevelt, so we list some of his grabs for power. president faced with a war emergency has to do certain things, but the extent to which roosevelt looked at this as an opportunity to really put his big government ideas into action, and you especially get this with taxation. he had been wanting high rates of withholding from a huge percentage of americans for his entire life, and use the war emergency to get that through. >> yes. two things really quickly, the standard narrative for the post war boom is the more spending built up this enormous pent-up demand in americans and i think the narrative you've explained is a counter to that because of centers on reduce regulations and tax rates. if truman wass, so aligned with roosevelt on , do you believe it died fromlt had not that he would somehow managed to do what truman according to you wanted to do, but because of political naivete or whatever , failed to do. would roosevelt have done that, and if he would have done what he wanted to do, keep tax

year defra frozen roosevelt was elected president, -- in 1932, the year that franklin d roosevelt was elected president, it was the most had said anyone had to pay. top incomes. most americans did not pay income tax at all. in some ways, that -- there is a problem with that. we only had 5% of americans paying any income tax as right before the war in 1940. war, twod of the thirds of american families were paying the federal income tax. and it started at 24%. the exemption was only $500. if you made over $500, you started paying the 24%. that been increased in a progressive way up to a maximum income overl $200,000. that means that if you want $300,000 on your third $100,000, you keep $6,000. you get to the government $94,000. a lot of people thought, hey, that might stifle entrepreneurship. it iselt believed essential in providing decent homes, good education, adequate medical care, this will be the basis of the funding of those kinds of actions. so, what we see is a dramatic increase in the taxpayer base, and in tax revenue. we see withholding introduced for the first time. we have a

roosevelts lectures. [applause] mr. thompson: i hope i can give up to my predecessors eloquence. if franklin delano roosevelt had served out the customary to terms -- two terms, if he had served from 1933-1941, he would have been known above all as a domestic president, a president who tackled the very great problems of the great depression, which professor devine talked about. a different president might not have paid much attention to the rest of the world. this was only 20 years after the end of what was called the great war, what we now call the first world war. what americans wanted to do was stay out of the affairs of the rest of the world. if there were problems in the rest of the world, these were four other countries to solve, and not for the united states. roosevelt was different in the sense that he had a great interest in the world as well as in his own country, but even roosevelt really only began to turn his attention to the problems of the rest of the world and how these problems might affect the united states about the time of his second election in 1936. it was about that ti

then he went to the oval office and franklin roosevelt, this aging, visionary man described to him what kind of world he wanted to build. mckinsey kept a diary nd it is one of the rare instances of where we have recorded roosevelt's vision. and it was in understanding that the world has so far been characterized by war, great power of conflict, colonial empires, economic -- and next line tatian. the united states cannot support the resurrection of that old order. we are going to try to do something different. we're going to try to build a new international order. he did not quiet a liberal international order but clearly that is what he meant. a world in which is at first will ask for the absolute surrender, the unconditional surrender of the -- powers. will ask the british and french to understand they cannot reconstruct their great empires, that we need a world in which freedom, liberty and self-determination has a greater scope. he wanted a world of open trade and open economics. he wanted a world of greater commerce in contact. but he also wanted a world that have more rules. so the

out to santa barbara island, and it had been declared by franklin roosevelt -- president franklin roosevelt as a national monument years before. it was their job to turn this island back to its natural state because during the previous century all these ranchers had come in and brought in all these exotic animals. they brought in cats and goats and pigs, and they were literally destroying the island. so anyway, while we dropped these scientists off on this island, we went on an adventure of our own, and my dad made this great lobster poaching case while we were there. that was just the beginning. here i am peeking up out of the galley watching this whole thing take place, and he's got these guys yelling and screaming, you know, these lobster poachers. it was quite an experience. and then later on there was a case where i was with my dad when i was a teenager on a night patrol, there was these duck poachers down in the willows area which is south of here. a lot of rice fields and this kind of thing. and what they call market hunters would go out at night, and they'd sneak up on these huge fl

