george brown tree, later judge rountree went to the state and he concocted a piece of legislation, popularly called the grandfather clause. this piece of legislation basically took voting rights away from blacks until 1965. not just in north carolina but through the south. >> all below the mason-dixon. so this huge national repercussion. he had a huge repercussion here locally. for the economy of the city and of course it took the african-american community about 1000 people we knew were driven out of their county and included on the train at that point, the so-called spanish from wilmington, these were local leaders, lawyers, preachers, funeral directors, local politicians. they were the people who to this point had been african-american alderman, the firemen, the police and sheriff deputies. and wilmington went back to being ruled by this category of white supremacists and a number of white families. >> you have a situation where the intelligence and the leadership of the black community is basically wiped out for a generation, and from there wille looking at something now more than 100 ye