his name was william lloyd garrison. william lloyd garrison was a native of massachusetts, a white man, from a working class background. his father had abandoned the family when he was quite young, and william had to go out to work. he started supporting himself when he was very young. he went into the printing business. he was a printer, and he worked for several newspapers. he for a while worked for a paper in baltimore, and he saw slavery up close and personal when he was living in a slave state in the state of maryland, and he was horrified by what he saw. he went back to boston and decided that he was going to open his own newspaper and he was going to devote it completely to abolishing slavery, and the newspaper was called -- does anybody know? very good. the liberator. good name. it is a good name for an antislavery newspaper, the liberator. he founded it in 1831. garrison did the whole thing himself. he wrote many of the articles. he did the actual printing of the paper. he distributed the paper. this is really h

his name was william lloyd garrison. william lloyd garrison was a native of massachusetts. he was a white man. he was from a working class background. his father abandoned the family when he was young. william had to go out to work. he started supporting himself when he was very young. he went into the printing business. he was a printer and he worked for several newspapers. he, for a while, worked for a paper in baltimore. he saw slavery up close and personal in the state of maryland. he was horrified by what he saw. he went back to boston and decided that he was going to open his own newspaper and he was going devote it completely to abolishing slavery. does anyone know the name of the paper? >> "liberator." >> good. right. "the liberator." >> he founded it in 1831. garrison did the whole thing himself. he wrote many of the articles. he did the actual printing of the paper. this is really is creation and the language in "the liberator" was very blunt. very direct. garrison doesn't hold anything back. he said in his very first issue, he said and i quote, he said that i wil

colonel nicola, the commander of this regiment, saw firsthand d garrison duty, support duty. colonel nicola, the commander of this regiment, saw firsthand du garrison duty, support duty. colonel nicola, the commander of this regiment, saw firsthanad d garrison duty, support duty. colonel nicola, the commander of this regiment, saw firsthanrd d, garrison duty, support duty. colonel nicola, the commander of this regiment, saw fir every single day the cost of war in the faces and disabilities of his men. his men had not been paid either. he wrote to general washington, when this war is over, we who have borne the heat and labor of the day will be forgot and neglected. the army will not submit to this grave injustice. from several conversations i have had with officers, i believe it is generally intended not to separate after the peace till all grievances are redressed, engagements and promises fulfilled. this war must have shown to all but to military men in particular, the weakness of republics. washington was stunned at the letter. ordinarily when the commander in chief receiv

william garrison said no. he said politics is a dirty business. we should just stick with what we're doing. some other abolitionists said, well, maybe we can have more impact if we get inside the political system. so in the 1840s and 50s you start to see a tiny number of abolitionists getting elected to national office and sometimes local office. for example, a congressman from pennsylvania, thaddeus stevens, he is an abolitionist. in the 1850s the united states senator from massachusetts, charles sumner, although there is still abolitionist who is say this is a mistake. the abolitionists are focused on the goal of ending slavery, but they do have some rather spirited internal debates about how to do that. they also debate the role of women, and believe it or not, some abolitionist men said that female abolitionists were hurting the cause, that they were distracting people from the important issue, that they were discrediting the movement, and frederick douglass and william lloyd garrison said no, they're not. they advocated the right of women to

to win the title since the one nine hundred ninety one when americans mary joe fernandez and zina garrison captured at the crown. golf now one hundred. and will be the highest ranked american going into this week's masters the first major of the year after victory at the who still open not a twenty nine year old moved up to fourth in the world thanks to the one shot when my hand started the final day two strokes behind police who stays in scene here but despite moments like this the site african faded with a streak of apart seventy five carcasses and low here emerged as my hands closest rival moving to within a shot of the lead after making this birdie on the fourth however the swede couldn't overhaul they hand one hundred seventy one this magic chip kept his nose in front of the sixteenth and his par on the last wrapped up victory it was his

country team to win a title since nineteen ninety one when americans marriage a phenomenas zina garrison captured the crowd. and hudson i have will be the highest ranked american going into this week's masters this. the first major of the year after victory at the houston open well the twenty nine year old moved up to fourth in the world i am still the one shot when they have started the final day two strokes behind loose postseason same here but despite moments like this the south african faded with a street over par seventy five. patterson emerged as my hands closest rival moving to within a short of the lead after making this birdie on the fourth however the swede couldn't open all mayhem who hate page one hundred seventy one this magic chip on his nose in front on the sixteenth. and his part in the last wrapped up victory it

