frederick douglas made reference to lincoln. he always quoted that divine reparations sentence. the one about the 200 years of unrequited toil and every drop of blood drawn with the lash being. paid by another drone with the sword i think in a way that is what is offered to to african-americans. it is an admission of the nation's guilt. it's an acknowledgment that god was all along on the side of the slave. and it's a kind of vision of divine reparations and the fact that frederick douglass so latched on to that passage i think is in isn't indication that he understood what what lincoln was doing there with that with that line. think thank you very much indeed for that and thanks to all of you for this parsing of these. centrally important speeches. it's so meaningful to learn with all three of you. we have just seven minutes left or only constitution center will lose to end on time, but i think that's enough time for one question to each of you and some very brief closing thoughts. so michael brougham bonnie zedek a

as frederick douglas, who later led the bank said, the mission of fieldman's bank is to show our people the -- of wealth and beg being of the world. president lincoln signed it into law a few weeks before his death. the bank grew quickly. opening in 38 branches across 16 states yet all of us know the legacy of fieldman's bank is one of tragedy. overwhelmed by the panic of 18 3 combined with mismanagement, a general loss of trust in the institution and a systemic failure to invest in formerly enslaved and free blake -- freed black communities, banks closed. it created an economic night mirror for those who had entrusted the bank with their hard-earned savings. we're still living with the reverberations of not meeting the aspirations of senator sumner and we are still trying to create an economy that works for black families and other people of color. i think it's possible to draw a straight line from the failure of fieldman's bank to reece's redlining practices to the fact that the median white family has $13,000 in wealth compared to -- for the median black family. black, latino, asian

if you bundle the revo, frederick douglas center. because the customer hasn't kid, kid than thinks move is the customer doesn't give it to them. this warmer. that was the customer among the cam would have gotten them who's the real time bobo. but can you find a sense of belonging to walk down any street and cocktail? he can feel the present and spend community and the everyday heroes with communities together. i believe i'm the best good and i'm confident of my fall. logo's always logo in a new 4 part series as 0. those into unique communities revealing how they're adapting to 21st century challenges. a sense of community coming soon on a jesse o robert is going blind from a rare genetic disorder. as his son beholds the beauty of the world for the 1st time, roberts may be seen it for the last. ah, but has this genetic disorder been passed on to his son? witness a sky without stars on al jazeera with they train a plane. and a multi $1000000000.00 industry with her and mission is challenge by funny taishan and cultural tradition. holly

frederick douglas shared lincoln's thirst for education finding a way to learn to read, write and motivate became am respected speaker and abolitionist. at the beginning of the civil war douglas and lincoln has nod met.in. the friendship took root after they met. they would combine to recruit blacks into the army. help lincoln win and reelection and win a war. therefore providing freedom and liberty for all. before they could join forces for a post-war healing, bullets would set back the equality quest a generation. dignitaries found themselves in this park known as lincoln park to dedicate this me more aial. lincoln's memorial. the funding came from emancipated citizens. when it was time to take a keynote speaker they asked frederick douglass. >> the design of the statue still being debated. paid for by he mawns waited slaves. in 2020 it almost came down. >> the boston art commission has voted unanimously to remove the he man pace statue from the town square. during this time a frederick douglass statue was knocked off its fed pedestal. as of today the freedom statue remains and the dougl

me start with, one of our questioners suggested that perhaps james' speech was analogous to frederick douglas' speech on the fourth of july about what is the fourth of july to a slave. would you like to comment on that? >> i don't know if frank james was aware of that speech. he very well might have been. it's a famous speech. i can tell you that when douglass delivered that oration it was in a broader, 19 sectary -- century reformist millionaire that included -- millieu that included the preacher to the wampanoags. they might have known each other . they certainly had some of the same contacts. i think there is a constellation of influences that were bearing on james' speech and he might have hit on one of them. there is an enormous amount of overlap between reformers in the 19th century advocating for indigenous people and reformers advocating for african-american people. >> another question is, was this manufactured history, what was told in the residential schools? where indians were supposed to be transformed into americans? >> what a terrific question. i think you've just hit on a topic

