and president clinton actually believed, as did george w father, george h.w. bush, that the problem, the cold war, was that american people were losing interest in the world, that there was a growing isolationism, that there was not enough concern. and with the idea of continuing the effort to promote democracy and prosperity. now, that required the united states to build up its military infrastructure, as it did and whether it required the united to get involved in controversy was in different parts of the world. these were difficult questions to do to decide what constitutes a transformative moment is the fact that you have 911 an and 911 represents a transformative event in the sense that in the sense of making americans not only policy makers but most americans feel extraordinarily vulnerable. and because americans feel extraordinarily, they are in clawing to support initiative that they might otherwise not support because we haven't been doing enough, we haven't been paying attention and and the important thing is always to decide, well, what constitutes a vit

bush. - george walker bush: the new president of the united states, the governor of texas. - at that point, al gore called george wsh to concede. - then by about 3:00 a.m. eastern time, the numbers start to wobble again. - something to report to you here in this very unusual night. the vice president has re-called the governor and retracted his concession... - oh. - saying that florida is, uh, too close right now. - under florida law, if the margin of victory is less than half-percent, then there's an automatic recount. - mr. vice president, did you win the election, sir? - we're having a great run, here. - a confident and seemingly relaxed al gore is effectively starting a second campaign for the white house. his campaign chairman in florida announcing the campaign will support lawsuits over the issue of ballot irregularities in palm beach. - i cast a vote for gore, but at the same time, i must have punched the buchanan column as well. - there was the butterfly ballot, in palm beach county where an awful lot of people thought they were voting for al gore, but because the way the ballot was designed they ended up

george h.w. bush project, the george w. bush project and barack obama project. in addition to having pulled together and completed the edward kennedy oral history project and helping launch the hillary clinton oral history project. we don't just do presidents. we do other senior officials. and with that, it's a great opportunity to introduce our special guest, who's joining us by zoom today, robert gates. as you all know, robert gates served as u.s. secretary of defense from december 2006 in the bush 43 administration. and he continued his service through july 2011 into the obama administration. he's been awarded the national security medal, the presidential citizen's, and has twice received the national distinguished service medal. secretary gates also completed three miller center oral history interviews. and for that, we are so grateful the one person who is not here today is other coeditor of this book. this book is co-edited by barbara perry russell riley and mike nelson. mike is a professor at college in tennessee. he had planned to be with us today, but a

the invasion of grenada during ronald reagan's term, the gulf war in george w. bush's term, the u.s. support in bosnia, 9/11 of course, the capture -- the killing of osama bin laden during the obama administration. each of those you see a spike in public confidence in the military. guest: this is the single highest driver. if americans feel they are at war, they will rally to the flag. part of rallying to the flag is rallying to support the troops. particularly after a dramatic event like 9/11 when suddenly all of the danger that used to be over there is now over here, that caused a big drive-up in public confidence across-the-board. we are leaving that war frame, and more and more americans are not considering themselves to be at war. yes, they see a future threat in china, but it did not feel the same as it did in the weeks and months after 9/11. that opens the door for americans to return to a more traditional view about the military, which is ambivalence. host: how long has gallup been tracking this? guest: it has been going on mostly since the vietnam war. there h

director of the clinton campaign 2016, and former advisor to resident words w bush -- george w. - president george w. bush. who knows he may face more charges before the trial is done in the summer. but this is more severe for american democracy. >> that is right it brings in seven states and conversations with political leaders who have engagements in -- have engaged in this for a long time. people are now combing through the 45 pages of where they might have had a conversation. this is different. it is different because it is at a high level talking about the seriousness our democracy. edit hits differently across the board for elected leaders that are in place today and also thinking about the future of america in terms of the presidential campaign going on this happens in the background. christian: this is clearly in patients on the special counsel to get on with this and maybe takes precedence over the other cases. what are you hearing about timing? >> you can see there is a push to get this done. i think exactly where trump's team will go is start talking about process. the