so, franklin roosevelt had a vision, but what was the reality in the reality was that the u.n.as permanently grid locked because of the veto exerted by the members of the security council, the permanent members, and in practice what the u.s. did was to dismantle other people's empires and then build one of its own with, i think it is fair to say, mixed results. so i don't think we should fall into the trap, as i said earlier, of believing that the relative peace of the period after 1945 anything much to do with the institutions that franklin roosevelt discussed after that martini with mackenzie king. on the contemporary, it is illusion, a fake history to credit the relative peace of the post 1945 period on those institutions. it is an incorrect inference. the reality was there was considerable violence and it was a lot like the violence before, violence between two great empires, the united states and the soviet empire, both of whom pretended that they weren't empires. steven pinker's book will be like norman angel's great allusion. proven wrong, the first nuclear war that happ

roosevelt,o franklin and who was he? 13 1882.rn january he was born in a country estate and raised in affluent surroundings. absolutelydoxically loved by the common people. ,e graduated from harvard attended columbia law school, and, before graduating from loss will, he took the bar exam and passed. that was not uncommon in those days. cousin,ed his distant eleanor roosevelt, who was one of his great heroes. theodore roosevelt's needs. that was in march of 1905. he was very influenced and impacted by his presidency of roosevelt and he admired him very much. he won the state senate seat for dutchess county and, interestingly, no democrat had held that seat for over a quarter of a century. he worked on, and we look at his earlyinto political views and we see, during his first tenure as state passing he worked on farm and labor bills and to develop social welfare programs. as i said, he married eleanor roosevelt in march of 1905. this became a very important, not only personal relationship, but i would also say, elliptical

they sat down at dinner and roosevelt had a martini and didn't offer mackenzie king a drink because he knew he was a tea totaler and they went to the oval office, and franklinscribed to him what kind of world he wanted to build. mackenzie king kept a diry and it is one of the rare instances where we have recorded roosevelt's vision and it basically was an understanding that the world had so far been characterized by war, great power conflict and colonial empires, and economic america n mercantilism. they cannot support the resurrection of the world order. we're going to try to do something different and build a new international order. he did not call it a liberal international order, but that is clearly what he meant and it is a world where we would ask for the unconditional surrender of the axis powers. we will also ask the british and french to understand that they cannot reconstruct their great empires, that we need a world in which freedom, liberty and self-determination has a much greater scope. he wanted a world of open trade and open economics. he wanted a world of greater commerce and contact, but he also wanted a world that had more rules and so t

can see franklin roosevelt shaking his glass saying, what the hell is that? in any event, he became a pretty good politician, very good at p handling congress. very good hat hasn'ting republicans because his father was agriculture secretary, and roosevelt decides that when james garner -- by the way, roosevelt's first vice president was james garner, the former v speaker of the house. jew have your old democratic coalition. you can see it again withe kennedy and johnson. gardner is going to oppose roosevelt and is going to run against him. roosevelt's great meant was i think the vice president hasas thrown his bottle into the ring. and runs as henry wallace, the win their third team and everything is fine. we talk about he change of the party system. you have franklin roosevelt, four times candidate for president, and the middle of a world war, is playing poker on the white house boat, the pay mayflower, and sitting women if is a fellow named kelly, the labor leader; a mayor of chicago, another union leader and a governor. they tell him we can't sell your fri

and we especially spend some time in the new deal and, in fact, one of the great speeches franklin roosevelt set up a new deal was delivered here at the commonwealth club 85 years ago this year. so in a sense i'll be responding all be it a little bit late to what roosevelt said at the commonwealth club that day. so rugged individualism has had an interesting history, my mother who just passed away this year at a age 99 when i would ask her about her sports team she would say oh, they're up and down. they're up and down. but well that's kind of true a rugged individualism it had its ups and downs as henry famously said even a paranoid has real enemies and rugged individualism has had some enemies over the years. particularly during the progressive era, there was quite an economic chris teak of rugged individualism. and that continues through today. and i would say there's also been a sociological critique of rugged individualism that it has form of selfishness withdrawing from the society and we'll look at both of those so it has had had its ups and downs there are people who would say that i

