across the board in german press, this is the kind of thing germans were reading.t was clear to any german who read the newspaper that roosevelt was not a friend. the next on september 1938, a fateful month. the month of munich. tensions were building. germans were accusing the czechs of threatening the germans in that part of czechoslovakia. they were building up a campaign in germany to suggest that awful things have to be matched by military force. those of us who remember the bay of pigs -- and i know this audience, a lot of us do. we will never the feeling of standing near the edge of the of this. war might break out at any point. how europe was feeling in september 1938. roosevelt at that point stuck his enterprising efforts into it again. he sent the first of five public messages indexed year, trying to secure peace. he said the message in september, just before munich, calling for international conferences. he could kind of be the postmaster getting information from one side to the other. he was on the side of public opinion on this. although the american p

both nazi and east german. a fascinating world about that. i will just say, just google or east germanda propaganda that would be one of the first things. propaganda archive bit large collection of translations and images of propaganda from the nazi in the east german periods. now i am happy to introduce our speaker tonight. [applause] mr. bytwerk: shortly after noon on april 24, 1939, herman goering introduced adolf hitler to the german reichstag. kittler was about to give what i -- hitler was about to give what i think is the most widely anticipated and widely heard speech of the 20th century. that is a bit of a claim. and the back of your minds as i'm speaking you may see if you can come up with a counter example. there are certainly a number of things one might consider. we are going to look at that speech this evening. before that, we are going to look at the background of relations between adolf hitler and franklin roosevelt. then we will consider the beginning of a rhetorical battle between the two which

the german advance the day after the german attack began on the 22nd of february.t became the french bureau. the idea of defensive sacrifice. on the other, the german counterpart of that would be the two german attendants, a name who ignored orders with two companies of brandenberger's, troops, andrman sees the mightiest fort in seized it with simply a couple of companies of men on their own initiative. before the end of the war, musical songs had transformed him and his men on the french side into the most interesting when i found was they transformed him into the hero roland. the german side, he and his fort,hose who took the were often cast as the reincarnated teutonic knights. even in a serious gym or newspaper, -- german newspaper, which wrote about how they had pulled off the greatest feat of arms. so willpower among the french consisted above all in stopping the invader. it's an active refusal, really. -that also has very little to with napoleon, the very different kind of myth, very different kind of story. and that is the words that have been given appropr

german intelligence embraced him. and a few months later parachuted him back into russia as a source. devaniov soon reported he'd become a communications officer at red army headquarters and for more than two years thereafter, he passed fabulous information to hitler's eastern front intelligence chief acclaimed as germany's most brilliant wartime intelligence officer. he cherished the network of which demianov was the key figure. he reported through an intelligence officer code named agent max. meanwhile, max's dispatches had another fascinating audience in britain. historian hugh trevor roper spent the war monitoring. he never concealed his contempt for them. one of his milder descriptions, a colony of kooks and bureaucracy. a bunch of dependent bum suckers held together like a cluster of bats in an unswept bar. yet i decide while researching this book that the unloveable, snobbish, rude, arrogant trevor roper was one of the most remarkable british intelligence officers who from 1942 onwards knew much more about hitl

certainly the greatest german spy. and although that story was untrue and there was a book written in 1932 called "the man who killed kirchner." duquesne was a saboteur who committed violent acts against british and according to the fbi which is wonderfullly chaste he lived, quote, without the benefit of clergy with a much younger girlfriend at 24 west 76th street which is half had a block from central park. it was then a polish -- it was a boarding house owned by a polish woman. today it's owned by a silicon valley billionaire i think. second, there was lilly stein, a 26-year-old vine ease jew who was living in an aerpd in midtown and assigned to seduce american and british officers in hopes of learning war secrets. she reach the united states by vienna by way of a visa provided by augie hammond jr. who was the vice counsel of the u.s. consulate in vienna with whom she was having an affair, and she got a german passport furnished by nazi spymasters who were eager to set up a mata hari operation in new york. the passpo

