one of the originators of gene engineering. he's been working in russian siberia, to find the remains of wooly mammoths, with the aim of resurrecting their dna to fight climate change. - there's unfortunately lots of melting ice in siberia and so there are millions of mammoths that are frozen, that are becoming exposed. we had access to six, really excellently frozen specimens. they had never thawed in 40,000 years. - when you were grabbing the samples- - ah. - from the wooly mammoth, anatomically, where? - [george] we're dissecting big chunks of mammoth legs with a drill bit and we're kind of suited up because there's meat flying all over the place. (dramatic music) - [kondwani] due to over-hunting and environmental changes, wooly mammoths began going extinct around 10,000 years ago but george is extracting their dna from the cold preserved remains in siberia and mapping their genome. - once we read the genome into the computer and then we write it into modern asian elephant cells. - [kondwani] moderasian elephants and wooly m

and about gene patenting issues. one day, as she was discussing avenues that the aclu might take including the dna fingerprinting issue, she mentioned gene patenting to a senior aclu lawyer named chris hansen. hansen was a prominent lawyer litigating cases from school desegregation to mental health care to online corn and head a -- online porn and he was a national legal counsel that could address any legal issues he thought were relevant to the aclu. he was a sounding board for the scientific issues. he was incredulous and didn't believe she actually had correctly identified an issue. it was impossible, you couldn't patent the human gene. she was right, convinced him. that led to his increasing interest in the issue, and it was really he who worked with her to convince upper management at the aclu including steve shapiro and anthony romero that this was a cause worth fighting for. susan: how difficult was it to convince the board that this with the direction they should go? jorge: it wasn't easy, and it took about f

a single gene determines the color. so they can basically carry their genes on their back. the shelf color determine the internal temperature of the sale to stomach. the difference in temperature inside can be 2 degrees under the same conditions and that could be just the difference between life or death on a hot summer day. and, you know, it was 40 degrees in amsterdam a few weeks ago. it could be that some of these yellow snails survived, but many of the brown ones died because they got to help they overheated and they died. but well, the statistics support this hypothesis so the plan is now to, to just add some data to the dataset. so let's go in order to collect and evaluate as many snails as possible throughout europe. meadow shield housing is helped by volunteers. you know, you don't have to go through the call. i forgot to study evolution or become a part paleontologist. it's happening everywhere all the time. it's a continuous, very normal biological process. the group only find the fuse nails, but even empty. now shells can also provide data that photographed and a

sure gene. i'm gonna give you a hit by the way president eisenhower's train i grew up in a on a farm in missouri and his train went through my hometown at night ten o'clock o'clock at night and we went we went to mississippi for the world. we definitely went so can you all see can they see the pictures? we're seeing i'm not and you'll see them pull that up again. here we go. there you go. so president bush loved trains, he was in love with trains he decided he wanted to train his the his second funeral service was in houston. that was the family and friends funeral. he was buried at his library about 90 miles away in college station, texas anyone to train he loved talking about this train. you're not gonna please don't judge me, but one day we're talking about any so excited he really viewed his funeral as a big event, and he said gene will be great. we'll be exhausted from all those events and we can eat lunch on the train and we can visit and rest and relax before the burial and i i don't know

other genes linked to the immune system. also almost certainly feed and to risk. for example, those that make some people more likely to develop diabetes or those that make people more likely to experience a life threatening cytokines storm if they catch the disease. finally, there is the idea that some people might actually be genetically immune to cova 19 hypothetical territory. we know, for example, that having highly specific variance of a particular gene that, that makes a small group of people basically, immune to h i v. they simply don't catch it. might there be similar genetic variance that could somehow prevent someone from catching covered? maybe one area that's being looked at closely is what's called the ace to receptor . that's a protein on a cell surface that the virus subverts to break again. now, if someone's genes cause them to produce an altered version of ace to it could at least in theory, prevent the virus from latching on, making that person effectively immune. now if that kind of genetic variant exists a big if, then the group of people who

another area where genes could play a role is and how they impact on immune response. a recent study by german researchers that looked at that question found that a particular variant of a gene called g and b 3 that it seems to be linked to lower mortality. now g and b 3 plays a role in activating immune cells. so it would kind of make sense if a highly effective, very end of it provided some clear protect of benefits, some other genes linked to the immune system. also almost certainly feed and to risk. for example, those that make some people more likely to develop diabetes or those that make people more likely to experience a life threatening cytokines storm if they catch the disease. finally, there is the idea that some people might actually be genetically immune to cova 19 hypothetical territory. we know, for example, that having highly specific variance of a particular gene that, that makes a small group of people basically, immune to h i v. they simply don't catch it. might there be similar genetic variance that could somehow prevent someone from catching covered