the confederates report officially that they did seize one garrison flag amongst the many u.s. flags that they captured at shiloh, and then this flag would appear to be large enough to have been a garrison flag. personally i and other staff mefbs believe th members believe that this flew over john a. mcdowell's brigade camp, headquarters, which was part of sherman's division, right flank of the sherman division as it lay in camp around shiloh church. there's another union camp that they occupied at neat for the north, one of the brigades of mcclernan's division, it's a probably as well. but i think the highest probability is the 16th camp, mcdowell's camp, they were there for some time and i can see them taking this flag. and this was donated to the park years ago. from descendents of major gober. it's in good shape, showing that it was well cared for and stored. even though apparently this has been buried at one time in ground. that's the story. that's the family story. with a loved one for a while in a grave. i'm not sure. but it was recovered later. and that's how they claim

the confederate's report that they did seize one garrison flag amongst the many u.s. flags that they captured at shiloh and this flag appeared to have been large enough to have been a garrison flag. personally, i and other staff members, believe that this flag probably flew over john a. mcdowell's brigade camp, possibly his headquarters which was part of sherman's division. right flank of sherman's division as it lay around shiloh church. another union camp that they occupy that night further north. one of the brigades of mcclurnen's division. it's a probability, as well. the highest probability is the first camp, the 16th university entered. they were there for some time and i could see them taking this flag and this was donated to the park years ago from descendants of major it's in good shape showing that it was well cared for and stored. even though apparently this had been buried at one time in the ground. that's the story. that's the family story with a loved one for a while, in a grave. i'm not sure, but it was recovered later, and that's how they claim that th

they're able to exactly the last of their starved garrison out of guadalcanal, and those been, their starvation victims. that was the state of the japanese infantry in guadalcanal, because of the constrictive force of our naval forces stopping the tokyo express from reinforcing their garrison. it's not a pretty sight. it's historic, six months of campaigning, frankly it is ghastly. what happens to a ship when it is hit like this, what happens with men on on board that ship. you know, but it was necessary because there was only one way to be the japanese and that was to step up and smack them in the mouth. we did at midway with her naval air force, at guadalcanal we did the old-fashioned way with our service may be. a story i tried to bring together comprehensively and readably. certainly after writing, you know, my first book, "the last stand of the tin can sailors" is not a single naval engagement lasted about two hours and goes in close for one battle. extraordinary victory fought late in the war. my second book was a story of one ship, a ship of goes about the uss houston, lost ea

try to work your way toward triangle and even toward garrison road. the line of very slow traffic. this is a route that usually takes 45 minutes. is about a two-hour drive to the. very slow on that stretch. md. -- on 124 we have a crash in the block right lane. additionally, past the american legion bridge and toward old georgetown road, you have a vehicle blocking the left lane. bayh-485, also -- bi-45 also very slow. cornyn alison, back to your. -- gordon and allison, back to you. >> thank you. >> i never dreamed -- >> all workingwoman's good business and starts at an early age. >> and at 6:00, a major press drop chain -- a >> communist difficult economic climate, s -- in this difficult economic climate small-business owners have to work even harder. >> she is the president and ceo of a consulting firm. she has been with the company for three years. she says her zero entrepreneurial spirit was parked at age 9. >> they said, here is a dollar. i said, bingo. and i was in the shoeshine business. >> she never went to college. she went from the front des

they put garrisons up at the borders. they're having these criminals coming in here. and they're collecting these tariffs. and we ought to be free. they suspended immigration. and they were sympathetic. we need to raise $250,000 in building a navy and outfitting an army. and they said wait a minute. okay. that's like $20 million back then. that was a lot of money. and the idea of loaning that kind of money to three individuals who didn't even represent an organized government was received rather coolly at first, as you can mannin imagine. until they come up with the idea of why don't we get this loan and we'll pay it back with land in texas at 50 cents an acre. that's what they do. this is the texian loan. there were two loans. $100,000 loan. it was funded with 10% down. so they got 20,000 right up front. they bought the warships, the liberty, the independence, and they spent all this money within about 10 or 12 days. the remainder of the cash was going to be advanced upon ratification of terms of the texas government. this one here, it says received of robert triplet

