this isn't just about things like tyre of, so g, d, p, your interest rates. it's but some fundamental things which many people here in europe. i've come to take for granted prosperity, security. democracy. recently really strong. you dedicates almost $400.00 pages to exam or easy be cheap, the special challenge facing the you economy. the central message, europe is not productive or innovative enough. and if it doesn't take action now and won't be able to survive and the world was ever more hostile to us. in this episode, we speak to the same retarding prime minister enrico let the, the, your group president pass code on it. to other people. task was we making the you economy for the world and wasn't designed. we are in the right, a lot of situation. we have to move, we have to act. i definitely think there's an awareness to monk flow for. it's all over europe regarding the degree to which the world is changing. and we ask one of the leading commentators in the global economy. what's at stake if the u comes of short, this free, easy suspension for europe? if

and e u economies has whiten since 2010, told u e to g d p. that represents less than 3 quarters of the us total. 20 years ago, you accounted for a quarter of global gdp just behind the us on way ahead of china. after that, both of us and you shares declined as china experienced a dramatic search. over the last decade, the u. s. chair has increased again while the use has been steadily declining. beyond all the individual crises that the you assessed. it was known for a while. it as a bigger problem, which at most handle that's why it is compiled to major reports recently focusing on to economic areas. one, it's single marcus. i'm to its ability to compete in a world economy that's increasingly dominated by the us. i'm china. what's happened? these are sort of form of learned helplessness. they said they are aware that is a problem. and, and in driving was off status was in rico. let's resolves to investigate these issues because people know there's a problem. the letter reports and the drug you report aim to guide you out of its current malay

ended of i know pattaya in the g d r. one party was empowered, the communist party, hiding this party, wanted to decide everything. so just go to it was against discussing its decisions or so the state security insured there were no surprises and that the party could enforce its decision. sometimes one of the things used to hinder descent was this on spectacular looking truck fitness looks like an ordinary vehicle. to me like an old truck or, and delivery truck. but this band has, has quite a bit of significance. doesn't that i get to use. that's not true. that of course it's just the truck numbers, but it's also a simple in the state security use such as trucks to transport several 1000 political prisoners every year. and the principal to hear this truck might look non descript. but the feeling inside this vehicle was claustrophobic. and anything but comfortable very interesting. by the time the berlin wall fell in 1989 the stars they had around 91000 full time employees and approximately 189000 unofficial collaborators.

these were agents who operated outside the g. d. r illegally in what was called the operational area and they had to make sure they were not competition that the man largely responsible for this massive state sponsored spy operation in east germany was eric milka here at them. and this is where the minister for state security were army general arish, me kind of like he was also a member of the party leadership as of these and their state security was strongly based on me because of the concept of total control and control. what happened to him when the wall fell? for hospital, he was arrested majority with a murder. he had committed 60 years earlier. and as i said, he was investigated for 30 crimes, including corruption and other such offences. and nicole to deal has been sentenced to 6 years in prison, but what was released after a few years from them and died in a nursing home as a free man. i much filed on, on january 15th 1990 after the fall of the berlin wall, demonstrators took over the former headquarters to end this operatio

in the former g d r. this complex of buildings located in berlin used to house the former east, german secret police, which method to the east german spies service, the shies, the use to observe and control the citizens of the g. d. r. i meant the former started the headquarters here in berlin to find out the status, the maintain control through a fast network of informants and intimidation. the former dictatorship effectively suppressed just sent my guy today is spend baron to managing director of the museum . he works to preserve the history of this building. what was the primary function of the sizing, intensity of i know pattaya in the g d r, one party was empowered, the communist party, hiding this party, wanted to decide everything. so just go to it was against discussing it decisions or so the state security insured there were no surprises and that the party put in force its decisions. one of the things used to hinder descent was this on spectacular looking truck. and this looks like an ordinary ve