the bush library i went several times. george each w bush library. the first time they let me see the stuff but a lot of it was closed because george w bush was governor and then later mostly i wanted to see the bush library when obama became president and there were political reasons for that but that was as i was wrapping up to research the so-called october surprise. the idea that the reagan camp had cut video a deal with the ayatollah to hold hostages until after the election and i was told in no uncertain terms i would do nothing about that in the bush library . but i found a lot of information anyway. but that's the lincoln library. and the reagan library when it first opened it didn't have much information but for some reason someone convinced nancy reagan to open the papers on the 1980 election, the election where carter was defeated by reagan. and supposedly when the october surprise toplace . i thought that nancy reagan saw those newspapers, somebody folder because it was a vast collection and not a very complimentary volume so there was a l

yeah george w bush. both of them did a lot of preparatory work and biden's case obviously to get to 206 people in in the white house. it was a lot of personnel work than a decision to focus on presidential appointees who did not require senate confirmation. he also worked on a developing information and strategies on issues that may came up. such as the date went under a heading of unconventional challenges what an unconventional challenges. could they possibly face and then assigning people to work on those challenges flesh them out and then develop mitigating strategies. so the preparatory work early is not just mandated by the government. it's also good practice by the candidates. that's tremendously helpful. i mean my read on your really interesting paper martha, is that the candidates and the government have put so much more? resources and attention into transitions in this 21st century and yet the transitions have for the most part been less smooth. which i think is a paradox that is worth explorin

well, look george w. bush from scolding george w. bush .he proved that in america the president can be a daddy's son and a drunk, and the election of barack obama proved, uh, in america of america, that the president in america can be a person who came from nowhere with an extremely muddy biography, yes, who was caught and who was in pre -trial detention in some countries of the world, including the russian federation, he had such an episode and who did not show himself as a politician. and the election of trump proved that in america the president, maybe, uh, the man who fought wrestlers cut in wrestling like that, and biden's presidency proved the worst thing, that in america there may not be a president at all, because i look at petrovna and the main question he has unspoken ivan so uh, his face is unspoken. and what is the federal agency did you even read? what typhoon huh? this is actually a very interesting situation, how step by step over the past twenty years, not just the balance of power in the american political system has been c

jack officer for 30 years and served for the district of columbia during the george bush administration. charles: the george w. bush administration. peter: and is currently with the heritage foundation. in farmington, ohio. diane. caller: i am a 70-year-old white woman and i see prejudice every day still. even as you were saying in the legal field. it is prominent still. in the state of ohio, we have a lots of white supremacists and no one is working on that. they are working more on the carjackings. yes, that is not good. but this white supremacy is even worse. thank you. peter: what is your response? charles: i agree that white supremacy or any ethics supremacy is despicable. but it is fortunately a very small minority of people. my point throughout the book is if you look at the criminal rules and procedures and look at the supreme court and state supreme court decisions, which have eradicated the illegal use of race and past practices that were despicable, especially in the software they punished black people often times for no reason, that is not still exist around the country. that is why i said there a

. ♪ adam: quick, what do kung fu panda, subprime mortgages, george w. bushnd today's bond market have in common? i will give you a few seconds. let me know when you have an answer. kung fu panda, subprime mortgages, george w. bush, today's bond market. we are out of time. actually, three of those four items i just mentioned occurred in summer of 2008. the last one is occurring right now. the bond market is doing something we have not seen since 2,008. the yield on on the 10 year note is back to what it was 15 summers ago when kung fu panda was number one movie in this country, george w. bush was president of this country, and subprime mortgages were roiling the markets, the economy went beyond this country, the good old days. maybe not. we all know how that worked out. for certain financial meltdown. flash to today and made the melt up, talking about interest rates climbing as we speak about not showing any signs of petering out anytime soon, north of the 4.3% the tenure rate is still climbing, so is the 30-year and so are mortgage rates, close to 7.5% more