the germans didn't know -- the german audience, the german public, didn't know what to do to celebrate. in the end, they did celebrate, and that was accepted. so, i think these kinds of symbolic communications were actually also very important. and as sort of one aside to this, i think the things that you outline actually help us explain why things have played out so differently in the case of memories between japan and korea and china, where the political situation is very different. they're on opposite sides of the cold war. germany had to integrate. it is the only way to survive. it was bloody necessary. japan was just not the case. it had to integrate with the united states, which it did. so, i think that is not to excuse what you say, mention that as reality, but i think we have to be alert to these differences and understanding these differences. >> we're going to go over time so we can get one more question in here. >> thank you,. professor, you sort of broached this, but you never actually said it, and i may be wrong. but i understand that in chinese schools schools, chiang kai

in october, germans will finally establish an german air force. not completely independent as we know it today, but what you see is a change in the relationship between the ground forces and the aviation assets themselves. aviators on staff are no longer just advisors. they become commanders. they are not necessarily wedded to the ground fight. it also answers to the german high command. they are starting to become their own entity during this time. in independent unit with high-performance aircraft to clear the skies of enemy and he will get the best german aircraft coming off the production line at this time and put in some of the best .ilot the new albatross the germans come out with, which you see the toture there, is superior what the allies have, and they the skies of the royal flying corps' aircraft. the royal flying corps is going to lose a lot of aircraft, and for a lot of reasons. one of them is training. german aviators getting 60 hours. your royal flying corps component is not getting the same kind of training. of course, there's a per

it was 10,000 german. the u.s. congress decided it was not equivalent to the japanese internment. >> any other -- that's what i thought. >> i think the reason there were probably extensive fbi surveillance of the german-american bund activities, i think it was the day after pearl harbor, the fbi raided a major bund headquarters in st. louis. i think they probably in the ensuing hearings became aware because it was no great secret. harbor, at that time, the bund was flagrant in their espousal of the cause so i would imagine in the trials or in the hearings, there was abundant evidence that these were people who were not making a secret of their sympathies. >> yes. >> the question that would be most interesting to lawyers, first amendment lawyers are whether or not the public espousal of their sympathies for hitler and the nazi party were within the protections of the first amendment? my guess is they found they were not and they did time. i guess i'm curious about what happened. where they deported? >> yes. some of

german americans turning against the fatherland. and question to the back right. >> thank you for your presentation. how were the saboteurs identified and by which agency? >> are you talking about the u-boats? i'm not an expert and don't have michaele top of my head dobbs has a very good book about this. theyong island side, screwed up from the get-go. they were leaving stuff behind. they messed it up from the beginning. i can repeat it. >> we will get it on the microphone. to point out before agency landed in new york ran into a coast guard and to of the others ratted out the others, but my question is the fbi kind of look into these things. j edgar hoover says the fbi broke the case. ever do add an investigation where it tracked down people that did not walk in and surrender? [laughter] are other cases, but they are much more minor characters and what's his name's i'm blanking on the author -- it goes into the gimbal case. a lot of them were like this. a lot of these guys were not bombing get far and factories in the united states

the germans were told of operation mars to labor german forces from uranus. this seems to me one of mr. markable intelligent stories of the war. allies, they were among the most remarkable institutions the world has ever known. forming a key part of the narrative of our two nations achievement in the conflicts. it remains weird almost beyond imagining the germans never recognize the vulnerability of enigma and lorentz. they received endless clues and tips. of how in may,y 1942, a german warship in the indian ocean capture the australian freighter and found aboard top-secret allied reports based on ultra intercepts which were brought into berlin. nobody rang alarm bells. likewise, 1943, a swiss intelligence officer used information apparently from an that the allies of broken u-boat code. again, no action followed. the russians, while they were still hitler's friends, informed the japanese that their verbal to dramatic code was being read by u.s. intelligence. all these alerts, together with others from berlin's own good covers -- cryptographers were domestic.