even in the g. d, off the the, the can, did you happen to do and yet, and move to berlin. in 1983, it was bid that she 1st encountered the war. let's leave it on beach and suddenly i found myself standing in front of the world. and i realized this will seem to go on forever. obviously the bar across the street and stood right in front of it. and i want to look at as far as i could go. and it was that the sy 1st dreamt of painting the light in 1989. shortly before the wall fell, big bought herself a trap on deluxe. the very same one she later painted under. mueller, and as with many east, germans owning and driving the cause of liberating experience, copy, it was a wonderful feeling with the company. i had the feeling of freedom. and it was the tiny to stroke that led her to produce the work for which she's best known today. as for the model of the 5 is when the world, so i read the newspaper article about how all just from all over the world with being invited to paint on the lawn. i dropped everything when i put my paid supplies into my chubby and drove straight to the wi

of the cold war and to pay for it a caught in for an age spending from point 5 to point 3 percent of g d p, which will take britain's development policy back to the 1990. so previous labor governments have always raised development to age, and the prime minister did look uncomfortable at times. but he did say and making this note is going to be the hard choices he's had to make. he says that the country security comes fast. russia is a menace and britain's hold of proof to defend spending must now change labor ahead committed to increasing defense spending in the manifesto. but it's the timing of this announcement that is key. the prime minister is due to meet president trump at the white house on thursday. and with this he might be hoping to peace from who is being repeatedly cooling the nature of governments to increase the defense budget. you might also be hoping to find some common ground with trump, who is also recently caught his countries for an age spending no storm and says that the u. k. will continue to play a humanitarian role in places like see don ukraine, and because as we

since that time, serious economy has drunk like 85 percent of the country g. d p. dropping from 67500000000 to 9000000000 in 2023. 90 percent of syrians now live in extreme poverty. nearly 13000000 do not have enough food. the sanctions also made it difficult to bring it aid and medical supplies, and experts estimate that it could take decades to return to the pre award g d p. that was the g d p in 2011 and another decade to fully rebuild the country. joining me in the studio is leaving the hosp, the story, and political and less than director of the syrian association for citizens dignity . today's of is a significant day. i think you'll agree a very important day for syria. it is the beginning of this national dialogue supposed to be really the beginning of the road for this political transition that could stretch over 4 years suppose to end with the constitution and with elections and people choosing their next leader in syria. do you believe in this process? well, 1st of all, thanks for having me. i think it's very important to know what the event in its his

central bank governors into an annual summit of lead, as the block accounts for 80 percent of global g d, p, and 75 percent of international trade. it also takes to ensure international financial stability track of climate change and advance sustainable development initiative. leadership with the g 20 will transition from south africa to the united states is due to hold the summit in 2026. my kind of report style from janice black. it had an opening we thing g 20 summit to organizes outlined the agenda. numerous working groups discussing topics ranging from trade to climate change all under the umbrella slogan, solidarity equality and sustainability. but there's a clearing emission among the guess us secretary of state marco rubio will not be present while you caught in the event to protest what the trump administration wrongly says. a plans by the south african government to seize land from quite farm is the sanction formalized one of the many executive orders signed by president donald trump. in the last month, it's titled addressing egregious actions of the republic of south that terr

will raise defense spending to 2.5 percent of g d p. over the next 2 years kissed on the told parliament that europe isn't a new era of in security. this comes 2 days before he's due in washington to try to persuade donald trump to continue support for ukraine on nato from nuclear technology of the use foreign policy cheese kind of callous is traveling to the united states to discuss the prospective and the war in ukraine. with the us secretary of state small co rubio. pub is it comes off to the french president and menu, or my call met from on monday relations between the us and europe. the grown increasingly strange is most go and washington grow closer. speaking to john list as the head of head trip call, us insisted that you're a new crane must be involved in forging peace with russia. you can discuss whatever you want. so with the with good thing, but the, if it comes to europe or ukraine and then ukraine and europe also have to agree to the 1st that has to be peace and so far of routine advice that does not want this house to me.