the debate, and i'm looking on c-span on debate from 423 to 1980, and ronald reagan is next to george w bush. at april 23, 1980. houston. stop making excuses. don't make excuses. i am very busy as a teacher, and i can make time to be in these debates if i needed to. so i just think trump is hiding like a kid. he needs to step out of the race. that is absolutely despicable. >> who are you supporting on the republican side? ask i wish they would pick one person to focus on. the split up is causing the percentages to look lower than they really are. i think the polls are seriously questionable. they are showing donald trump support when i talk to people. no one supports him. not much. >> who do you want that person to be if you could choose? >> i like nikki haley. she has good background. as a woman president, that be a great change for america. a great and symbolic change. i see tim scott is excellent. i think that there is -- there are a lot of people. anyways. i just think trump needs to step down. he is not helping. thank you. >> let's go to montana. independent. >> hello. good morning. i w

asked for years when people would say to me, well this is for you when you hear the rhetoric from george w bush and, and all of them. and dick cheney and others, this is making us safer. that by going into a rack, you know, tie a yellow ribbon around a tree and in america, and this is making us the safer. i mean, my brother was in baghdad. so during the gulf war, and i mean how, how we saved for was our security improved here in the united states by invading and destabilizing the middle east. like please explain that to me. i'd love to hear how that works, how our american troops in syria stealing syrian oil, providing security for the united states, and then shipping it to a rack. how i was sending hundreds of billions of dollars into ukraine, making people in iowa safer. please explain. i would love to hear how these things right now could even go further. how is it actually helping ukraine, george? i mean, it needs a, you know, i've done my program. you know, you, oh well, um we, they, us should stay in a rack and i've always, it didn't, we help them enough. you know, maybe we should stop he

this divide, al gore and george w bush down the middle. the florida recount, hillary clinton won the popular vote but trump came president. we have not been able to get out of that feud. i think the republicans are winning in the sense that they were able to get recent supreme court justices in. that has fueled an unraveling of the programs, roe v. wade, clean air and clean water act. we are now in an aero where americans think less government is more. libertarianism is going on right now. on the other hand, if biden wins, we may be living in the age of biden. trump is eating all of the media up, but trump -- but biden might be a two timer. >> what does that mean? does this 50-50 have to break? >> it is not inevitable, but because we have been so defined as red and blue states, we know which will be red and blue in the next election. it is the same handful, arizona, georgia, virginia. there are others. there will be five or six states that will determine things. the electoral college as it is now structured helps of the republican party. d

but it's just the distorted the many, you know, obviously go back to one of the george w bush's was, and this is really the legacy of nature. and even even going beyond what was, i mean, the impact that he's had in this been your old of divisiveness and you know, they, they, he's the area that's over well many countries easier, but you don't basically have had quite a peaceful life. it wasn't, there wasn't many of the ethnic conflicts. the, the, the are terrible political been this with us now emerged in a country out in bulk area and romania molto. but all of that is effect the is an effect of a us and they do expansion. know, you know, the, george dave who are really good, literally a menu of failed of foreign policy, became changed the claim where we, where they have one minute left here. but the different, there's a big difference. this time you go to the, the u. s. is leading the collective west against a new killer power called brush it, it's been different. don't you think one minute? absolutely. it is. and i think you're, you're witnessing why they're continuing to push for,

and i will ask george w. bush's former attorney general, alberto gonzales, all about that new indictment. whether trump should serve time in prison whether he's convicted. breaking news on the cost of a dartmouth case on what mark meadows is reportedly telling the feds. our in-house law firm is standing by with reaction to that. later, the front other plans to give the first a bag on wednesday night. sits down for an interview with tucker carlson instead. republican candidate, will, her to talk about how to take on trump in advance of what is shaping up to be the weirdest, while, this debate week ever. with each passing week, with every new indictment, we are learning more about the kind of country that donald trump tried to turn us into after the 2020 election. a country, in his mind, where democracy is no longer the guiding principle. where votes can be found, even when they are not earned. where the justice department can be used to keep a failed leader in power. with each new indictment, the latest out of fulton

