>> the son of genghis khan. >> the son of genghis khan led this attack on merv. >> yeah, he advised the local people voluntarily, you know... >> ...to give themselves up. >> yeah, but, so, they did it, they opened the gate to the city, but he killed everyone. >> how many people are we talking about? >> half a million. >> half a million people? the entire population of merv, wiped out. >> yeah. >> that's a brutal massacre. >> he didn't kill only population. he destroyed all libraries, all hammams, all madrassas, he killed even the culture too. >> from merv i head to ashgabad, turkmenistan's capital, before catching a flight across the caspian sea to the capital of azerbaijan, baku. situated on the edge of the caspian sea, with a population of around 2 million people, baku is one of the world's fastest developing cities. the reason is simple, as luck would have it, it's sitting on top of a vast underground treasure trove of oil. baku's changing fast, and one of the more curious elements of that is that a whole fleet of purple london taxis recently arrived here. can you take me to the oilf