first of pushing them all to spend of the agreed decision of 2 percent of the g d p. many of them still don't meet sights of trump of coal, say now 5 percent of the g, d p. well i'm, i'm, i'm not sure that now i'm thinking about this in terms of present trumps old is because it's actually the concerns about what the us will do is why you are if history is reassessing its defense needs. but i think there is a general view here that europe may well need to do more and spend more on defense, particularly if it comes to a scenario when there is no peace deal of ukraine and the us is not anymore. supposing ukraine europe needs to have the, the power potentially to support the ukrainians on the road. or i, james, when he thinks of them to a james base, the munich and most go to support his. so if the russian opposition leader alexi and the found the governing to mock one year since his death, hundreds of met 1st harmony by his grave with the several even bosses and attendants, the found he died while serving a 19 year prison sentence. he was on the most prominent critics of

of the problem is that happy and facing no country except for posed and can get to 5 percent of the g d beats for defense spending. now, what does that mean in particular, it means that your bills have to rethink that to the security strategy and they have to own and leave their own defense for the near future. we ought to also say that the reason that these heads that says something very important, which is a guys, he said, that's a guys when he describe us trust stock. do you have political developments on the ground? europe may no longer be a top priority for uh, the united states of america, which is no more focused on, containing the evergreen rise of china globally. okay, thank you. hi, sham. have someone heard about our reporting from brussels? we'll cross over to ellen fisher joining us now from washington dc. so the defense secretary, alan is been pretty much laying out washington's policy. washington's proposal, i should say, to end the war and ukraine. but talk to us about what terms policy has been on ending the war. a donald trump told us that if he won the election, even b

general said the alliances members were increasing the defense spending to reach 2 percent of that g. d p. this home where your brain is on the battlefield. the stronger day will be as if you go straight to the table. the greater the chance of getting a good deal for the lasting piece this is know is also russian. besides trying targeting, keep on wednesday, the will shows no sign of letting up nature members the pushing ukraine to a pretty much your, the could you in bold in russia to expand its influence across europe? us president donald trump, once they to members to stop relying on us protection and spend 5 percent of that g, d, p on defense. it demand dismissed by germany and many of the european countries. long as of its type, which we see is a target of 3 percent or 3.5 percent is not the main issue. what method is, is a clear continuous increase in defense spending. as i often say, we need a security mixed generation plans on one of them and choose sustainable long term investments and defense capabilities and the parents. until a few days ago they to and you members were hopin

that's after a claim that an article that g d funds had directly accuse rush of meddling in romania is election on the also board scorn on the decision in remote romania as he called it to cancel a presidential election because of clear evidence of russian manipulation of the political campaign, if your democracy can be destroyed with a few $100000.00 of digital advertising from a foreign country, then it wasn't very strong to begin with. he said, yeah, that's what the time is alleged. now the story centers around colleen georgette school who won the 1st round of the remaining and presidential election november the constitutional coordinator and know the results i made on the substantiated claims that the on thing nato candidates had some hot benefit from russian interference with the interest in either new york times itself has previously pointed out the vagueness, although it was very accusations. the intelligence documents released publicly by romania provided no evidence of a russian rule. only the observation that russia has a history of interfering in the electoral processes of o

it's g d p dropping from $6.00 to $7.00 and a half 1000000000 dollars to 9000000000 dollars and 202390 percent of syrians now live in extreme poverty. nearly 13000000 don't have enough foods. the sanctions also made it difficult to bring in aid and medical supplies, and experts estimate it could take decades to return to the pre or g d, p in 2011 as another decade to fully rebuild countries. let's say it's a rob guy's been sold as elect or an international security at king's college ones in joining us from london. thanks for your time. let's talk about the messaging that's may come out of this national conference right now. first, i'm on the domestic front. what is the message that middle shudder and this new administration is sending to the local syrian population as well? i think the keen total message is that unity is stressed many, many times you know, this concept of the syrian people warm that were altogether different ethnicities. and religions are welcome in this new rebuilding of the country and this has been met out showers or narrative since he came to power. and this is som