if this was george w. bushthat ended basically that president's presidency with george w. bush and what we're seeing here as far as the complete noncoverage of joe biden and the way he acted towards maui and the fact that he is now back on vacation again after spending a couple hours there, that's a whole bowl of wrong. meanwhile the coverage has been almost entirely negative towards not just the frontrunner and donald trump on the republican side but all the candidates, every interview you see on other networks it's like watching a democratic activist or politician debate the person they are interviewing instead of asking solid, germane, relevant questions around the economy, crime, border, energy independence, monetary policy, foreign policy. and that's the thing here. one side is going to get almost completely negative coverage. the other side won't get almost any coverage when they screw up or coverage that basically is very hospitable instead of hostile. >> todd: you and carley mentioned what joe biden sai

we have election of 2000, al gore, and george w. bushcame down to florida, a couple hundred red votes, al gore brings first lawsuit it is then litigation hell, different districts in the state, and trying to find judges that would up hold this part of law the that part of the law, the radical left wing democrat control florida supreme court steps and changes the law, to try to get gore over the finish line, u.s. supreme court says that is enough. that is enough. the voting has to stop. the supreme court of florida can't keep changing the rules, they are destroying one person, one vote. the entire concept. and so george w. bush is the winner. and he wins the electoral college by 5 votes. he lost the popular vote by over half a million votes. that was a very consensus election we -- 1 de con den shocontentious election we know it and this january 6 was said to be a an insurgents. we have a commission -- insurrection, we had a set up by nancy pelosi. she rejected republicans that leader mccart he chosen, that was never done before, they do

and let's think about like to invert this, because, you know, george w bush has has talked about it, too. he's actually taken the more symbolic route of doing this of laura bush. can speak out on it. and george w bush writes pics and paints pictures, and then they go on display around the country. just think about sort of like it's the soft sell, right? you'll take the hard sell from the first former first lady, right. because you don't view her as political when. the former president wants to make a political statement and be mindful and respectful of norms. he does it by painting pictures of immigrants and then, you know, using his platform to be able to, you know, mount exhibits around the country. yes. you know, that said, i don't think that barack obama is going to sort of withdraw, you know, from the stage of politics. as you mentioned earlier, clyde, and you've written about and spoken about obama's optimism and his incremental approach to social change and some i wonder if his optima. might be misplaced at this moment of danger for democracy and in this moment of crisis. how d

george w. bush's john sununu was run out of town after using government transportation for personal purposes. but their crimes, their misdeeds, pale in comparison to what mark meadows has been charged with. i would never minimize watergate, especially with john dean on a panel. but think about it. >> smart man. >> think about it. h.r. haldeman went to prison for covering up a botched attempt to bug the opposition. mark meadows is accused of orchestrating a mafia-style shakedown of a state official for nonexistent votes and, oh, by the way, enabling the overthrow of american democracy. so he owns the title of worst chief of staff lock, stock, and barrel in my view. >> i want to bring in jason willick to the conversation as well because you've an opinion columnist. you actually think, i mean set aside the list that chris is talking about of who the worst chief of staff may have been. i don't think anyone wants that title. but i think he might actually be successful in movinging his caso federal court. w

and i can tell you that, because i had worked for then vice president george h. w. bush. we have never written it for him. reagan, and reagan alone, would have insisted on delivering the speech, once he had seen it, over other objections. george bush, vice president bush, and every foreign policy speech, the first question he would always ask me when i drafted a foreign policy speech is, did the state approve of? this that was his first question. so jamie, you listen to this story. all three of you, but jamie next. we will stay with ronald reagan here for a moment. this is a story, i think it's a famous story. it was told me by -- who was your predecessor, who was ronald reagan's first national security adviser. so, the year's 1977. reagan is now a former governor, he has just lost the republican presidential nomination to gerald ford. and so far, there is no inkling that he is going to run for president. still, he is playing close attention to world affairs. and -- stopped by himself, and reach sin on world affairs. and then, reagan says, would you like to hear my theory

