garvey actively solicited their participation and leadership. while black veterans responded i joining the unia in significant numbers. we are not depending on the statesmanship of w.e.b. dubois to lead this race of ours. but we are depending on the statesmanship of the new york 15th and the 8th illinois, referring to the infantry regiment of the 93rd division, who fought their way in france. black veterans heeded garvey's call and served in a number of different capacities from key leaders to foot soldiers. probably most black veterans actually served in a wing of the unia called the african legions, the paramilitary wing, which allowed them to make direct use of their military training and leadership. garvey based the organization of the african legions on the drill formations of the united states army. the african legions allowed black veterans to transform their service for america into service for the race and the black nation. it afforded them the opportunity to remain connected to their discipline, racial camaraderie, and sense of manhood

and its charismatic leader, marcus garvey. in remarkably short time, the uni emerged as the largest secular organization among peoples of african descent in the 20th-century with billions of members as well as supporters in countries throughout the diaspora. garvey consciously invoked the recent historical memory of black military service and experiences of black soldiers and the future leaders of the race. black people had fought in vain for democracy during the war. now it was time for black people to fight for themselves. additionally, black soldiers represented the new negro's willingness to fight back. in a january 1922 speech, garvey declared, the new negro likes a good fight. a fight. and i want to say to them and to the white world that if they trifle with this universal negro improvement association they are going to get what they are looking for. in another speech the same month, he told a cheering audience, i say this positively, the morale of the new negro cannot be broken. the morale of the negro american soldier

the recent -- the racial picture since garvey's days.e number one spokesman, malcolm x, said their main changes have been brought about not by whites, not by integration groups, but by elijah mohammed. the question is -- how does mohammed go about helping negroes? >> you find a negro drunk, he doesn't know the truth. negroes get drunk because they see white people get drunk. they smoke cigarettes because they see white people smoke cigarettes. they want to be like the white man, so they copy his immorality. mohamed comes along and teaches black people the glory of blacks. he tries to display high moral lowities rather than the moral qualities. >> it is feared by some whites that the muslims advocate violence, but that's not exactly the case. they say they don't believe in starting a fight, but if whiteman -- if white men defeat them, they will not turn the other cheek. it is the implied threat of increasing muslim power that makes some whites more willing to negotiate with the so-called moderate groups. to that extent, the black muslims

international initiatives and just to give you one example is an international vaccine initiative called garvey that has that been a focus of a lot of fund raising recently and it's about trying to pool resources and coordinate all of these very very large number of vaccine development programs that are going on around the world and that takes many forms for instance you know trying to accelerate the process usually takes a very long time for to develop a vaccine especially this testing period where the trials are taking place at various stages now this alliance wants to try and organize manufacturing vaccines even before they are given the green light so that if they are then given the green light they can be searched very quickly to the populations so it's that kind of thing that requires a lot of money a lot of coordination. is richard walker in brussels thank you very much. well in the u.s. several states that were the 1st to ease lock down restrictions are now seeing a drastic surge in coronavirus cases large states like texas and florida are ordering some businesses to close again after r

international initiatives and just to give you one example it's an international vaccine initiative called garveythat sort of been a focus of a lot of fund raising recently and it's about trying to pool resources and coordinate all of these very very large number of vaccine development programs that are going on around the world and that takes many forms for instance you're trying to accelerate the process usually it's a very long time for to develop a vaccine especially this testing period where the trials are taking place at various stages now this alliance wants to try and organize manufacturing vaccines even before they are given the green light so that if they are then given the green light they can be searched very quickly to the populations so it's that kind of thing that requires a lot of money a lot of coordination to w.'s richard walker in brussels thank you very much let's get a check now of some of the other stories making news this hour there were long lines of traffic backed up at the german danish border on the 1st day of east travel between the 2 countries denmark easing of restri

they are followers of marcus garvey.arvey is the jamaican pan-african who founded an organization called the universal negro improvement organization, which becomes the largest black mass movement in american history in the early 1920's. between 3 million and 5 million on several continents in the caribbean, the united states, africa, latin america. this is this idea of black nationalism, cultural pride, political solidarity, political self-determination. racial solidarity. malcolm's parents moved to lansing, michigan. his father is going to be killed in 1931. the little family is going to argue that his father was killed by white supremacists. a white supremacist group called the black legion. the police report says malcolm's father died in a streetcar accident where a streetcar basically sliced him in two and the family never believed that. that is one tragedy. by the age of six, he loses his father, who he never forgets. his mother is going to be institutionalized in a psychiatric institution because she does not have