currently a 2 percent of g d p that would call into question nato's core principle of collective defense. the u. s. currently has the biggest military of all nato members. the u. s. also has the most sophisticated equipment and intelligence. there were several military capabilities that nature only has because the united states has it tends if the us withdrawal. so it just kind of decides to be less involved in nature. this can create real, real, real, immediate issues. so why is europe and why is germany so dependent on the us for it security? guess what? it has a lot to do with history. it may 1945 nazi germany surrendered. soon after world war 2 was over was more than 60000000 debt on the battlefield. and as victims of german atrocities denazi's guilds, many millions of jews, people with disabilities, cynthia, and roma, homosexuals, and many other persecuted groups. germany was split into 4 zones of occupation controlled by the victorious allied powers. the united states, the united kingdom, france, and the soviet union. and berlin, right, in the middle of the soviets sector, was also

look who's a g. d is among the many distraught parents. one of my children went missing during the commotion when we were evicted from the camp. when i tried to sleep, i wake up. i'm so bored in straits that i cannot even provide food for the other to help seems unlikely to come soon. and 23 is fighters of told many counties a complex and they'll provide services of which the still no sign. the un says thousands of people have been killed in the last 2 weeks, and hundreds of thousands of children are at risk of recruitment by on groups and sexual violence. these children will not find that parents, that wolf and many of the children of soldiers will fight as he's been killed. some of the women here were being raising orphans throughout decades of conflict. it began when we're wondering, uganda 1st invaded colgate in 1996 feet. it says her parents died 2 years ago in the territory of msc at the time. being resident said m 23 killed rate and emptied entire villages to take from land and 23 to nice committing atrocities. the book i'm show mod

but i think the bigger issue in canada is the one percent of defense spending one percent of g d. p, a spent by canada on defense. it's, you know, obviously way below the nato, the north of north american treaty organization, level of that's required the minimum level of 2 percent of judy peace. whereas if with mexico, it's more the open border and the sense that all the drugs, that's poisoning many americans about $80000.00 per year. that's a much bigger issue then then really any kind of economic challenges. and then of course, with the you, they have the same problem, but the european union is only spending, you know, a slightly less than 2 percent on average. but most importantly, germany and france are well below their targets. and i think that's disappointing to the president. trump, in so many in the administration. of course i'm president, trump is objecting to the content trade arrangements with canada and mexico. they all based on something called united states and mexico, canada agreement, which at the time was described as a historic achievement. the gold standard of t

and experts estimate it could take a decade to return to the pre award g d p in 2011 and another decade to fully rebuild the country. rob guys tenfold is electra and international security at the king's college london. he joins us from london and is this national dialogue a good representation of syrian society as well. so now shaw has managed to reach out to various different groups and slowly bring them into the fold. but there is an elephant in the room. he is the one key presence that is missing is the, the, the syrian democratic forces. the kid is like group operating in the east of the country. now h d s. the hedge do us like government and to showers government. and because the staff have been negotiating for a long time over how and if they will be integrated into the new central government and their own forces responded and also integrated. they have not reached a deal. and it simply wouldn't be possible for 2 kids to have, and that's the presence legitimize in that room today. but as a result, that means there is a glaring absence and is not just the staff as well. there is di

countries still aren't reaching, they are required defense spending targets of 2 percent will be a g d p or yeah, i'm just calling you from from process i'm attending a new music that was close on the topic here and then criticizing, especially from american colleagues as these these nations are in do i wonder why they say they didn't choose the we don't get staying as long as it's still at 1.3 percent and they, they prioritize it, the other, the other thing, social benefits and other things over security and even germany. we have a problem. we only have our defense budget with 1.5 percent. and we just reaching it was to some metrics. so adding $20000000000.20, all of the sudden the program and, and so just read $70000000000.00 to have to present from jimmy jimmy antonio's or how do you, which is the c 2 percent and i could consent to then then the all the nations here and having trouble even getting more because we talking not about 2 percent. we're talking about sleep on 5 percent in the few, jo, even though it's like we have an intake and the summit of an a drawing some a and, and i