and the japanese come down to reinforce their beleaguered garrison. when the sun comes up, the pilots fly, and the situation changes 180 degrees. so this is the peculiar dynamic. and so what admiral scott comes to realize in this situation is the japanese are in a operational straitjacket. to bring down ships that are suitably fast, to get in and out, you know, after dark/before sun rises, they've got to leave their base at a very predictable time. they've got to arrive at guadalcanal pretty much shortly after midnight to high tail it and be 200 miles north of henderson field before the pilots fly. so scott realized, okay, my mission is to defend guadalcanal, but we have seen what happens when cruisers stand by on a patrol course, you know, steaming in a box at 13 knots. and the japanese' them first and open fire and register the hits. we're going to do it differently. admirable scott pulls together his commanders and captains and say we're going to play defense in an offensive mode. we know when the japanese are going to arrive. therefore, we're goin

he also was the district of columbia agent for william lloyd garrison's abolition publication the liberator in the 130s. around that same time, he built a schoolhouse for his sister, mary, on i street between 15th and 16th for the education of free blacks which was damaged in the riots of 1835. that would be right on the next street from where we are today. anecdotely, it should be noted that, francis scott key of star spangled banner fame, who happened to be a vestrymen in this very same church, was the district attorney at the time and was tasked with prosecuting young black man whose alleged transgressions of being drunk and attacking a white woman precipitated the snow riot. during this time, the children of lynch were actively employed. throughout the con -- community. samuel, owen, william and james were finding other means of employment by serving as laborers in the various government agencies in the immediate area while also developing the family hat business. several of the sons were paid for cleaning rooms in the treasury after its construction completion in 1 838. i'm chilled whe

he was in pakistan four years before ending up in the garrison town. he was killed in operation by u.s. navy seals. since that raid, the family has been held. the pakistani authorities will be glad to see the back of the bin ladens and to close a chapter on what was an extremely embarrassing episode. they will have some anxiety. what could be said by the family about the time in this country. >> the u.n. secretary general has said that he is alarmed at the continued killing in syria. he has purchased the syrian government to withdraw heavy weapons from populated areas. he is speaking after an excursion in hamaa. the government said that the building was used as a bomb- making factory. the assad government has been condemned for keeping troops and heavy weapons and syrian cities. >> they condemn what remains of the government's refusal to abide by its commitments, it's continued intents and use of heavy weaponry. this continues to resulted in large numbers of civilian deaths every day. this is precisely what we have been concerned about. this is further

it is inconceivable a tall arab moves five times in places that are heavily garrisoned without anybody asking questions of who is that person, where does he come from. the questions are pakistan are just beginning. -- the questions for pakistan are just beginning. >> gives wives. his wives were taking dictation from him. they were pretty to information. pr --ivvy to information. when they leave pakistan, will they be freer to talk? >> u.s. officials who have reviewed all the documents say in those thousands of pages there is not a smoking gun that links pakistani authorities to osama bin laden. it just is not there. that said, the fact he continued from 2005 until the day he died to try to communicate with his network using couriers who moved in and out and back and forth. as pakistani rioters have said, it is hard to believe -- as pakistani writers have said, it is hard to believe authorities had no idea. >> thank you. now to burma where the pro- democracy leader is claiming victory in parliamentary elections. it is a huge change from the house arrest she lived under for 15 years. sup

garrison keeler has said that it is at the swedish model. take all your money and give it to the rest. i do not believe this. i do not believe the city and county of san francisco should make this the policy. we should be structural, i am tired of hearing the words structural mean somebody but me. i feel like a dog under the dining room table. if larry ellison and his yacht is structural, i want to be structural, too. [laughter] [applause] i want our staff to be structural. i want our clients to be structural. thank you. [applause] supervisor chu: next speaker. >> hello, supervisors. my name is daniel smith. i am here to ask you to include a cost-of-living wage for nonprofit workers. we provide services to the community that most people prefer not to deal with. homelessness, drug abuse, mental issues, illnesses, and hunger. it takes a special person to work in this type of environment, as the work can be challenging, and the rate of pay is much lower. i have lived and worked in san francisco for nonprofit organizations for close to 10 years

it is inconceivable that he moves five times, a move some places that are heavily garrisoned, without anybody asking questions? without anybody asking this one or the next one, who is this person? where does he come from? the questions are just beginning. >> david, you broke this story about osama bin laden dictated some of his notes to his wives. suggest they were pretty to quite a bit of information. do you think they might have known who knew it? when they leave pakistan, will they fill freer to talk? >> i doubt they will feel freer to talk. u.s. officials that i have spoken to reviewed all the documents, and i should stress that i reviewed only a tiny selection of them, say that in those thousands of pages, there is not a smoking gun. there is not a decisive piece of evidence that links pakistani authorities to osama bin laden. it just is not there. that said, the fact that he continued from 2005 until the day he died to try to communicate with this network, using couriers who moved in and ast, back and forth, a pakistani rioters have said, it is hard to believe that nobody knew.