with the leaders that we do have in his decade i know some of the great leaders by martin marcus garvey all of malcolm x. they're not here to represent us right now so the new generation needs to step up and take control in stating this is the solution is that of throwing in hurting these businesses that obviously missed some business i'm not going to say it has not stood for us it's a lot of business they have come out in march have come out in protest but there's some businesses that just acts and i think that's what the listeners are trying to protect their premises as well. and i do believe in they should they should definitely protect proves that i do think you need to stand up you don't think this is right stand up and come outside your business doors don't run but i did not stand up there saying hold on wait a minute let me tell you that i'm here with you let me tell you why i want to stand here for this door is i believe that human rights need. serious and is. clearly palpable run the country but what are your thoughts about the protester who riot loot and attack police who of c

it's time for malcolm x and marcus garvey. like, nojustice, no peace.hat's not just a mantra any more. that's got to be a way of life. although the military and the police have fairly successfully shut down a lot of zones across the american capital, there are still large pockets of protest travelling throughout the city determined to continue to demonstrate. chant: black lives matter! black lives matter! the president may have disrupted the protests in washington and with it, dealt with some of the looting, but his critics feel his actions compare to those of authoritarian leaders around the world the us would previously have condemned. aleem maqbool, bbc news, in washington. in the last few hours, george floyd's widow made this statement to reporters in minneapolis, accompanied by their six year old daughter. i don't have a lot to say because i cannot get my words together right now but i want everybody to know that this is what those officers took... at the end of the day, they get to go home and be with their families, tiana does not have a father.

it's time for malcolm x and marcus garvey. like, nojustice, no peace.t's notjust a mantra any more. that's got to be a way of life. although the military and the police have fairly successfully shut down a lot of zones across the american capital, there are still large pockets of protest travelling throughout the city determined to continue to demonstrate. black lives matter! the president may have disrupted the protests in washington and with it, dealt with some of the looting, but his critics feel his actions compare to those of authoritarian leaders around the world the us would previously have condemned. aleem maqbool, bbc news, in washington. and there've been protests across the united states, including in minneapolis, the city where mr floyd was killed. our correspondent barbara plett—usher is there with the latest. minneapolis is reclaiming the place that sent the city into spasms of anger and unrest, smothering with flowers at the spot where george floyd stopped breathing, pinned down by the knee of a police officer on his neck. become a pilgri

it's time for malcolm x and marcus garvey. like, nojustice, no peace.t's notjust a mantra any more. that's got to be a way of life. although the military and the police have fairly successfully shut down a lot of zones across the american capital, there are still large pockets of protest travelling throughout the city determined to continue to demonstrate. black lives matter! the president may have disrupted the protests in washington and with it, dealt with some of the looting, but his critics feel his actions compare to those of authoritarian leaders around the world the us would previously have condemned. aleem maqbool, bbc news, in washington. and there've been protests across the united states, including in minneapolis, the city where mr floyd was killed. our correspondent barbara plett—usher is there with the latest. minneapolis is reclaiming the place that sent the city into spasms of anger and unrest, smothering with flowers at the spot where george floyd stopped breathing, pinned down by the knee of a police officer on his neck. it's become a p

it's time for malcolm x and marcus garvey. like, nojustice, no peace.just a mantra any more. that's got to be a way of life. although the military and the police have fairly successfully shut down a lot of zones across the american capital, there are still large pockets of protest travelling throughout the city determined to continue to demonstrate. chant: black lives matter! black lives matter! the president may have disrupted the protests in washington and with it, dealt with some of the looting, but his critics feel his actions compare to those of authoritarian leaders around the world the us would previously have condemned. aleem maqbool, bbc news, in washington. our north america correspondent peter bowes has been following the protests in the us, with the mood slightly changing from previous days. i detect that the mood has indeed changed over the last 2a hours, mike. certainly very different to the mood and nature of the demonstrations that we witnessed over the weekend. a very large demonstration taking place right now here in los angeles. there

it's time for malcolm x and marcus garvey. like, nojustice, no peace.t just a mantra any more. that's got to be a way of life. although the military and the police have fairly successfully shut down a lot of zones across the american capital, there are still large pockets of protest travelling throughout the city determined to continue to demonstrate. chant: black lives matter! black lives matter! the president may have disrupted the protests in washington and with it, dealt with some of the looting, but his critics feel his actions compare to those of authoritarian leaders around the world the us would previously have condemned. aleem maqbool, bbc news, in washington. sharmain matlock—turner is the president and ceo of the urban affairs coalition in philadelphia. good to talk to you and thank you for coming through to us. we look to identify turning points. does this feel like one oi’ points. does this feel like one or more of the same? it doesn't feel like a turning point. the question is going to be, what are we turning to but i definitely think it's