so the republican party failed to transform itself demographically, as george w bush wanted it back in the day. and instead they're betting on a whole set of new voters and those are ultimately fully in the trunk camp. 54 percent of republican supporters still think this is a man for the white house. rhonda santa is trails him at only 17 percent. so the republican party needs to hold on to that trump space and has such as such, become ultimately beholden to donald trump in the military when to in the jazz said it's ending military agreements with france. it's full colonial rule. the frances responded saying, a need the legitimate, the j a golf but can make such a decision the closely that it will say bored people to launch out full far anomalies and spies amazon to the west african block eco westward. it could result in village reaction and coming days. if the shows democracy is not still, negotiations have ended in deadlock, can members, site synagogue has already said it's ready to send troops. qu, they did say they would meet forth with force, ugly as you would contact the bowl, agg

so the, on the separate, your late secretary of defense center, george w bush was saying so many unknown unknowns that i really cannot speculate on that there are some that are saying that the war may, may last well into next year if, if not longer, this put and have another year is, is time on his side in this for a little it's a in, in a war of attrition. yes. the time on he said, as i said, i actually think that the longer goes the, the less questions he would have to answer if it's not a complete loss, if it's more the complete, you know, they running out of old i munition altogether is pretty bush and as big version kept, kept saying, kept, kept suggesting, i actually, the beginning of this would probably, even on that program. i said that it's, you know, it's in you, again, it's done. it's going to last for a long time. i don't see the victory in it. i mean, once again, many unknown unknowns, i don't see victory of it. so it's going to be a long war of attrition until until it can no longer continue. so i would even imagine it goes into next year in maybe some random somebody or ma

so the republican party failed to transform itself demographically, as george w bush wanted it back in the day. and instead they're betting on a whole set of new voters and those are ultimately fully in the trunk camp. 54 percent of republican supporters still think this is a man for the white house, ronda sanders trails him at least 17 percent. so the republican party needs to hold on to that trump base and has such as such, become ultimately beholden to donald trump. the military one day in the jazz said it's ending military agreements with france. it's full colonial france replied that only the legitimate needs a government can make sense. the decision makers, leader also born people to watch out for foreign armies and spied so the lot that was off to the west african bulk eco was born. the could result to military action and coming days if new jazz democracy isn't restored. negotiations have ended in deadlock and meant the state senate. gov as a what he said. it's ready to send troops a truly to say they would meet force with force at glacial unpacking. the aggression to report att

. ♪ adam: quick, what do kung fu panda, subprime mortgages, george w. bushket have in common? i will give you a few seconds. let me know when you have an answer. kung fu panda, subprime mortgages, george w. bush, today's bond market. we are out of time. actually, three of those four items i just mentioned occurred in summer of 2008.

process, they could have had a vote, like the congress did before i did, and it was 2005 when george w bushhe challenges were that many of my colleagues perform it and i voted against, thatis perform it and i voted against, that is their right to do but in the end, we have a judicious system called voting that takes care of that and it was taking care of that and it was taking care of, that night, when the challenge is were brought up but what president trump did he helped energise a crowd that ended up breaking into the capitol and i agree with, luke, without that he would not have been judgement in without that he would not have beenjudgement in indian been judgement in indian history beenjudgement in indian history showed it happened and now he and the people around him who contacted this harebrained scheme, they are being accountable in fulton county georgia and that is why you are showing that mugshots now. ., , , , , now. the former president seems to continue _ now. the former president seems to continue to _ now. the former president seems to continue to solidify _ now. the former p