germans could never capture moscow. they got to the gates of moscow the day before pearl harbor, december 6. they could never get through. leningrad was under siege. for 900 days, literally. 900 days. neareople are not starvation, they were in starvation. they killed the plaster from the walls to eat because they had to have something to eat. there was cannibalism. the dead were literally eaten and leningrad. it was a terrible time. but they were loyal to the motherland. if nothing, the germans could not get through. this was going on at the time of pearl harbor. actions --to aid the russians and leningrad. there was nothing we could do but sense applies -- send supplies to them by some other means. the foreign minister for britain was in moscow trying to find a way to get supplies to the russians, how would they accept them? any supplies came in through i run -- iran and persian. trucksd send planes and -- iran. the russians would not let them take it into russia. the cold war was going on already. they would not let u

when the germans are -- the germans are a very good service. and they're going to put all their resources to find this person and this killer and bring him to justice. >> this is a guy who came to germany in 2015. what we're seeing is this back lash now against the chancellor there and this policy of opening the door to refugees. now, we're still waiting to find out exact details about this man, who is a tunisian national. as you know, president-elect donald trump has been extremely against taking in refugees. in light of this and certainly the concerns that this may create, what do you think about that position of his? >> well, we have to remember, this is a symptom of a larger problem. if we would have engaged effectively in syria and other parts of the middle east sooner you would not have had an extensive refugee problem on our hands. you wouldn't have 4 million syrians displaced. you wouldn't have seen a spillover in other countries in north africa. so we have to remember and take away the lessons from this. and that means we've got to tak

preventing any resupply of the germans through the french ports. we set up this warning system. and so forth. then we came back to england. while i was setting up our escape route, in the center of france, my intelligence officer, who was an austrian by birth and citizenship, he was fluent in german. we put him in charge of the intelligence. he decided he would make sure that we have this escape route set up. he crossed over into austria and set this up. when he came back, he said, you know, the austrians are anxious to get involved in this, and they know where the hitler's bunker is. not his berlin bunker, but one way up in the mountains of bavaria. they would like to have a team to come there. when we got back to england, i told them about this. i said i would like to volunteer to take my team in to train these austrians and do the same thing there. the british were not too friendly with that idea, and i guess the bureaucrats were involved in some way. we were turned down on that. they said, we would be interested in you going out to china. we ar

, east german sports program. in 1978 in the us, my brother albert is with us today as well, and 18-year-old college sophomore goes on a backpack trip to west germany, and unbeknownst to any of this slips into east germany to meet the family behind the iron curtain. an amazing story i won't follow for you. in the 1980s the soviet union has a reform minded leader, mikhail gorbachev. we have ronald reagan and the two work to improve relations. by the time i arrived in berlin in the early 1980s as an army intelligence officer the red army has 20 divisions facing the west. is the height of the cold war and berlin is a hotbed of intelligence activity and the spy capital of the world, all sorts of intelligence activity from both sides of the berlin wall are being employed and i was given the job of leading intelligence collection into east berlin where we went into the east in teams of two to spy on the soviets. in the book i share a little bit about the teens that did this work, the risk and dangers that came with the

the germans invaded the. they discovered what it's doing and they hear they are coming for him and he escaped by train to oslo and puts his family about his childhood home. they said what we want you to do is develop scientific technolo technology. thanks to my son to assemble the diaries that his wife wrote to the time he got on the train. ato the moment of his death is what he was thinking, feeling and doing and he wanted to fig fight. it's the special operations executive but some of you may know it's called most famously the minister of ungentlemanly warfare. they are the commandos, the ones that go behind enemy lines. it's possible this can happen and they also realize that they would also be in the same place. it's so bland and it's the impetus. it was written april 23, 1942 at the scientists of the committee, the british atomic program. since experience confirmed what he did for the military purpos purposes. it was to stop the production. they would sit down and discuss two things. the invasion of main