the turn key, turn key, but you 27, no spending around 2 percent of g d, p on defense. and yes, our defense spending went up from just over 200000000000 before the war to know over 320000000000 last year. but we will need to increase that number considerably once again. because from just below 2 percent, to above 3 percent will mean hundreds of billions of your more investment every year. so we need a bold approach. let's take one step back. in previous extraordinary crisis. look at what we did. we have the power to spend the states with extra fiscal room by activating the escape clause. in simpler terms, we empowered member state to substantially increase public investments link to the crisis. i believe we're now in another period of crisis, which we're on a similar approach. and this is why i can't announce that i will propose to activate the escape clause for defense investments. this will allow member states to substantially increase their defense expenditure. of course, we will have to do this in a controlled and conditional way. and i will also propose a white, a

and hard to find them, this place shows visitors the methods at the g d or secret service. the study this and more coming up on your on the .

in fact, farmer said that he hoped to get up to 3 percent of g d p by the year 2035. so i am sure that he's concerned that he's going to hear something about the defense spending, even as he wants to focus on the u. k. being out in front with the potential to put boots on the ground as president trump has requested them. european allies, w correspondent, terry schultz in brussels. terry, thank you. let's take a look now some of the other stories making the headlines. and french authorities have arrested 2 people in relation to an awesome attack on the russian consulates in the southern french city. of must say, police say that would 2 explosions off the plastic photo. both of us were thrown into the compound on monday, no injurious athene were. forces moscow as cool the incident, a terrorist attack. hundreds of thousands of students in gauze. i have returned to school for the new academic year. you and says nearly old school buildings have been destroyed and is raining. miller trains on boardman. teachers are reporting that many children are struggling emotionally oft

the us just days ago has called for european countries to ramp up their defense spending 5 percent of g d. p is what they're saying. this within the context of maybe about roughly 8 countries don't even reach up to 2 percent at this point. so how sustainable is it to continue to ramp up defense on the one hand, and then provide a to ukraine on the other? well, this is what all the, your opinion is in effect, public in i'm sure. also behind closed doors has been talking about a chunk of the shots of germany. this morning was talking about the loose ending ditch rules in germany, but also on the european union level to a law. countries to take up money to make that so that they can finance these kind of defense spending, this kind of defense spending, which they haven't been able to do so far as so it's something that is a sense of urgency is being felt there. in fact, the 0 p, an army that savanski is talking about is something that has been on the to do list of the european union for quite some time. but as always, with in this a conglomerate of states, it's very difficult to find common

will raise defense spending to 2.5 percent of g d p. over the next 2 years kissed on the told parliament that europe is in a new era of in security. now this comes 2 days before he is due to fly to washington, to try to persuade donald trump to continue support for ukraine makes i will do everything we can hundreds of thousands of students and also have returned to school for the new academic year. the u. n. says nearly old school buildings have been destroyed and is raining military bombardments. teachers are reporting that many children are struggling emotionally of to losing family members in the will. the serious interm president of med l sharah has opened a national dialogue conference in damascus. c pulled at a historic opportunity to rebuild the country. off to 14 years of rule, the full rebel leader called for a state monopoly on weapons kurdish policies. blake, cost of the conference, condemning what they called token representation of minorities. what's the model of the european union's for and the policy chief kaya carlos is

but we will need to do more because combined across ok, all g d p. it's about 0 point one percent. we can do back to must do back to over this next period if we ought to face down booted at. that's the basis of which we go into because the actions, understanding the shop lens of history, we have just a few minutes left. um and of course going to give you the last word um, but 1st i'd like to turn to the defense minister from from likely to to give us your last final thoughts. and then you know, your comments on how concerned are you that, you know, we might be looking at competing visions actually for, for what might happen in ukraine. how concerned are you that you know about ukraine's voice being heard and all of us in my city, mostly concerned about the we're going to do and how foster how we're going to do that. so regarding support to graham, i completely agree with 6 or let me, but we need to agree that our support is measure. it's not by words, but my money and guns. so detrena gave 025, send gdp last year, and we're going to keep the face of the you can do 025 percent as yo

