what i'd like to do now is start with george kelling. ack in 1993, new york city had only 2200 murders. at that time professor kelling met chief bratton at that time and then he became police commissioner of new york city and together they came up with implementing a lot of george's theories of combating crime. the police department has followed those procedures over the last 20 years. in the swingers wen we went from 2200 murders last year new york city had 340 murders. a remarkable reduction in violent crime in new york and many, many people in new york city credit this man. ladies and gentlemen, let me present to you george kelling. [applause] >> referring to broken windows, at first it was five years ago, then it was 10 years ago, then it was a quarter century ago, and now it's 30 years. i'm still around and still talking about it. and still, still remains somewhat of a controversial idea. i don't think the broken windows ideas are really that controversial if you understand the broken windows idea. if not they can be controversial an

and kate -- george kelling spoke about the subways in the crime. there were two different police departments, the transit police department and the new york city police department. we started seeing great things happen with the new chief it took over the transit police at the time. and what happened in some ways in a dramatic decrease in crime by applying these measures. most of these individuals were of to the crux or actually someone that would allow and commit crime. and that crackdown, they were in the gatekeepers in the subway which helped reduce crime to where it yesterday. the chief will probably get into it later, but it's a dramatic change in addressing the smallest changes. and at the same time we are addressing -- how was mostly in a violent crime units going after mostly the violent crimes, the heavy hitters and the people that wanted mostly for murders and shootings brought most of my career in the new york city police. but my time and fugitives was also another change. when brad camelot, addressing the quality of life crimes, these pe

. >> first let me say for my entire professional life, george kelling has been the intellectual leader of research and writing about policing. so it is both an honor to be here to talk about broken when is and a little bit intimidating. so i will try to talk about a couple of things that i think him from trying to look at broken windows from a contemporary policing is. the first thing i would say is something all of you already know. that is every area of law enforcement faces its own challenges. what made broken windows so importune and so influential as the theory is that it very affect only address the questions of a particular era in the 70s and 80s. at that time, the really central issue in the public was fear of crime. their symbol police movie to think about not only a sense that there's crime everywhere, disorder, instability. it is out of control, that it was spiraling out and there's nothing they could do about it. the police didn't know what to do. they had no strategy. broken windows provided a roadmap. it did a couple things they think are important and professor telling u