sports of the company of the east german olympic training team. in women's cycling. and was training come racing around in east berlin at the very same time i was crossing into, crossing through the checkpoint charlie just a couple miles away or conducting intelligence operations in the east. of course we didn't know that until the wall fell and we were able to figure that out. in the book i also tell the story of some very brave souls not related to the family. major arthur nicholson who i worked with who is buried at arlington national cemetery today shot and killed in 1985 by soviet century while on a mission in east germany. major nicholson became the last casualty of the cold war. i also spoke to family members and some who were killed trying to escape. family members of people trying, who were killed trying to escape. i also tell the story of two political prisoners that i interviewed and about a few dissidents who tried to speak up for the rights of all. i also spoke to luther, now it's become a personal friend, some something may recall hi

he invited and received german and italian aid.rnment received some russian aid. the democracies involved a formula of nonintervention. there was opportunity for a dress rehearsal for a full-scale war. an excellent chance to test new weapons and tactics. the spaniards were the guinea pigs. men, women, and children. it was a long war, ended finally by hunger. ♪ narrator: hitler was not content with austria. at munich, he had said his theory of race and blood demanded the incorporation of all german-speaking peoples into the reich. they were those in england and france and the united states who did not think this a reasonable demand. taylor called upon -- hitler called upon czechoslovakia to surrender this area. was area of czechoslovakia heavily populated by germans. -- france and england were in a defensive pact. great britain was linked with france. so hitler, prime minister chamberlain of great britain, mussolini, the premier of france, met in munich, and because the democracies of europe were hungry for peace, removed the thorn

it would have 16 east germans informing on their fellow citizens. one interesting story in the former east germany and today historian tells a story after the wall fell in the early 1990s he was having a conversation with an agent who said i think i would have known if you student someone to spy on me and the man answered we didn't need to send anyone, people surrounded you. in fact two of his best friends had reported on him. all this is to say this became a way of life. this is how life normalized for the people of east germany, people learned to adapt, self-centered their thoughts a way of survival. we survived by following rules, trying to stay below the start the radar and not confronting the system. in 1953 there is an uprising in east germany. workers protest working conditions and demonstrate for basic human rights, reform and freedom but the red army moved in with tanks, hundreds were killed, tens of thousands arrested for their role in participating, 100 organizes are executed and along with 20 soviet soldiers executed for refusing to shoo

>> every year the german-american chamber of commerce are doing this survey with two to 50 german companies. what they expect from the u.s. economy. what can we expect from the u.s. economy next year? >> the german companies in the u.s. are optimistic. in 2017, we will create more jobs and invest in america. >> 2017, the u.s. will have a new president. we hear a lot of protectionism coming from donald trump. >> business does not like any kind of protectionist. we like free trade. this is something we want to talk about with the new president. i hope we have a chance to somewhat changed his mind when it comes to germany and the united states. >> we have also seen a surge in the u.s. dollar. how is that affecting euro business? you are also the ceo of a producer of agriculture. >> i think that the dollar strength is not completely surprising. i think the euro will come back and the euro is somewhat of a good high. for eco it doesn't matter so much. we cover all our markets with local factories. here in the u.s. we have -- we basically don't export so much from europe to the u.s.. >> do you ex

miguel. >> that's what so many of the german people and german press are asking this morning about the gaps as you point out between the guy. the american authorities had been alerted about this guy. he managed to get away for a couple days. the question now, chris, will be piecing together who he talked to and where did he get money and where did he get the car. how did he get to italy. was he in contact with anybody else. >> reporter: yes, because those connections could lead them to other people who may be plotting. we saw the other attack. we don't know if it is linked, but we saw the plot at the largest shopping mall in europe in oberhausen. two were arrested. late 20s or early 30s. kosovo refugees. a lot of refugees in 1999. a lot of young people living here who many have been able to protletized. others have to watch out for. they have to try to prevent this radicalization from continuing because we will see more attacks. >> chris burns, hang on. we want to go to ben wedeman in italy for us by phone. ben, the details of this. was he actually in the train station or was he transi