. >> the words and work of frederick douglass to stir a nation in a film titled "becoming frederick douglas> northern and southern newspapers recounted colonel montgomery's victory, led by harriet tubman. >> the escape from bondage and daring missions of harriet tubman to bring others north from "harriet tubman: visions of freedom,," two new films from documentarian stanley nelson. >> these two people with different agencies, one freed themselves, and didn't stop at freeing themselves, but wanted to make sure other people were free. i think that is an important lesson. >> nelson who we joined recently in the harlem office of his nonprofit organization fire like media is one of the preeminent chroniclers of a wide range of african-american experience. civil-rights history including the films "freedom summer" and "the black panthers," the role of education in "tell them we are rising," culture in films like "miles davis: birth of the cool," and dozens more. his focus has largely been on the 20th century. in these films, he looks back further. >> truth is of no color. >> it felt a little bit h

that is what made frederick douglas great. they sought to use our constitution to advance freedom for everyone, not create division that my opponent says he will enforce with a redistribution of wealth. it is appalling and reflects the education question because that is part of his education program. that will not give us a world-class education. we need to get back to reading, writing, as arithmetic, stem education. part of my platform is to make sure schools turn on the hvac and it works. we will store -- restore world-class education in maryland. wes moore: when asked about education, you said i said something i did not say. this is part of a dangerous rhetoric that will move our state backwards. i honor what governor hogan said about you being unfit. you are putting that on full display. jason: there is back and forth listen to some college student. we have journalism students from saulsberry university. >> how will gun-control and crime convention -- crime prevention intersect under your administration? dan cox: it's impo

otherwise obviously power begets power and there's nothing there is nothing without demand as frederick douglasd. >> if you talk about what happened in rhode island men without property could not vote. and they said that's, just wrog so they resorted to bombing and all that stuff. ultimately men without property have the right to vote. women were denied the right to vote. that changed didn't happen because it was time. it happened because people like alice paul ida b. wells decided they were going to do something to make sure this happened. there was a march in 1913 whereby men marched for the right to vote. they were beaten here in washington d.c.. they were beaten for trying to protest for those rights. our system of political apartheid didn't end because it's time with that. it was because of people like dr. martin luther king and those three civil rights workers in mississippi who gave their lives. other people sacrifice. we talk about people in the south who sacrificed medgar evers. all these people and what they faced to get the progress we now enjoy. your question is a good one. or be wi

you know frederick douglas said that a man went out. the ability to fight back without power.t's not a man. you said that human nature is constructed where they cannot respect your weak, man. he said that they can pity him and only for and only that's four time unless the natural force of power you shown with daniel. you cannot be free. unless you can defend yourself. we see what happened. with the george floyd riots democrat mayors told the police to stand down. well people came to and kicked people's doors in and just robbed them. turn the police to stand down. we see what's going on in ukraine now another country invaded. and their government doesn't have the ability to defend them. it is a natural state of power and this is something that makes me angry. i'm strong. i talk about the biggest problem in america right now in the black community. it's not white racism. it's black male cowardice. is us black men not defending our families not defending our neighbors matter of fact, not just not defending. we have the provocative tools of violence. shooting killing carjacking sm

that is what made frederick douglas great. they sought to use our constitution to advance freedom for everyone, not create division that my opponent says he will enforce with a redistribution of wealth. it is appalling and reflects the education question because that is part of his education program. that will not give us a world-class education. we need to get back to reading, writing, as arithmetic, stem education. part of my platform is to make sure schools turn on the hvac and it works. we will store -- restore world-class education in maryland. wes moore: when asked about education, you said i said something i did not say. this is part of a dangerous rhetoric that will move our state backwards. i honor what governor hogan said about you being unfit. you are putting that on full display. jason: there is back and forth listen to some college student. we have journalism students from saulsberry university. >> how will gun-control and crime convention -- crime prevention intersect under your administration? dan cox: it's impo