it's time for malcolm x and marcus garvey. like, nojustice, no peace.hat's notjust a mantra any more. that's got to be a way of life. although the military and the police have fairly successfully shut down a lot of zones across the american capital, there are still large pockets of protest travelling throughout the city determined to continue to demonstrate. black lives matter! the president may have disrupted the protests in washington and with it, dealt with some of the looting, but his critics feel his actions compare to those of authoritarian leaders around the world the us would previously have condemned. aleem maqbool, bbc news, in washington. within the past hour, the family of george floyd took part in a march in his home city of houston, texas. and there've been protests across the united states, including in minneapolis, the city where mr floyd was killed. our correspondent barbara plett—usher is there with the latest. there have been a number of protests here today including one that involved faith leaders who marched right up to this memoria

real time surveillance technology but a reform bill proposed by democrats aims to ballots matthew garvey is a policy analyst at the electronic frontier foundation he says all government agencies should be banned from using any kind of facial recognition technology. technology itself is incredibly harmful you know one year is not going to make a difference and also any type of reform congress could pass in one year is not going to change the fact that this technology in the hands of a criminal justice system that is very flawed is still going to end in invasive surveillance and then all high and over policing of already vulnerable communities face surveillance threatens a lot of the 1st member texans we have here in the united states in terms of chilling free speech assembly you are much less likely to attend a protest to participate in politics even maybe go out and campaign for a candidate of your choice if you think that there might be cameras around that are going to fan your scan your face and identify you immediately people might be a much less willing to get involved in the politic

it's time for malcolm x and marcus garvey. like, nojustice, no peace.a mantra any more. that's about to be a way of life. although the military and the police have fairly successfully shut down a lot of zones across the american capital, there are still large pockets of protest travelling throughout the city — determined to continue to demonstrate. the president's been out and about again today, apparently unconcerned, but some of his critics feel the actions he's displayed in recent days compare to those of authoritarian leaders across the world the us previously would have condemned. aleem maqbool, bbc news, in washington. let's go from washington to minneapolis, where this all began, with the death of george floyd. demonstrators gathered at the site of the memorial and mural to honour him. his brother, terence, urged people to use their vote, not violence, to change america. barbara plett—usher reports. a vigil continues at the spot where george floyd stopped breathing, pinned down by a police officer's knee on his neck. this is not new. this has bee

more than 100 were infected including my uncle bob garvey. yesterday's investigation report into this tradget made clear that there needs to be whole scale accountability. i certainly endorse and embrace plans to ensure it is treated with the same equity as its counterpart in chelsea, massachusetts. i'm going provide resources so our state can move forward to rebuild these facilities and create a more transparent, healthy environment for our veterans who served this makings with such valor. we have a number of suggestions which i fully embrace including the soldier's home needs to maintain the current number of beds at the facility. we are strongly opposed to attempts to downsize the facility and there needs to be adult day care facility established on site and they need to have a discussion about the future of the facility and making sure not all decisions are exclusively made in boston. staff report they don't have access to tests or personal protective equipment they need. there have been reports that p.p.e. happen to be inadequate. it has

andre gray has used his body as a canvas to pay tribute to past heroes, mandela, malcolm x, marcus garveynt days, football has a unique power in this country to influence and effect change. what marcus and people like andre and troy are doing i think it's amazing, having black lives matter on the back of football shirts. the more you see something, the more you pay attention to it and the more you kind of spark and interest and i think that's what needs to be done here, to spark an interest. it is notjust in america, that this probably happens, it's here as well in this country and we can't be blind to it any more. here at watford they have worked hard to be inclusive and break down barriers. they are planning changes to the curriculum talk to children in their academy. if this is a of change, then football is playing its part. that will resonate as well. quite a bit to think about. if you don't like football, you might as well turn off your telly for a few weeks. really? yes. perhaps if you are watching, it will give you more inspiration to get fit during lockdown. some people have been

andre gray has used his body as a canvas to pay tribute to past heroes, mandela, malcolm x, marcus garveytest against all forms of racism. as marcus rashford has shown in recent days, football has a unique power in this country to influence and effect change. what marcus and people like andre and troy are doing, i think it's amazing, having black lives matter on the back of football shirts. the more you see something, the more you pay attention to it and the more you kind of spark and interest and i think that's an interest and i think that's what needs to be done here, to spark an interest. it is notjust in america, that this probably happens, that this problem happens, it's here as well in this country and we can't be blind to it any more. here at watford they have worked hard to be inclusive and break down barriers. they are planning changes to the curriculum taught to children in their academy. if this is a moment of change, then football is playing its part. wear a mask, don't fill the carriage and sit at least two metres away from other passengers. those might sound like the new rul