so i'm on the telephone with my co-author and said as this c franklin roosevelt's forgotten man coming back to life and we discussed it and said you know, we think it is something different this time. roosevelt's forgotten men were people that he thought were forgotten by the economy that the big business was sort of running over people and people, the common man if you will need it the power of the federal government to check the power of big business and allow the forgotten man to have that protection. there are people that have been facing forgotten by their own government or that are being ran over or are not being well protected and cared for by their own government. and that is the forgotten man that we think donald trump isd h forgotten about the men and women that are not being well cared for were attended to by their own government. they are interested in the individualism or is he interested in the sort of big government collectivism but aimed more to protect those kind of people. and there is some evidence we can talk about. as we said, we see a little hope for the future be

and you can see franklin roosevelt, he became a pretty good politician very good at handling republicans because his father had been a secretary. and roosevelt decides that when james garner by the way, roosevelt, vice president was the former speaker of the house. so you have your own democrat coalition between the northern and southern conservative. you'll see again with kennedy and johnson. so he decides he's not going to oppose the nomination but is going to run against him. so he said i think the vice president has done his bottle into the ring. and he runs with henry wallace. they were in the third term and everything is fine until then. we talked about the change in the system. we have franklin roosevelt four times, in the middle of a world war is playing poker on the white house, -- there is a labor leader sitting with him, the mayor of chicago, and other union leader and a governor. and they tell them you know we can't -- where real people live. the ukrainians and many other people. they think is too close. and you cannot run with him. so he dumps henry wallace. in the middle of

on the mantle piece in the state dining house in the white house there was an a carving from franklin roosevelt from a letter from john adams to his wife abigail and he was the first president to spend the night there and he felt it was so important to be there forever. when the white house had to be rebuilt during truman's presidency, truman made sure it went back in the mantle piece. then when kennedy was president he had it carved into the marble part rather than the wood which had been prior to that. what adams wrote to abigail was may none but honest and wise men ever rule under this roof. what i love about it is he puts honest first. strength of character is what matters in that job. strength of and confidence that the american spirit is enduring and -- >> which is the title of the book. >> yes. and i have spent a lot of time with john adams and harry truman and theodore roosevelt and a feel many historians expressed the same thought. you get to know these people better than you know people in real life -- >> charlie: through their letters? >> exactly. and the letters are so revealing and

franklin roosevelt runs for president, happy days are here again, john kennedy says we need to get this country moving again. the democratic party for 32 until 76 and beyond, the party of hope, optimism and the future in the republican party is green eye shade, eat your spinach, balance the budget party and their message is me too. a lot of conservatives accused moderate republicans, me too, we can management better than the democrats, just do it better. that was their pitch. not an inspirational pitch, which is why they are in the minority from 32 until 68 and beyond. 68 was an aberration. reagan comes forward, the early leaders of the conservative movement like bill buckley and others have a coherent message that was based on the framers, founders, the constitution which had been cast aside or at least put on the sidelines from 32 on. we are reaching and iraq, go backwards, 32 to the 60s, most americans believe government is working, working for them. it didn't solve the great depression but a good effort and people appreciate that but it did defeat the empire of japan, nazi germany,

most people assumed it was just a done deal because of his close relationship with franklin rooseveltthat is just not the case. judge when you hear gorsuch sitting in his nomination hearing say that the court is not political, he is not political, and then you think back to felix frankfurter and louis brandeis and oliver wendell holmes, what is your reaction? holmes was the least political. he didn't read newspapers. his only source of news was the new republic. the reason he read "the new republic" was because he admired croley and lippmann and frankfurter. other than that, he didn't care about news or politics. but frank for an brandeis were real political animals -- frankfurter and brandeis were real local animals. i think all justices have certain constitutional values. brian: in the case of felix frankfurter, how close was he to fdr? mr. snyder: very. both brandeis and frankfurter are engaged in extra visual activity. they were still active in political affairs in the executive branch while sitting --the court, which coul grosstoday would be a violation of the separation of power