so so all of the wealth in the south, you know frederick douglas is arguing this coming off of the backs of enslaved people. they were making america a reality. so if anybody had steak as americans it was black americans and this was a delicate line for for lincoln because he came to realize along with you know, the agitation of various abolitionists generals philanthropists civilians. he was constantly getting advice from everybody because this is back in a time where presidents like lincoln still meet with people on a week to week basis and hear from the public. it's very different contexts, and we're used to now so he he definitely had to be dragged along to that to that stands and for him. i think the process of enabling it as a war measure under the powers that he had as commander in chief was the way that he could square this this strategy essentially a military tactic that he recognized had value and i think is best expressed perhaps by somebody like henry halleck to grant in march 1863 by saying that every slave removed from the is a white man taken from the battlefield for the c

lee but wholesale toppling, defacing statutes across the country and statutes of frederick douglas and statutes of abraham lincoln here in my own hometown of philadelphia someone actually defaced a statute of a prominent abolitionist figure. what they felt they were doing, i don't know. so much of it seemed to be an act of irrational impulse and i see the removal or toppling this way i get to see removal by irrational impulse, that's when we are doing something little less considerate and less logical than we think we are doing. back in 2017, riot circled around in charlottesville and i sat down with rudy, officer, we worked up what we call a decision because how do you deal with monuments and statutes? and there are moments, on the one hand, you simply can't say it because the statute is there- in 2003 when american forces arrived in baghdad, one of the first things that happens is tearing down the enormous statute of saddam hussein. i think we are better planet without them but how do you arrive at decisions for people who are represented by statutes who haven't been around for 150 y

lincoln prize winning biography a few years ago frederick douglass has moved back to the front of the conversation. so i want to i want to talk about douglas a little bit and maybe use some of the last of our time to to dig deep on frederick douglass and abraham lincoln. now they may have had the most controversial relationship. i think of any african-american historical figure and lincoln. i've i've seen the exact same quotes from douglas used to prove that douglas liked lincoln or douglas hated lincoln, right? so before we talk about the specific meetings or anything like that, can you tell us about what do what do we think or what have we thought about douglas and lincoln and why has that been so controversial? that's a great question. i think a lot of what we think about douglas and lincoln comes from douglas's speech at the dedication of the lincoln statue in washington dc which of course has gotten a lot of media in the last two years is the one that shows lincoln towering over an enslaved man who's rising up from bondage and it was paid for entirely by former slaves started off by charlotte scott a slave from lynchburg, virginia who

lincoln prize winning biography a few years ago frederick douglass has moved back to the front of the conversation. so i want to i want to talk about douglas a little bit and maybe use some of the last of our time to to dig deep on frederick douglass and abraham lincoln. now they may have had the most controversial relationship. i think of any african-american historical figure and lincoln. i've i've seen the exact same quotes from douglas used to prove that douglas liked lincoln or douglas hated lincoln, right? so before we talk about the specific meetings or anything like that, can you tell us about what do what do we think or what have we thought about douglas and lincoln and why has that been so controversial? that's a great question. i think a lot of what we think about douglas and lincoln comes from douglas's speech at the dedication of the lincoln statue in washington dc which of course has gotten a lot of media in the last two years is the one that shows lincoln towering over an enslaved man who's rising up from bondage and it was paid for entirely by former slaves started off by charlotte scott a slave from lynchburg, virginia who