we'll talk to gene specialing in a moment. what is the impact? if president trump moves up that decision, decides to run again what this will mean for the mid-terms and for him beyond? >> this is a fascinating question, martha. you have roe v. wade that fired up democrats on the pro choice side. then you have as you mentioned some slowing of inflation. it's important to say that everything is still very expensive. you still have immigration problems, crime problems. big problems around the country. that's on the democratic side and movement on legislation. on the republican side, this raid and this moment has opened up a whole door about government overreach and what that means. its fired up the trump supporters. you've seen a lot of trump-backed candidates that are having success in the mid-term primaries. that will be a battle by the time you get to november, which side is more fired up. right now over the past couple days, the trump supporters are. >> martha: bret, thanks very much. look forward to seeing you here in new york. we'll see you at

gene, welcome. you're the numbers guy.omists -- and i know the white house hasn't done an official estimate yet -- is that this loan will cost $300-500 billion. this is as if the treasury sent these people checks. how on earth is that not going to fuel inflation? >> so, first of all, howard, thanks for having me. we, our estimate is actually -- 24 billion a year, so that birthday -- be about $240 billion over the next 10 is years. and that is simply saying that we are expecting the $24 billion would come in per year, that now people would not have to pay because they had their debt canceled or reduced. you know, we think, obviously, this is going to be a major benefit for temperature tens of millions of american middle class families who have simply been trying to better themselves at a i'm of not just covid, but -- time of not just covid, but higher costs for colleges and less help through things like pell grants and in terms of actually needing the full cost of tuition. and i think there's a lot of studies out there that

>> that could mean anything is not true, but gene? >> no, i mean, it could be -- our newspaper reported that some of the documents they were looking for had to do with nuclear stuff. it's kind of unclear. you know, it doesn't necessarily matter. if it's marked "top secret/sci" it probably has to do with sources and method. it means if the wrong people get to see that information, other people can die. other people who gave us that information or through whom we got that information can die. it means that other countries can know stuff about our capabilities to listen, to observe, to attack, to defend, know things about our capabilities that they didn't know before, and thus can counteract them. this has serious real world implications, and that's why it gets this highest security marking. and that's why it's handled so carefully. and the idea that it's just that somehow it found its way into mar-a-lago is crazy because it's not as if it was just sitting there in his in box and accidentally he sort of stuffed it into a briefcase on his

why are there genes that dictate what we have, uh, iris color and skin color, and how did those genesle, they are dna, yes, our genes are here and it turned out that the gene that determines the color of our eyes is in the neighborhood, and what is it called cling to those genes that determine the risks of developing vitiligo, so it turns out that people who have brown dark eyes. unfortunately have more risks of great linga, last time we spoke

as a technology fellow, focused around the development of gene drive technology. many of his contributions related to the bioethics and biosafety of such gene drivers and first to describe how gene drives could be used to alter traits of wild populations in an evolutionary stable manner. in his recent work, he and his colleagues invented a new technology known as daisy drives, which led communities aiming to prevent disease alter wild organisms. through his career, he has been a champion of universal safeguards, transparency, raising scientific awareness of developing early warning systems to reliably detect any catastrophic biological threat and advising policymakers on how to best mitigate global catastrophic risk. >> ranking member paul, senators. thank you for the kind invitation. i have no special evidence regarding the origin of covid. no evidence to be conclusive in one way or the other. our models suggest knowing where it came from would not help us defend against future pandemics. i agreed to speak to a bipartisan hearing today because this is the emergin

gene, i won't get into the periodic table because i'll get a d or f in that subject tell us about yourcific segment of the semiconductor industry why it is important and what this chips act may do for you. >> great question. thanks for having me on, brian it makes gallium chips the last 30 years, the world used silicone chips. we use gallium which makes electricity cleaner and lower costs. the world is operating off fossil fuels and we need to convert from carbon and de decarbonize the world. >> what would be an end use for what you helped make >> great example is we charge batteries faster with smaller size power supplies to do it charge anything from the smartphone or tablet or laptop three times faster we can charge electric vehicles and other applications these g chips are powering the entire world of electronics. >> what does the chips act mean for you? i did speak with the ceo of the privately held company on the margin of the semiconductor business they make thermostats for semiconductor machines he said it is great, but we thought some of the investment would come regardless. w

gene in fact thank you for thanks for being here. it's great to be interviewed by somebody who has had a remarkable career as a journalist and is also been a wonderful author besides your contribution to the community. so thank you for doing this and for bringing up my occasional effort to be more optimistic, which is established a long record of naivete or or disappointment it's interesting. when i wrote the first book, which was the last great senate i did it for the purpose of showing how the senate worked when it worked. and how the senate was a source of inspiration at one time not just frustration and disappointment. and i kind of thought as you point out i was always looking for green shoots of evidence that things were getting better. many of the senators actually wanted the senate to work better and so there'd be some moments when it appeared that things were going to get better. but inevitably i would be my hopes would be dashed. mcconnell would step forward and regular order regular legislative process would fail and the s