german society is divided over the issues. but there's a general tendency of people to want to live and move about. not feeling like they're living in a kind of police state. and a heightened police presence goes in the direction of exacerbating the fears and tensions around these questions. as we're seeing, the balance is precarious. does one set up a protectionist apparatus that has everybody on standful or to let people go about their daily lives. >> dominick, thank you so much. dominick thomas, live in berlin for us. we appreciate it. >>> it's 14 past 11:00. more on the other breaking news of the day. the assassination of the russian ambassador to turkey. and how both countries are reacting. when standard cancer treatment no longer works for patients like lynn, advanced genomic testing may lead to other treatment options that can work. learn how genomic testing is changing the way we fight cancer at cancercenter.com/genomics >> translator: on behalf of my country and my nation, i repeat my condolences to mr. putin and to a

annette: we begin in berlin, where german police and now -- german police are now calling a terrorist attack a man taking a lorry through a christmas market in the heart of the city. 12 people were killed and 48 others were injured. a pakistanias asylum seeker per that has been confirmed by the german interior minister. they are questioning the man concerned. angela merkel has just held a press conference in the last hour. let's listen to what she had to say. >> a symbol of life. this symbol that was attacked, the moments of joy in the streets, are part of christmas. we refused to let the fear of evil paralyze us. we will find the strength to ,ive the lives we want to lead free, together, and in an open way. annette: let's go to our correspondent. what do we exactly know at this stage about the investigation? >> what we know, it has been confirmed that the suspect is a pakistani maman. there were two passengers, the second found dead. the driver has been arrested by the police, and he was trying to escape the scene. he has been arrested, undergoing interrogation. he denieied the attac

german police say those responsible are still on—the—run.‘s news channel and the bbc website. that's all from the bbc news at six. it's goodbye from me. on bbc one we canjoin the hello, this is bbc news. the headlines: german prosecutors say a pakistani suspect arrested last night after a lorry drove into a christmas market has been released due to a lack of evidence. chancellor angela merkel said the perpetrators would be punished as severely as the lord allowed —— law allowed. translation: if it is confirmed that the perpetrator had asked for protection and asylum in germany, that would be particularly repulsive for the many germans who are engaged day in, day out in helping refugees. in other news... president putin has promised to "step up the fight against terror", after the assassination of the russian ambassador to ankara by an off—duty turkish policeman. russia has sent a team of investigators to turkey. surgeons claim that a new treatment for early stage prostate cancer, using lasers and a drug made from deep sea bacteria, is "truly

no germans had died.lly identified with the refugee policy has until now stuck to her welcome. from an afghan refugee she received thanks last month but today she was blamed for the attack by germany's far—right, hoping to turn successes in recent regional polls into national votes next year, they want tough new border controls. this chaotic migration policy is one of the factors because something like this can happen. we don't know who is in our country, of many, many people. we don't know what background they have, we don't know if terrorists are in germany and we have to stop this. here in germany a lasting impact of this attack may be political. questions of security seized op by those seeking to drain support from angela merkel in federal elections next year. further afield across europe, it serves as a reminder to political leaders that their support remains vulnerable to acts of terror and violence. a majority of germans have supported the welcome policy, provided it's for refugees fleeing war, voi

thisus through what is in german version.ow are the germans taking the charlie hebdo brand of humor? >> here, we have the first issue. who should grace the front cover but german chancellor angela merkel herself? she is seen in naples wagon factory -- volkswagen factory . angela merkel plans to run for a on the back page, compares her wing to idle settler -- adolf hitler. ,his morning in central berlin this a it is this kind of caustic humor they are looking forward to experiencing. despite the fact that germany has a diverse media landscape, thisfeel it is missing -- first issue in the next few issues largely translated from they areh edition -- planning to produce some original german content. the timing of the german launch is quite significant. the coincidence, but interesting nonetheless. >> the significance is very interesting. this is the year in which germany is facing a legal defeat an tried tot erdog .ersecute a german comedian it was within the realms of artistic expression and the .harges were dropped the civil ca