franklin roosevelt was also a great reader of history. eisenhower also, and kennedy.ack obama, great reader of history. charlie: barack obama recently, i fact, i said to him, happened to meet with him for a future project, i said, how has it been? he said he is already written two chapters. it's amazing. ien i was out in tahiti, started writing immediately. he said it's not a history, is a memoir. david: and it will be an important book. charlie: because of his influence and the capacity of his words. david: absolutely. very talented writer. and a gentleman. charlie: interesting, that. bush 41. there are going to call the book "the last gentleman," but the publisher wanted something else. david: i have known several presidents, either interviewing or spend time with them. nothing like you, but the one that i know the best is bush senior. i knew him and met him well before he got into politics. he's a wonderful human being. charlie: that's what comes out. a dignity and integrity, and patriotism. here's a man, who at 18 years yale, doesn'tat go to yell, he goes to enlis

and of course, franklin roosevelt was a reader of history.enhower was a great reader of history. truman, as we said. kennedy. barack obama, great reader of history. barack obama recently, in fact, on monday, i said, i happened to meet with him for a future project. i said to him, how is the memoir coming? he said, i have already written two chapters. i said, what? that's amazing. he said, when i was out in tahiti, i started writing immediately. it is not a history, but a memoir. david: it will be an important book. charlie: because of his unique insight and capacity with words. david: absolutely. very talented writer. and a gentleman. charlie: interesting, that. was goingohn meacham to call the book "the last gentleman," and his publisher wanted something else. david: i have known seven of the presidents. i have either interviewed them or spent time with them, nothing like with what you have, but the one that i know the best is bush senior. charlie: right, 41. david: and i knew him well before he got into politics. he's a wonderful human bein

] >> could you please comment on general marshall's relationship with frank on roosevelt -- franklin roosevelt? saul bellows said his most vivid memory of being a boy in chicago was walking through the streets hearing whatight he described as that magical comforting voice. it is impossible for me to imagine a person better suited to be president of the united states at that time in our history than fdr. not only was he able to hold the nation's hand and cultivated ,ind and can do with patients but he was also probably the , navy andr of men army. he was an able man himself, that we've ever had in the presidency, including george washington. he was absolutely remarkable. and it is enormously to his credit that his first pershing like meeting with marshall had exactly the same effect on president roosevelt. this is a 1939. all, he is called together of the senior members of the administration, including the not yet mr. war, simpson, but whoever was. marshall was brought in as a deputy chief of staff and one star general. do says the one thing we can is build as many as 10,000 airplanes, perhaps

and the franklin roosevelt park. this will shut down memorial bridge from around 10:30 this morning and that'll stay closed up until about 3:00 this afternoon. give you a live look now, take you out to the pentagon where bikers are already lining up. there they >>> 6:02 right now, pbs will broadcast it's star-studded national memorial day concert live from the national mall tonight. >> like most big productions, there was a dress rehearsal last night giving us a glimpse of what's to come. well the concert features entertainers singing patriotic music. actors telling emotional stories of losses, including a woman whose father died in combat when she was a child. one couple is visiting here from new zealand and was touched by the performances. >> i loved it. i really loved the story. >> very moving. you wanted those who sacrificed their lives for you and for us, really. >> the pbs production is in it's 28th year and it begins at 8:00 tonight. >>> well, not f police are trying to figure out who hung a noose in a tree. a

and i can see franklin roosevelt shaking his martini glass saying what is that? he became a pretty good politician. and his father had been agriculture secretary. and roosevelt decides that when james garner by the way, roosevelt's first by vice president appears you have your own democrat coalition was with the northern liberal and southern conservatives. you'll see it again with kennedy and johnson. garner decides he's not only going to oppose the nomination of roosevelt but hate going to run against him. roosevelt. i think vice president has thrown his bottle into the ring. and he runs with henry wallace. they win the third term and everything is fine that we talk about the change in the party system. have franklin roosevelt four times and in the middle of world war is playing poker on the white house boat, the mayflower and sitting with him is a labor leader. the mayor of chicago, another union leader and a governor. and they tell him you know we cannot tell your friend henry wallace -- the word chicago where real people live. where here many of the people. i