it could outperform and outshine every other garrison regiment in tinseng. ♪ the distinguished facultyft. benning infantry school, which included future generals bradley, stilwell and collins, was under marshall's direction from 1927 to 1931. when he took over the school, one of the most important in the army, he found much of the instruction had fallen behind the times. but this hard-driving man with the passion for facts was not satisfied to refight old wars. it was the present and the future which concerned him, and he revised the curriculum accordingly. during the '30s, the world caught fire, ignited by a handful of global arsonists who enjoyed their work. germany threatened to even the score for her defeat in 1918. on the other side of the world, the japanese were introducing their neighbors to their own brand of arson. china felt the brutal aggression directed by the japanese warlords. the japanese onslaught of china carried out the ambitions and aspirations of a nation bent on territorial conquest. for a while, many of us laughed at a comic opera character speaking from a roman

donaldson and those gun boats made it possible for pope's army to trap the entire garrison at island number ten and capture them. so these tactics of running enemy fortifications which -- attacking and running them -- which went back to 1861, they were bearing a lot of fruit here on the river in 1862. >> dr. mcpherson, thinking about some of the examples that you provide in your great study, of the individual decisions made by people like david farragut, tennessee born, virginia -- well, not bred but with wed, why do you think that as many officers especially of the naval forces, marines and sailors, made the decision in 1861 to stay with the old flag? >> there are some other good examples of that. i mentioned lee. although he had married into the blair family but he was a virginian. drayton is one of my favorite examples. a naval officer whose brother, thomas, was a confederate general defending ft. walker and port royal bay when drayton was commander of one of the union ships that attacked that came from wealthy south carolina family but remained loyal to the union. i think that on

moving from place-to-place for years before ending up in the garrison town where he was killed in an operation by u.s. navy seals. since that raid, the family's been held. the pakistani authorities will be glad to see the back of the bin laden's to close another chapter of what was another extremely embarrassing episode. but they may also have some anxieties what about could be said of the family now about their time in this country. "bbc world news" pakistan. >> that country has one of the biggest populations of street children in the world. around 1.5 million young people live and work on the streets. more than 1/3 of them are in karachi where local charities children are forced to become in gangs and become sex workers and they say authorities are part of the problem. >> this is 10-year-old orb i can. he's a scaven jer. he's been sifting through rubbish all day and shows me the best of his pickings. >> what have you got there? >> i collect plastic bottles and other things i can send along to be recycled. he says about 100 of these will bring a dollar. >> >> it's hard but i get mon

of that, maybe 1,500 officers and the rest enlisted soldiers spread from coast to coast in little garrisons and places like fort sumter and fort monroe, and the city of san francisco and so forth. so, the crimean experience certainly gave mcclellan as a trained engineer who had also helped with the siege at veracruz, mexico, a better idea the difficulties of siege craft. i don't think it had a direct impact that showed up in textbooks in west point or in manuals for the u.s. army to use in the field just six years later. >> let's go to asheville, north carolina. one more call here for john mountcastle. good afternoon to jay. >> caller: yes, sir, thanks for taking my call. my question is regarding secretary stanton. was he not extremely exasperated from time to time with mcclellan and did he not say that if he had a million men, he would sit in the mud and whine until he could get 2 million? and i'll take my answer off the air. thank you. >> thank you, jay. >> yes, jay, that's a great point. edwin stanton had been very much in favor of the promotion of george mcclellan to commanding general

and we're still at pratt and conklin and also at wabash between garrison and northern parkway. but if you're traveling on the beltway we are still? good shape for the most part. on the north side here at green spring avenue we have a live shot of the jfx in addition to the work zone. you can see the flashing lights there. we're still blocking a right lane. northbound 83 at cole spring lane, with the accident activity there. and also want to remind you if you plan to take mta today we are good to go there. according to mark jones there are no delays on the rail lines or bus services this morning so far. >>> a tip about drug activity led police to a home in northwest baltimore where they found what they're calling a dog fighting ring. now one man's in custody and eight dogs have been seized from that home. abc2 news sherrie johnson is here with the latest in the case. >> reporter: this morning police are investigationing this as an -- investigating this as an animal cruelty case. two of the dogs had facial scarring but in general, their body condition was pretty good and they're

