she serves on the board of gavi and has done that since 2016. so, irene, thank you so much for joining us. robin came from new york. thank you so much for coming down to be with us today. and chiefnicef advisor of immunizations at unicef headquarters. we are thrilled to have you with us today. your boss is my boss. cis foren connected to over 35 years. she has been extremely generous to us. we don't miss any opportunity to praise her and to have unicef as part of our program so thank you so much, robin, for coming with us, to be with us today. catherine, you have the new paper that she authored. you have this which i would urge you all to read. it is an extremely well-written and well thought out piece around u.s. national interests in supporting gavi. and verypowerful eloquent statement. catherine, congratulations on that. ,n the website for this, csis there is a short five minute video that is an explainer than t catherine put together which i think is very helpful. we have a commission on strengthening american help security. it will be two y

the major pharmaceutical companies sit on the board of gavi along with the major donors and other philanthropistsike the bill and melinda gates foundation. they are at the table with their resources. it's important. host: matthew, in vancouver, washington. question, one of the problems i have seen is when foreign aid goes to other countries, often times there are some leaders or government people that will keep the money rather than let it go to the people. i'm wondering if your organization has found a way to bypass that? or put restrictions on how much medical costs in other countries. what is your corporation do for that? guest: that's a wonderful segue to the other ville -- the other bill that our vultures are working on, it's called the illicit cash act, a bipartisan bill that would remove something called anonymous shell companies. it's a technical term but what happens is sometimes government officials and others steel money from poor countries and filter it into anonymous shell that can't be traced. we estimate that a trillion dollars is lost, and this is one of the tools they used to get