. >> first president franklin roosevelt gave the speech early of rolled whereto of freedom of speech and that was first on the list and the artist norman rockwellt a tn was at a town meeting in vermont a man stood up andnd to basically oppose with everybody else thought and disagreed with everyone else and they're ready was taking him seriously. nobody said said down and he was very impressed with that and that is the painting that he did to illustrate the nature of freedom of speech somebody speaking out alone, expressing his own views and being permitted to do that. >> host: he would go one to do paintings of the others and is published in the "saturday evening post". >>, the cover. >> good morning thanks for taking my call.int i wa obviously donald trump is proof positive freedom of speech is alive and well i am 7d i m. of federate i remember when kennedy was assassinated i think we see some history now that willt palin comparison to what we have already seen that mr. trump that said the thing about veterans, john mccain pod and the heather candidates and the democratic party. it

, except that franklin roosevelt pulled it off. the job that roosevelt had to do all of the agencies with the three letters he knew might not work maybe they would work. to prepare the american people to battle with a total battles in world war ii to great expediency, great powers of leadership. a little bit of demagoguery. there's probably an old -- or something that argued this point. i am not so sure that total immorality is not an asset for a political leader. i think that sometimes the morality has to come from the people for the leader and the leader has to pay attention to that. i think the vision and effectiveness are truly important. total immorality, no. >> where does nixon fall? >> it is hard to find much that nixon really truly believed in, or wouldn't do. in that regard he had the capacity to have been a great president and pull off things but it was that same lack of morality that got him in trouble. >> also in your work this idea that he was not ideological and that was something i was thinking about were talking abo

working alongside another beloved leader, american president franklin roosevelt, king abdulaziz began partnership between our two countries. king solomon, your father would be very, very proud to see that you are continuing his legacy. and just as he opened the first chapter of our partnership today we begina new chapter of our partnership today we begin a new chapter that will bring lasting benefits to all of our citizens. let me now also extend my deep and heartfelt gratitude to each and everyone of the distinguished heads of state, who made this journey here today. you greatly on a us journey here today. you greatly on a us with your presence, and i send the ward —— of the warmest regards from my country to yours. thank you. i know that our time together will bring many blessings to both your people and mine. i stand before you asa people and mine. i stand before you as a representative of the american people to deliver a message of friendship and hope and love. that is why i chose to make my first foreign visit a trip to the heart of the muslim world. to the nation that serves as

working alongside another beloved leader, american president franklin roosevelt, king abdulaziz began the enduring partnership between our two countries. king salman, your father would be very, very proud to see that you are continuing his legacy. and just as he opened the first chapter of our partnership, today we begin a new chapter that will bring lasting benefits to all of our citizens. let me now also extend my deep and heartfelt gratitude to each and every one of the distinguished heads of state who made this journey here today. you greatly honor us with your presence, and i send the warmest regards from my country to yours. thank you. i know that our time together will bring many blessings to both your people and to mine. i stand before you as a representative of the american people, to deliver a message of friendship, hope, and love. that is why i chose to make my first foreign visit a trip to the heart of the muslim world, to the nation that serves as custodian to the two holiest sites in the islamic faith. in my inaugural address to the american people, i pledged to strength

franklin roosevelt shared his vision of how we progress in the following fashion: he said, the test our progress is not whether we add more to the abundance of those who have much. it is whether we provide enough to those who have little. but the trump principle that was supported by 217 house members 20 days ago is the opposite. the trump principle is that the test of our progress is whether we add more to the abundance of those to have most while taking away from those who do not have enough. that's what happened. that's the difference between franklin roosevelt and government of, by, and for the people and president trump and 217 house members who passed a bill of, by, and for the powerful and the privileged. it's astonishing to me that this happened. the american citizens when they heard about the first version of this bill trumpcare 1.0, they overflowed the in-boxes. they proceeded to fill the streets. they flooded the phone lines. and people up here heard them and said, we understand. we don't have the votes to pass this trumpcare 1.0 in the house because we hear you telling us ho