safe enough, says the german government.t has begun reporting failed asylum-seekers back to their homeland. ♪ i am brent goffetz. good to have you with us. a short-lived attempt at a cease-fire in aleppo. an evacuation plan for civilians and rebels trapped in the syrian city. thousands were due to leave today, but a cease-fire collapsed amid acrimony and new reports of reprisals from syrian forces and their russian allies. the u.n. has demanded safe passage out of the war zone for the city's shellshocked residents. the fighting has made that impossible. >> the short-lived cease-fire, already forgotten. life for those trapped inside the embattled city is intolerable. "i cannot stand here in the street for a long time because of the heavy shelling. it is affecting every neighborhood, which remains under rebel control." syrian government buses were meant to take moderate rebels and civilians out of aleppo. instead, they left empty. another sign of a collapsed cease-fire. both the syrian government and rebels accuse each other o

the german economy is still on track. no additional dynamic, but the same past we saw in 2016. reporter: most german enterprises can look forward to another positive year. >> there has been a lot of optimism over the thaw in cuba's relationship with the united states. it actually shrank the economy this year. economic crises among cuba's key trading partners. >> it is the first time in 25 years at the economy has shrunk. president raul castro announcing the news to a national assembly. the limitations of supplies and finance became worse in the second half of the year. that led to a decrease of .9% in gross domestic product. cuba's economi potential has grabbed headlines this year as straight with the u.s. is set to grow. the country's finances have taken a hit. that is down to venezuela's fumbling economy, which slashed import an investment and buys one third of cuban expert. ricardo brisas sees reasons to be optimistic, that up by a plan to invest more money abroad. "the plan we present to the assembly today is not with

end, all 12 victims will be german. as to whether we have to expect that there is still an armed suspect in berlin, according to the investigation right now, we have one suspect, but we are not sure whether he is definitely the attacker. we also don't quite know whether there is only one suspect and we haven't found the weapon. so all of that means we are still on a state of high alert and we are investigating in all kinds of directions to identify people who might still be part of this crime. question to the federal prosecutor. who is leading the investigation in the federal prosecutor's office? studio: you are watching a news conference in berlin with the german federal prosecutor and other security officials in the wake of the fatal truck attack on a busy christmas market. you're watching bbc news. translation: the importance of this case has been judged translation: the importance of this case has beenjudged because of the modus operandi, which has a specific character threatening the state, at least the way it appe

one german newspaper is reporting that german police are looking for a tunisian man after they foundin they found an identity document in the truck. so that is obvious lay significant development if they have indeed found an identity document in the truck. that is linked to the person behind the wheel when that truck was driven at speed through the christmas market in berlin. let's get latest from our correspondent damien mcguinness who is live in berlin. well, damien, they arrested one person and released him because they did not have the right suspect. we are hearing it seems potentially they know who they are looking for? yes, well, ithink they know who they are looking for? yes, well, i think the details are still quite vague. you're right, now it seems, they are possibly looking for a tunisian suspect. they don't know that many details about who they are looking for and about why they are looking for and about why the attack took place. yesterday, the attack took place. yesterday, the debate was about whether was this was an asylum seeker to carried out the attack. we knew a lot

the allied refugee organization declared itself not responsible for germans or ethnic german refugees expelled in large numbers from eastern territories. about 12 million, a large number. given this humanitarian emergency, the international red cross offered to help out people refugees with no passport and unresolved nationality. for example, eetsdznirk germans from check love ackia, hung garry, poland, german east russia and so on could obtain travel documents from the red cross. these were acquired in italy for the most part from the delegations of the international red cross in rome or jen waw. based on neutral humanitarianism, these papers were intended to help all refugees and war victims. given that there were no background checks and no real screening of applicants, abuse -- not surprisingly, was very widespread. not just refugees but also war criminals and nazis used this method to get away, in some cases with false names. one example is this one here. this is an application form for travel document of the international red cross. this one is for a certain claimant. in his app