p. solve cause and also a, a g d, caused you to go as being like pushes for all these lamborghini is that type of thing. the country laws toasted an f one promptly at the economy, so good and halting province in 1993 now was steering committee is leading a bid to bring the international race back to so there for can shows one of the full possible venues is the streets of cape don't running into the green point stadium. that 15 years ago hosted football woke up matches when we looked at this, but the whole process and we thought, you know, why don't we bring the formula one to the people because this be cool if people's but um, what's that in mind? we decided to look at utilizing the capt on stadium. so if we can actually make it accessible to approximately $60000.00 people, it's hope the event will create thousands of jobs, attract tourists and the light motor sports enthusiasts. like shane boys come, we started racing last year. he says he's eager for if one to return to south africa. i think of all gross motor sports. i've got immensely. we need it, i think by the sport is a, what

set, that all the is ups and downs, the india before the dish was the richest nation with the highest g d, b in the word. and why did the 100 years of british troops bring it to low off some 50, interacting, the relief 30th the they came to take our change, our tech style, our role materials, even before making cannon the cannonball they needed. the search feature which came from india, india, and i just don't do property. they have no right to take my property, my, i don't my gods. we went to our big spaces i was see could spaces of uh, tempers and jenny wine and keep pointed out. these pieces, in fact the word you also in the word, which is now working to the english big city. so quite telling me, even the, a human, the word lute has to be muted into the english lexical. and so because you have um enabled dig important labels, and this makes you as soon as i took it from your home, what will you do the like if you take an example of a piece of jewelry, sometimes you may think that it's, it needs repair on it's totally broken. you might decide to break it up and remove the jet gemstones

the highest g d, b in the word. and why did the 100 years of british troops bring it to a low off some 50 interacting, or late 30th? the they came to take our change, our tech style, our wrong material, even before making cannon. my tenant was they needed the search feature which came from india, india, and i just don't do property. they have no right to my property. my i don't my gods. we went to our public spaces. i was see could spaces of uh, tempers and drink wine and keep pointed out these pieces. in fact, the word new also is like in the wood, which is now going into the english big cities are quite telling me even the a human the word news has been muted into the english lexical. so pause you have um enabled. dig important labels and display issue and says i took it from the other one. what do you do the like if you take an example of a piece of jewelry, sometimes it may take that it's, it needs repair on. it's totally broken. you might decide to break it up and remove the jet gemstones and actually melts the

that all the is ups and downs, the india before the british was the richest nation with the highest g d, b in the word. and why did the 100 years of british troops bring it to this below or some 50 it thing thing the late so gets back to the they came to take our change, our tech style, our wrong material, even before making cannon cannon balls, they needed the search feature which came from india, india, and i just don't do property. they have no right to my property. my i don't my gods. we went to our big spaces. i will speak could spaces of, uh, 10 booth and drink wine and keep pointed out these pieces. in fact, the would you also in the wood, which is no good thing to the english big city. so quite telling me even the, a human, the word lute has been muted into the english lexical. and suppose you have um, enabled dig important labels and display issue as soon as i took it from the other one. what do you do the, like if you take an example of a piece of jewelry, sometimes you may think that it's, it needs repair on. it's totally broken. you might decide to break it up rubles, the je

that all the is ups and downs, the india before the british was the richest nation with the highest g d, b in the world. and why did the 100 years of british truly bring it to a low or some to be interacting or at least 30 at the they came to take our change, our tech style, our role material, even before making cannon cannon balls. they needed the search feature which came from india, india, and i was going to do a property. they had no right to take my property, my, i don't, my gods. we went to our big spaces. i was see could spaces of tempers and jimmy wine and keep pointed out these pieces. in fact, the word new also is like in the wood, which is now going into the english big cities are quite telling me even the, a human, the word lute has been muted into the english lexical. so pause you are enabled . dig important labels and display issue as soon as i get from the other one. what will you do the like if you take an example of a piece of jewelry, sometimes you may think that it's, it needs repair on. it's totally broken. you might decide to break it up, remove the jet gemstones, a