if this is a post 9/11 era and as gary said, there are new alliances, new forms of cooperation are emergingwhen we talk of europe, what do we mean? there is no europe. there is eastern europe, there is a western europe, there are scandinavian countries, the baltic nations. they have. different national interests. and i will tell you from working at the state department, our friends are not always very friendly. and how is that helpful. it's nice to be in washington and not have to work in the bureaucracy. this is such a nice way to visit this city. >> would you say nato is not working right now? it feels like nato has risen to the moment. >> the bulk of the assistance is not actually nato assistance. what is actually helping the ukrainians on the ground, it is u.s. intelligence. how do the ukrainians know where to target? they know because of us, because no one comes anywhere near us when it comes to intelligence. not the brits, not the australians, not the partners. we are appear, they are down there. so that is number one, but number two in terms of material, yes, europe helps. but again,