the attack is being called an act of terror by the german government. this is the truck that plowed into crowds of people who just moments before been enjoying mulled wine and shopping for christmas presents. the truck smashed its way through the wooden stalls mowing down people in its path at this popular tourist destination, close to hotels and berlin's busiest shopping districts. witnesses described a scene of chaos. >> we heard glass breaking and we saw people shouting, screaming. some people crying. there were like people with blood on theirir face. they were obviously injured and some people were sitting on the ground. they were like fainting and, yeah. >> the truck was registered in poland and appears to have been hijacked. the body of a polish national was found in the passenger's seat with a gunshot wound. christmas markets in the german capitol will remain shut on tuesday as a mark of respect for the victims and their relatives. >> one of the first reporters on the scene was our reporter. he described the scene today. reporter: well, yeah, the

german officials warn he is armed and dangers.e will have the latest on the manhunt and the political fallout. plus, angela merkel says she is proud of germany's response to the attack. the chancelloror brace investigators and says she hopes the perpetrator will be caught soon. the christmas market where monday's attack took place has now reopened. we will be going there live. the site has also become a memorial to the victims. ♪ >> becky so much for being with us. a 100,000 euro reward in a europe-wide manhunt but so far no trace of germany's most wanted man. authorities are now saying there is a high probability that tunisian anis amri was the perpetrator of the deadly truck attack on a popular christmas market. the 24-year-old was even under police surveillance earlier this year and that is raising questions about security failures and whether officials missed opportunities to prevent monday's attack. reporter: this is where the truck was stolen that was plowed into the christmas market. police search for clues at an industrial

tot made it possible for us track all germans that were moving. it was a pleasure to be on the offensive finally -- finally. we did a great job of training these young kids on a farm and had not known very much about war. we did some good training and got some great results from that. we were able to block the movement and eventually made it so unpleasant for the german occupying force that they left voluntarily. smoothly intowent france? john: our drop into france did go smoothly. it was a long trip. we were in a formation headed for germany, and our particular alert to execute any given place a false breakout, a breakdown of something. they would declare an emergency. they would then drop out of the formation, headed back toward england, and at a given point, they would turn south and go at a lower altitude below the german radar so that we would be unreported in our area when we got there. that is the way that it worked out. rob: you made contact easily with the resistance forces when he landed? -- when you landed? john: we had an interesting s

it is now a very, what do we say in german, very awaken. germany a new responsibility, one it did not seek — how to lead in europe without rousing the ghosts of german domination in europe. german's are incredibly neurotic about world leadership or even about european leadership. they don't like to think of themselves really having a foreign policy. so, you know, the idea that germany would somehow lead is very disturbing for many germans. so, no, i don't think they're prepared for this moment well at all. although things in germany are changing and there's beginning to be slowly a sense of — if we don't do it, nobody will. for 70 years, leadership of the west has been english speaking. 2016 has upended that assumption. now germany, as it grapples with a security crisis of its own, finds the burden of leadership thrust upon it. allan little, bbc news, berlin. now, this might not be a story for you if you live below a flight path. india is cracking down on airlines releasing human waste from toilets in the air. it follows complaints that an

local police telling german television that he has been arrested.re involved in this incident. german police quoted on the associated press news agency saying that the driver was arrested near the scene. certainly two people involved. within that gordon. last year, there was a ban on suitcases and backpacks being taken to burling's quizzes market after fears of the possibility of an attack at christmas time. —— berlin's ‘s markets. it wouldn't just be it wouldn'tjust be local people that would be there, there would be lots of tourists as well. germany hosts around 1500 christmas markets every year. an attractive proposition for anyone wanting to cause mayhem and cause problems at this time of year. just to reiterate once again for those of you joining us and getting this breaking news and it is that a lorry has left the road in a busy pa rt lorry has left the road in a busy part of west berlin, deliberately leaving the road, ploughing into a very busy christmas market by the side of the road. nine people have been killed so far. at least 50 have bee