talking and meeting with the saudi arabians, it is always good to mention the former king and franklin roosevelthat was in the most part a straightforward speech. i think the first stop on this nine—day trip has been fairly good. he obviously criticised iran. that will be welcome to the saudis. what do they expect from him? think you know, it is a region that has many moving parts. the elections in iran, the president's visit to saudi arabia and other arab leaders and spend the next stop to israel and then other stops to europe. i think they are looking for, what is the president's view, as contrasted to what they heard from candidates trump over the last year. i think thatis trump over the last year. i think that is one big variable. —— candidate trump. can he make a positive contribution? you're watching newsday on the bbc. still to come on the programme: the changing face of afghan tv — the new channel championing its female staff. also on the programme: we'll be looking at a new indian film — the true story of two female wrestlers — that's become a huge hit in china. ‘s this morning, an indi

. >> this year marks the 100 anniversary of the women's core is by franklin delano roosevelt. about american women in the armed forces with her book. this was recorded at the cincinnati va medical center. in 2010, it is a little over it was about 45 minutes. >> thank you, kelly, and want to thank the veterans' affairs medical center here in cincinnati and the all-women's american legion post 644 for making it possible for me to be here today. and i want to make a special thank you to booktv for helping us spread the word about the long-buried treasure of america's military women. this program has given us an opportunity to tell you about a national treasure which has been all but completely absent with leave from america's historical memory. even when united states history was required as a summit in high school and -- subject in the high school and colleges and many universities, textbooks and courses had very little to say about women, how they had contributed to the winning of world war i, world war ii, the wars in korea and vietnam. as a writing team of a nurse and a psych

room in the white house, there is a quotation that was first carved into the mantel piece by franklin rooseveltm a letter john adams wrote to his wife, abigail, the first night he spent the night in the white house. he was the first president to spend the night there. and then when kennedy was president, he had it cawrved into the marble part of the mantelpiece, rather than the wood, which had been prior to that. what adams wrote to abigail was, "may none but honest and wise men ever rule under this roof." >> glor: james fader is an actor known for his disark darkand destructive characters. he stars as the concierge of crime on "the black list." the series is now in its fourth season. >> nowadays, to a great degree-- and it's probably the reason for the explosion on television in terms of programming-- is that writers and directors and actors have migrated, to a great degree, to television to be able to pay for the plays and the films that they might like to do. >> rose: in other words, you have your own standards. >> i just-- i bury myself in the work. when i-- it's why, when i did films-- tha

guest: president franklin roosevelt gave a speech early during world war ii about the four freedoms, first of which was freedom of speech. freedom of speech was absolute first on the list. norman rockwell, the painter, the artist, saw, at a town meeting in vermont, a man stand up at a town meeting and basically oppose what everyone else thought. disagree with, everyone else. everyone was listening to him, taking him seriously. no one was saying, "sit down." with that. impressed that was the painting he to illustrate the nature of freedom of speech. , alone,speaking out expressing his own views and being absolutely permitted to do it and free to do it. host: rockwell going on to paint the other four freedoms. it was published in the "saturday evening post." tom, ohio, line for democrats. caller: thank you, c-span, for taking my call. the point i want to make is donald trump is proof positive that freedom of speech is alive and well. i am 70. i am a veteran. i remember where i was when john f. kennedy was assassinated. i think we are seeing from history that will probably pale in compa