they introduce to genes from other wild fish to create what they call aqua advantage salmon. these super salmon is supposed to grow twice as fast as usual, salmon, and require up to 25 percent less feed. this is not about an sustainability that is not about producing better animals. this is the outward in seeing a genetically engineered product for the profit of the company. this is donna pulse from the n g o friends of the us who advocates against this practice. enrique here steve is allotted, think of it is confidential business information. we asked the company for a statement and access to their to fix data, but hadn't received an answer. by the time we made this video, the us food and drug administration approved the fish unsafe to eat in 2015, but the decisions saw heavy backlash from civil society and environmental groups. they took the company to court. there's good evidence highlighting this to be genetically engineered salmon bleed with wild salmon that will in a couple generations bio examine. and not only are ecosystems at risk, the potential benefits of artificia

we then use cutting edge to gene having technologies like crisper and a few others to actually combine those genomes and create a resulting embryo. ah, this is al jazeera, these you top stories, at least for explosions of hit a military airport in russian occupied crimea. attacks and russian military facilities in the peninsula have increased in the last week. ukraine's president have held talks with his turkish counterpart and the un secretary general innovative. the was impact and global fee prices and risks to europe's largest nuclear power plant high on the agenda. it has been shelves multiple times, and there is a possible nuclear disaster, more liberty to see, and it is unacceptable. the russia is intentionally bringing us on the verge of radiation catastrophe on a global scale. we've agreed with mrs. secretary general with parameters for the possible visit of an a mission, who's ever reach a nuclear power plant in the legal way that involves their movement through territory, which is free of the occupying forces. the u. s, as israel will provide more details about why it shot do

there is not one gene. one other piece which is interesting.turns out that there are a couple species of algae that can re- colonize the coral. one of those species is more thermally tolerant. the species that has been, the algae in the coral for millions of years, what we are finding is after they bleach they are often recolonize with a different one. they can handle temperatures a degree and a half warmer. we do not know if there is a genetic predisposition for some corals to be able to make an alliance. that is one thing a lot of people are going after right now. the problem is it is a more selfish algae. at only gets about 60% of the sugar it makes to the coral. the coral is making a decisionha or, i don't know if that is a right way to say it that they are shifting to being less healthy, getting less energy, but being able to have something to go through this, the heatwave that is coming. it is complicated and a really interesting shift in the ecosystem. let me gode back to my very firt slide. i think that will be the easiest way to talk a

it is in our genes, it is in the design of our brain. we are actually re igniting how we are built. a very important finding in the science is that when we face very painful moments, we are engaging a form of suffering. that is actually an opportunity. it is a knock at the door to look more deeply to meditate, to bear witness to nature, to read a lifting text to pray. whatever one's form of transcendence may be asked of this loving, guiding force. ask of the universe ask of the spirit in life. what are you showing me now? what is it? life, spirit, and life that you show me now? these moments of deep dark despair can be a breakthrough to elimination. when we look at our m, r, i studies that people who have suffered, they are prone to suffer in their parents suffer. their life has heavy burden. and through the suffering they dig deeply, they reflect and they have a breakthrough of connection, spiritual connection. we find that their brains for having woken up for awakening start to change, and in particular, how do they start to change their is critical thickness. the cortex is proces

>> the mystery kept its grip on gene miller, too.m to start a cold-case unit, here. >> i mean, things have changed, dramatically, in -- in how cases are investigated. there's so much more that can be done. >> eventually, in 2013, detective wade joined him. eager to dig into the case of michella and jenni. binders and binders of police reports, and interviews and leads. 27 years of dead ends. and point defiance. like a giant, ever-present question. >> so, her bicycle was back here, in this area. and it was lying on its side. the suspect had taken some of these fern frauns and ripped'em out. and then, laid them across the top of the bike, to camouflage it. >> and further down the path, deeper into the woods, where they found jenni. >> hidden from view? >> very hidden. >> they discovered her body in a shelter, of sorts. >> one of the original detectives actually described it as something like an igloo, almost. so, like a cave. >> hmm. >> that was made out of the vegetation. >> what do you get out of being at the place where she was foun

they introduced to genes from other wild fish to create what they call aqua advantage salmon. these super salmon are supposed to grow twice as fast as usual, salmon, and require up to 25 percent less feed. this is not about an sustainability that is not about producing better animals. this is the outward in seeing a genetically engineered product to the profit of the company. this is donna pulse from the n g o friends of the us who advocates against this practice. and we can't seem to do that. there's a lot of think of it is confidential business information. we asked the company for a statement and access to their scientific data, but hadn't received an answer by the time we made this video. the us food and drug administration approved the fish as safe to eat in 2015, but the decision saw heavy backlash from civil society and environmental groups. he took the company to court. there's evidence highlighting the rest of the genetically engineered salmon bleed with wild salmon. that within a couple generations, i'll examine them. and not only are ecosystems at risk, the potentia