he was discovered by william lloyd garrison's massachusetts's anti-slavery society. they invited him out to a big rally on nantucket island in august of 1841. he's only three years out of slavery. and there he gave his first public abolitionist speech. he was so talented, so effective at telling his own personal story as a slave that the garrisonians hired him, took him on the road and within a couple of years, he was probably the most sought after and famous abolitionist speaker on the entire northern circuit. >> we have lots of folks waiting on the line to talk to you, professor blight. it's hearer from david in pennington, new jersey. welcome. >> hello, professor. thank you so much. i absolutely have to agree with you on the importance of frederick douglass. i've always considered that douglass was one of the great -- one of the members of a triumvirate of people who helped to define american reconstruction, and i would be very anxious to learn, i always considered grant to be the person in the military sphere, lincoln in the political sphere, and douglass in the

>> and it was my ranch manager cliff garrison who said, "gee, steve, it's a shame we couldn't do anythingh our beef." and i said, "well, why couldn't we?" and so ultimately we started pursuing the grass-fed beef, and it fit right in with the whole conservation solution for the property. >> it's fun. it's a picnic every day. you know, we love it. it's a beautiful place and a great place to work. >> so from the shadow of their famous neighbor, the hearst ranch is stepping into the spotlight these days with their brand-w grass-fed beef operation. grazing on rolling hills with picturesque views, the hearst beef is billed as nothing being added but their history, and it's true. the cattle thrive on nutrient-rich native grasses that have been there since the days of william randolph hearst, and today they're actually being helped and not hindered by the animals that call this place home. >> the native grasses and all the grassland areas that are here are a rult of the cattle operation. they've been here for the 140 years, as well. >> the perfect balance between man and nature is exactly what wi

the arctic as thirty five competitors from seventeen countries took part in the annual north pole garrisonlast week and said just plummeted below minus twenty six degrees celsius so it's not for nothing that the organizers promote the run was the world's coolest thing but the winner of britain's andrew murray not to be confused with a certain tennis player didn't seem to mind the frost. i'm sure you have so there is the music of the actually being the north poor conditions are almost perfect thank you sir very distraught if i was minimal when those are very close to there is cool little fruit. the plastic. on us all sports noise. there hasn't been anything yet on t.v. . is to get the maximum political impact.

can cut off and isolated down river with butlers troops finally approaching the forts, the garrison at ft. jackson mutinied and both forts surrendered to porter and the navy ships that had remained there on april 28th. farragut meanwhile led the fleet to new orleans where they found all of the ships on the water front burning and thousands of bales of cotton floating down the river also on fire destroyed by confederates to prevent the capture. mob rioted in the streets and threatened the yankees with bloody vengeance. the southern author george washington cable witnessed the fury of this mob. the crowds on the levee howled and screamed with rage, he recalled. the swarming decks answered never a word. one old tar on "the heaartford" standing with lanyard in hand so plain to view that you could see him smile silently patted its big black breach and blandly grinned. with naval guns trained on its streets new orleans sullenly surrendered and butler's troops finally arrive to preserve some kind of order. if the passage of the forts by the union fleet under farragut was not quite the night t

natural attrition and necessity of garrisoning springfield and other locations had shrunk curtis' army down to around 10,000 men. and then there was the very disturbing matter of logistics. the isolated union army now, in benton county, arkansas, was 200 miles south of its supply base at raleigh. despite quarter master sheridan's heroic efforts, the supply situation was tenuous. it was very uncertain whether the union army could remain where it was, it certainly couldn't go any further. curtis, therefore, determined to hold his ground in arkansas, take up a blocking position, and prevent the confederates from returning to missouri. he rode all over benton county and he noticed a line of rocky, limestone bluffs behind a body of water called little sugar creek. these bluffs ran east-west and they were five miles south of the missouri state line. below the bluffs was a creek. the top of the bluffs was the beginning of a rolling table land. it had no formal name. but curtis discovered that the local farmers called it pea ridge. so he decided that's -- that would be his blocking position. i