franklin roosevelt throughout 1940 did record his press conferences and also sometimes recorded some other meetings. i don't know why. maybe he had just forgotten to turn off the machine. that is something that happens frequently that we historians benefit from. harry truman next, he used fdr's taping system once and said i don't have anything to do with that and after that did not use it very much. we know eisenhower recorded a little bit. s who starteddent recording in-depth were the ones from the john f. kennedy started 1960's. in the middle of 1962, just a few months before the cuban missile crisis. he recorded about 260 hours. lyndon johnson recorded about 850 hours, mostly telephone calls which are fascinating because you really get the real lyndon johnson when he is speaking on the phone. and richard nixon of course recorded more than 3000 hours. he had a voice activated system installed in the oval office in february of all the systems were 1971. secret, all these presidents fully expected to be able to recordings and until richard nixon on watergate, all of them were able to

that's all that you have to say about franklin roosevelt? you know, there are certainly times when a reassessment or renaming is called for. i think the y'aale's handling o the calhoun issue the second time around was artfully done. but you go to europe, there's monuments to napoleon and monarchs who did all these things and they're still there and nobody thinks we're blessing all of their worst deeds by continuing to have that history as part of our public life. i think there's something a little bit wanton and in the sort of let's take the names off, let's level. the better ways to go, i think, are to expand. i think this is what princeton is doing. you have more plaques, more information of giving a sense of why the school is named for him, good, bad, complex, that that more educated method is much better than the index of who's got to go. >> i actually found it personally difficult as this unfolded and i didn't have a clear answer. i speak as a professor, not aspirin ta as prince tton. my instinct was the renaming wouldn't have the kind

this class is about an hour, 15 minutes. >> welcome to today's lecture on franklin roosevelt. this is history 2131 b. the introduction to american presidency.

working alongside of another beloved leader, american president franklin roosevelt. king abdulla abdul abdul-aziz be partnership between your two countries, king salman, your father would be very, very proud to so that you are continuing his legacy. and just as he opened the first chapter of our partnership, today we begin a new chapter that will bring lasting benefits to all of our citizens. let me now also extend my deep and heartfelt gratitude to each and every one of the distinguished heads of state who made this journey here today. you greatly honor us with your presence and i send the warmest regards from my country to yours. thank you. i know that our time together will bring many blessings to both your people and to mine. i stan before you as a representative of the american people to deliver a message of friendship and hope and love. that is why i chose to make my first foreign visit a trip to the heart of muslim world. to the nation that serves as custodians of the two holiest citsites in the islamic faith. in my inaugural address to american people, i pled

>> franklin roosevelt historically complained there was no jewish pope and he wished there was the one -- would be one. jewish community is split in a lot of ways. there is a german jewish population that had historically been here for much longer than recent immigrants from eastern europe, who were more socialist, communist, labor organizers as opposed to the old school, wealthier german jewish population. icsre is a split in tact and how they are addressing the sm.eat of nazi i animis?here a level of >> anti-semitism is booming in the 1930's and 1920's. it is boosted by a catholic priest with a nationalized radio show who railed about the jews and money and was very popular. at one point during the war, jews are seen as one of the greatest -- not threats to the nation but people we should be concerned about watching. roosevelt is frequently criticized for being too pro -jewish. they say he is secretly roose nveld or roosenvelt. trying to make them sound more jewish. the fear that he has the jewish advisers. the secretary of labor goes out on a limb to advocate for increased immigrati

snyder: i want to show people that liberalism did not sprout up with the election of franklin roosevelt in november -- brian: are you a liberal? mr. snyder: i guess so. liberals have rebranded themselves as progressives. i would certainly call myself a progressive. i think what happened in 1912 in the house of truth is liberals began to form these networks. networks of politicians and lawyers and journalists and artists. even though they were not in political power all the way in the 1920's up until 1932, these networks were doing a lot of work for them. they were undertaking a lot of political change. that is the major contribution of this book, to show the early developments of american liberalism, a lot of which took place at this house. brian: is this going on today, where there is a house, salons in a town like washington? mr. snyder: this is a quintessentially washington story where young, idealistic or often ivey league or college graduates come and live in a house together and have dinner parties and network with various people. they might be working on the hill or might be work