new york 1954 on the fourth of july and his speech has been equated a lot of times to the frederick douglass douglas. speech. what is the fourth of july to a black man? same concept? what does the fourth of july mean to an indigenous person? so john quinney gives this great speech and i want to leave you with this and i want you to think on it and i want you to meditate it meditate on it because it means so much. my friends your holy book the bible. teaches us that individual offenses are punished in an existence when time shall be no more. and the animals of the earth are equally instructive that national wrongs are avenged national crimes atoned for in this world to which alone the confirmation of existence adapts them. these events are above our comprehension and for a wise purpose. for myself and for my tribe i ask for justice. i believe it will sooner or later occur. and may the great good spirit enable me to die in hopes. thank you very much for including me. i look forward to your questions and i turn this over to my next elder joe baker. thank you. thank you very much heather joe. hello, eve

lots of people know about lincoln's interaction with frederick douglass, because douglas would describe them in his autobiographies to some detail, little have been down about lincoln's interaction with other black people. thanks to the enormous utility of modern word searchable newspaper databases, i was able to dig up a lot of information. everything in print needs to be updated thanks to these databases! thanks -- what i found was both in springfield and in washington, lincoln interacted with a large number of black people. all of whom commented on how respectful he was. how kind and generous, it wasn't just courtesy. it was gestures, and actions, based on appeals that they made. it indicates to my way of thinking that lincoln was and instinctive racial egalitarian. >> fascinating, thank you so much for that. thank you for calling our attention to the tremendous significance of digitize primary text. it has indeed transformed historic resort and indeed aren't standing of lincoln. well noah feldman, you argue so powerfully in your book that the original constitution of 1787 was broken

>> so, you do see quite an art of change in the relationship between frederick douglass and abraham lincoln. and as you say, douglas changed? >> yes, very much so. >> not just the evolution of lincoln. >> yes, yes. >> yes. well, we have a few minutes left here. still, way too much stuff i want to talk about. but that means that you folks at home, reading "a house built by slaves", and really read this remarkable book. i want to take a minute and do a straightforward plug, for, to address you as my friend. this is a different book that you wrote last year and these two books really to go together can you tell us a little bit about, and your role in this book, officially as an editor. but more than most edited collections, there's a lot of new information, analysis in this book. so briefly tell us a little bit about how "to address you as my friend" brings us to "a house built by slaves". both of them i guess are about interactions? >> yes. i found that about 125 letters from african americans to lincoln. and most of these letters have never before appeared in print. these very famous, large volumes of freedom, south

frederick douglass. francis scott key's nephew was one of francis douglas' pen n ames. amazing how that story is with american history. one of the interesting things about the history is it doesn't really fit the current political symbol of occasions. it doesn't fall into good guys and bad guys quite as easily as maybe we would like it to. we certainly know in history after the civil war which side freedom and justice is on, and francis scott key was not clearly on that side. he was looking for a pragmatic solution to slavery that could be done legally, carefully, that wouldn't hurt anybody. so much of our history was based on this compromise, to sort of make the land of the free also a land of slavery. and francis scott key was struggling with that. i look at his ideals, and their goal was to find a middle ground between abolition and slave-owning two free individuals and then create a pathway to taking them outside the united states. it is inherently racist because they are not people from africa, they are americans. saying you can be free but you have to go away was

replica was taken down in massachusetts and frederick douglass' great, great grandson listen, leave it there. if you want to do anything, put another statue of douglasng where speaking in front of that statue years later. then i find out in rochester, new york, riots take down the statue of frederick douglass which is really where he spent most of his free life in rochester. i'm thinking to myself what is going on here? it tells you in their day they they were extraordinary people even today. we keep judging people by my our generation instead of the generations they were born. that's all the story i think america needs to hear and i kind of like where we are as a country now. i think we have calmed down, simmered down and learning about these two would only benefit us. >> ainsley: they want to remove the statues because they don't note history. >> brian: they don't know the history and they don't like the depiction. >> steve: they need to read your book obviously because you would learn what each were about. abraham lincoln knew time was up for slavery but he couldn't figure out how to do it without breaking the country. >> brian: absolutely. two d