when they finally arrive at nacogdoches, the spanish garrison there surrender. they join the filibuster. and then they begin moving to the south toward labea. by the time they arrive there in august, they will siege that position for four months before the spanish finally surrender. and then they will move to the north and west against san antonio, even capturing san antonio. now, here is when the gutierrez/ de lara/magee expedition runs awry. there are ethnic divisions within these ranks. and once they capture san antonio, the tejanos decide they're going to execute the spanish governor, manuel salcido. he will be executed, and many americans will say we didn't get involved in this to settle old scores. we got involved in this to bring texas into the union. well, americans began leaving the rebellion. and within a few weeks, a mexican force coming from the south will defeat the revolutionaries at the battle of medina just outside of san antonio. a young lieutenant that was on that expedition from mexico is antonio lopez de santana. it's his first taste of texas

it was garrisoned with continental soldiers dressed and armed like these re-enactors. >> we just try teach the public what it actually felt, what it tasted like, what it smelt like back then -- a little more than just names and dates in a history book. >> show us your bayonets! >> together: huzzah! >> fort putnam sits high above the hudson river at west point. its purpose was to help keep this vitalrea from falling into the hands of the british. the fort retains many of its historical features, starting with the ramparts. the word "ramparts" should sound familiar. it's in our national anthem -- "o'er the ramparts we watched..." but that was written about a different war. >> well, the ramparts are the walls of the fort. those are the defensive walls which we think of when we see a fort. well, not only do the ramparts of the fort still stand but we also have the casemates, which are down below us. >> a casemate was an 18th-century bomb shelter. this one was used to house up to 50 men in case of attack. >> we have the barracks building, which houses a very nice museum inside. and around

and then this flag would appear to be large enough to have been a garrison flag. personally i and other staff members believe this flag probably flew over john a. mcdowel's tents, possiblily his headquarters. right flank of sherman's division as it lay encamped and around shiloh church. there's another union camp that they occupied that night further north, one of the brigades of mcclernon's division. it's a probability as well but i think the highest probability would be the first camp, the 16th louisiana, mcdowell's camp was there for some time, and could i see them taking this flag. this was donated to the park years ago from descendants of major gober. it's in good shape showing that it was well cared for and stored. even though apparently this had been buried at one time in the ground. that's the story. that's the family story with a loved one for a while, in a grave. i'm not sure, but it was recovered later, and that's how they claim that the staining occurred. it may have gotten wet underground at that point in time. all the flags underwent major conservati

he also was the district of columbia agent for william lloyd garrison's abolition publication the liberate tore in the 1830s. around that same time, he built a schoolhouse for his sister, mary, oichlt street between 15th and 16th foot education of free blacks which was damaged in the riots of 1835. it should be note that had francis scott key of star spangled banner fame, who happened to be a investigation terment in this very same church, was the strict attorney at the time and was tasked with prosecuting young black man whose alleged transgressions of being drunk and attacking a white woman precipitated the snow riot. during this time, the children of lynch rebeingwere actively e. samuel, owen, will william and james were finding other means of employment by serving as laborers.ill william and james were finding other means of employment by serving as laborers.ll william and james were finding other means of employment by serving as laborers. william and james were finding other means of employment by serving as laborers. william and james were finding other means of employment by servin

garrison captured the. first major of the year begins later this week and hunter mahan will be the highest ranked american after victory an open for the masters he said to move up to four from the world rankings are his one stroke victory at the redstone golf club started the final day two shots behind south african louis and seen here but despite moments like this he did fade with a three over par seventy five. is my hand closest rival moving to within a short of a lead after making this on the thought. however the swede couldn't over all my own who hit a one under par seventy one missed magic chip keeping his nose in front on the sixteenth. and his par on the last hole. victory his second on the p.g.a. tour this season following his success at the match play championship in february. so. it's. feels great and there's a new winner on the european tour denmark's thought beyond all the sin playing victory at the sicilian open and he's only twenty two and had to hold off a light late charge from england's chr

also paul martin says the abolitionist william lloyd garrison. we'll look at a couple of those and take your phone calls, as well. robert krick joins us from the library of virginia in richmond. robert krick, your nomination was thomas stonewall jackson. outside of the south in 1862, how well-known was stonewall jackson? >> '62 began, he was barely known in the south and probably not at all in the north and the impact that he made in 1862 seems to me to be in large part a consequence of that explosion as though on a catapult to fame. his impact on the year in the minds of southerners and of northerners both the soldiers in the field and the civilians at home on both sides of the river went from nothing to a great deal. and that is part of my case in making him the man of the year for 1862. he gave the south the opportunity to look for some success and find a good bit of it later in 1862. they had had none, not a tincture of success until jackson a little bit in march but mostly may and june in 1862 in the virginia shenandoah valley won victories