and of course, george kennan wound against may turn lodgement was an even has been near fusion ski, said nato enlargement. we've got an over arching pen, your pen security to older would lead to disaster. now of course, all these warnings have been forgotten. unfortunately, late is have warning, so actually come to take place. so of course, the west, the doubling down on his positions fairly many in the global southward more than the death of the beginning of brzezinski or the grand chessboard you quote to me in the book. i mean, saying european states no more than really vassal states with no silver in general practical terms. you suggest him saying, i mean is that true? now when we look at west in yorba, we turn to west in europe for a 2nd away from the great palace they are. we just see that decline. we have your, your there in britain actually speaking to me. yes. i call them sadly. legacy say powers, and unfortunately the political activity and you know, what would say in political science, the agency has been undermined because quite clearly there's political west and us land line

i heard the other night that george kennan had kept a diary since the age of 11 until the age of 101. so i think you have a way to go still, if you're vast research. how many did you have to know and did you only use english language resource resources. yeah, great question. so one of the places i went to research was the international red cross archives in geneva switzerland, and almost all of those archives were in french. i scanned i do have a working knowledge of french and so i was able to translate them myself. and with the help of, you know, a translation program online and for tricky with the help of scholars and coleman fellows actually who spoke french there were also documents in german and i don't speak well enough german in any way or read it well enough to know, but i also use translation and imposed upon of mine many the tapes i listened to had arabic speaking in them and. i don't speak arabic and i don't read it in any way. and so i was fortunate be able to hire graduate students. the middle east studies department at nyu and what was so interesting is there are so man

basically, you're saying that the content, the positive that george kennan outlined in, i think early fifties, late forties wouldn't work. now just because these conflicts are simply like wars anymore. like with germany, it was a direct conquest of territory. i think back in world war two. whereas now it's more a conflict between ideologies like communism versus capitalism, essentially. so you're saying that it would have worked better if the adversary had been the british empire, for example, when the values were comparable and it was just a matter of straight power. i'm not sure if i would say that, but. well, i mean, let me let me just put it to you this way. why? why was why was the vietnam war so unpopular? after all, was it was containment in action? because there was no really like end goal. they didn't want to push with north vietnam to expel communists from there. they just wanted to basically prevent the north north, the north vietnamese invading south vietnam, basically keep the economy out of south vietnam because, you know, because it's in other words, it doesn't meet the

we will not allow george kennan calls the treacherous of deference to come where, you know they're going into the wrong decision and in your military judgment and, not speak up. but once speak up, if you think they heard you said we will not elected, we have a right to be heard. we. don't have a right to be obeyed in the military. and we will be very blunt about. our our advice, we don't have to dress it up. there will be. it'll be done respectfully, because that's the way we do things. but at the same time, we will carry out the orders of the line. and i don't think i cannot think of an example of when we were unable to do that a single. and there have been i think many of you are aware of of the public disagreements where the military said we don't agree with and we were ordered to do it and we it to the best of our ability and right we were in the same unit at times carrying out those and we did it to the best our ability, you know, this issue my predecessor was general martin dempsey and friend and before i took my final assignment and we were in the process of transition and we were