george lee donato quite -- george lead that out quite well. we can't treat the weapons of state are an extension of the most powerful forces. in the real world they have been and must continue to be treated separately. no u.s. president has seen fit to use nuclear weapons even in the midst of the two protracted wars korea and vietnam. so, i am one of those folks who subscribe to the idea that given the united states overwhelming conventional military superiority in the 21st century and given the catastrophic effects of the use of a single weapon and the globalized 21st century age there is no possible circumstance that justifies work requires the use of nuclear weapons to deal with a bond nuclear threat and as george outlined their useless in deterring or responding to nuclear terrorism which is extremely hard to understand where a terrorist may have acquired such material to build a bomb. so it's -- and second we also have to consider another 21st reality which is that the continued existence of a large number of nuclear weapons particularly