the capacity through which we experienced transcendence is one 3rd, and nate is in our genes, day one, but 2 thirds environmentally formed, which means that our parents, our community in school, if we are religious, our pastor preached. and mon rabbi, all way into shape that what is the relationship between spirituality and religion about well in addition to overlapping circles, s spirituality and our religion, where they intersect, about 2 thirds of people will say, i am spiritual and i am religious. my felt sense of transcendence is held in the prayers, the meditations, the text, the ceremonies of my religious tradition, about 30 percent of people and more as we look younger to gen c will say i am spiritual, but i'm not religious for me, spirituality is experienced in nature with my family in music or art, whether or not we are religious. every single one of us is a spiritual being. you mentioned that diagram of overlap and circles, and i think it applies to you as well, your spiritual person, but you're also clinical scientists. and i know that in your lab and be you're actually st

be maintained at a after temperature editor so that we cannot come up there's probably not a single gene that looks to be spread across the genome this frustrating and it's what is out there so good part about it is there's probably many many ways in different species of coral have discovered to be more thermally tolerant and so is a complicated story so that'sin why we don't know the ending from the genetic diversity story yet but we do know which is really good, is that thermal tolerance is inheritable to get to parents that are thermally current debrism. down, there likely to e thermal tolerance they had in your next corals lefties is about as far as they have gotten but because there is not one gene, is one of the piece that is interesting on there's out there's a couple species of algae they can recall a nice the coral one is more thermally tolerant as of the species that has been the clay algae spent in the coral for millions of years, what were finding is after the coral leach there also and often re- colonized with a different wanted it can handle temperatures and agree to have w

gene muenster is here. apple and i go back as apple and you. apple held up well so far. recommend it here? >> jon, it is the world's greatest company i think that distinction is something i've never given to a company. the reason i believe this can go higher at 250 the next couple years is the core products are necessity. 70% of products are necessities. i also believe they have an opportunity to get into new markets. these are things that can essentially really kick start growth they have a big problem in cupertino with growth. this is a $400 billion company tech companies are growing or dying. i think one of the key themes within cupertino is how to grow that jon, when i think about apple, i think about the strong core business and pull position with the markets of health, auto or ar any of those three can unlock significant market potential as you said, jon, you have known this company for a long time you can recount many times when investors get optimistic of owning shares of apple with new markets. that unlocks essentially a higher multiple. so, that's the kind of s

so even new population genome studies understand not just one gene but a lot of genomes of different thousands. and then we compare that to the same process that we do with the closest living relative which in this case is called a little more to. busy back out on our and then after we look at the genome, we do all the computational biology to understand the differences in the genes that create the traits. we then use cutting, you're generating technologies like christopher and a few others to actually combine those genomes and create a resulting embryo on it. needs to people have died on to, to planes, collided at a local airport in california by small aircraft to trying to land. when the collision happen in watsonville south san francisco, being investigated by the federal aviation administration. ah, this is out there at the top stories and he's for explosions have had a military force in russian.

so initially there was this kind of idea that we can find the gene for thermotolerance the gene that will allow those symbiosis to be maintained at hotter temperature. it turns out we can't there is probably not a single gene. it looks to be some sort of ability that spread across the genome and that's frustrating. but it's what is out there the good part about it is there's probably many many ways that different species of coral have discovered to be more thermally tolerant. so there's so it's it's a complicated story and that's why i was like, we don't we don't know the ending to the genetic diversity story yet what we do know, which is really good is that thermal tolerance is inheritable? so if you get two parents that can make that our thermally tolerant and you breed them. they're offspring are likely to be more thermotolerant than your next coral over so that piece is is about as far as they've gotten so but because it there is not one gene now, there's one other piece which is interesting and if we have something else it turns out there's a several a couple species of algae th

back in 1936, such as want to take stem cells from a living species with similar dna and then use gene at a sing technology to crate an animal very similar to the tasmanian tiger. but there has been consistent step skepticism about attempts to bring animals back from extinction. but lamb is the ceo of colossal bias. sons is the company involved in this project. the story of the carrying entire is a tragic one. it was actually hunted 100 percent to extinction by mankind in early settlers in tasmania and in australia. and will, is crazy about story was not only was a hunted to extinction, it was also given in it's a terrible reputation that it was eating sheep which none of that was true. and so it's a great opportunity for us to leverage cutting edge ginoma's editing technology to bring back a species that man eradicated under completely false pretenses that we already off to the right start. so 1st we map existing genomes of the specimens that we have in the case of the 1000. we've got incredible specimens. we also have 100 the pelts specimen. so we can even do population genome studie