german cavalry? >> no. >> i don't know. >> the film seems to be building to the point of this attack on the fort. is that right? how would you put the battle for the fort in perspective in the larger war? was it important or is it over exaggerated in this film? >> it is over exaggerated because the climax of the film's story is travel to capture the german side of the war. he left shortly after it. this was the -- it fell, as i said, in late august. he left in september. once he got this, he came home. to be fair, i think his assignment had already been pretty long. you have to appreciate the stress and strain physically that these correspondents endured. the cameraman especially had to lug heavy cameras, a tripod, and some film. when you see what they had to set it up, they could not just hold it in their hand and take film. it was an ordeal. >> the russians regarded as their linchpin defense a series of forts in poland. one of the bigger ones, they had another, you saw one shot of a bridge that was

of a series ofrt german attacks for the next german senses. it was the third stage of the german offensive. wasproblem was that it gaining ground quickly. high command sends orders up that the french artillery needs to go support eli to the south. they can't be used for the battle. after a series of matches back and forth. said that werd will stay but we will only stay for the preparatory bombardment. most of the big guns will then leave the sector after the americans agree to the objective. that is critical. especially given how much that operations plan had emphasized the role of the french hotel or a. -- french artillery. these french guns are going to be gone. may 28, all of the companies and here. this was a task organization. to add to it, we are three machine gun companies, they had a company of engineers. they had a full battalion of the 18th infantry in reserve. one of those companies was up in the front-line near company a. this was plus the french flamethrowers. and the tank battalion. these photographs were taken by at thench arial

germans dug in and retook the village for the germans push them back out. since then, the germans have helped the village. they dug into the village dwelling. when the americans arrived, the first divisions arrive. they are not an established sector at all. there's no 5'4" six foot trenches. the very first task the division has to build is the sector. that photograph there is one of many if you go through the division history. over up time they take until mid-may, almost all the pictures were of them dating. while they are there, the germans are pounding them day and night. bullard getseneral the green light to plan a limited offensive. meaning, he is going to retake the village from the germans in this position. these are the lines as they look. sector,ey establish the all of the trenches that were dug. in between the german line to the west and the american line, no man's land. objectives -- general bullard gives it to his officers. marshall sends orders and says we need intelligence. we need to know where all german machine guns are. which village shelte

the germans were hoping they could enlist the jewish community into the german side. here are some germans who have been very happy and celebrating their entry into poland. in thee are the guys trenches. >> this was their big war. >> count kaiser link pops up again here. the train station right behind him. the guy the right cap gun is someone who shows up in a lot of shots. >> here is the jewish quarter of warsaw. everybody was trying to stay in front of the camera. >> that is an engineering core? >> it was basically people that trenches, some big tunnels under the enemy position and then lined with explosives and blow it up so they could penetrate the wall or the front line. >> this is warsaw, which looks like an incredibly attractive town in the shop. again, there are some shots coming in here. also, some of these guys are not even wearing the helmets. armyunits in the german for reasons i don't understand, you have the lancers here. it looks incredibly old-fashioned to me. they had their uses. >> do we know she warsaw citizens were happy the germans were there? >>

he certainly was pro-german. after united states got into it, he then worked very arduously for the americans and was involved in making some great pro-american propaganda films. an interesting person. these guys a pretty squared away i think. >> in this part of the film they're working their way towards the front. tell us where they are going most of it is behind the front. >> than there was the first big offensive movement towards warsaw. >> was poland and independent country at this time? >> it was pretty much occupied by the russians. >> matter of fact, they did control it. they are not particularly happy under russian rule. there were some polis regions that were set up to help the germans get the russians out. there is the man of the strange floppy hat. here are these guys digging in a bit. again, this may be shot during training. again, you get the feeling everything would have stopped dead without horses. it was a horse war. >> you had mentioned a spiked helmet. how long had the germans been wearing that?

americans like to wear the german helmets. they would send these things home and you would see them in museums, or up on ebay today. allison: they love souvenirs. 10,000 men at day coming to aid the war effort in world war i. mitchell: the americans did not have enough at the beginning of the war. but the british lent us the transport ships, otherwise, it would have taken a lot longer to get american troops over. allison: these ships are interesting. they are painted with dazzle camouflage, which was a technique that was used to make it harder for them to be hit. mitchell: this is the second battle of the marne, where the germans were stopped in their effort to get into paris. this would last pretty much through most of the summer. allison: these are the really the engagements where the americans are starting to jump in a lot more. you see places like chateau thierry become symbols of the american role in the first world war. and the fact that at the chateau today, there is a prominent american monument there. susan: you can s

the germans bought that. they wrote a rather lengthy report in january or february of 1943, just a few months after he arrived, saying dulles was there, and it had a biography of him, and they had found somgermans who had known him -- some germans who had known him for the war, and it just said he's in switzerland, and we think he's most interested in the german economy, gathering evidence about the german economy. it really wasn't sort of late, very late in the war before they kind of figured out that he was oss. they really sort of clung to this mistaken identity. they knew that he was doing some espionage, but they really didn't know that much about his network. there was a report that the germans did after value create in the -- valkyrie, and they mentioned dulles as someone who had been working with the german resistance. so they had a pretty good idea what he was about and what he was up to, but certainly they were lacking a lot of the detail. >> how did dulles get the information he was gathering back

including german editors. they were named the teutonic expectant's as they lined up for their loaves and fishes, and lincoln was really generous. he gave them plum diplomatic appointments to ecuador and zurich, german editors. and they had supported bates. and then kustoff koerner, famous german editor, writes a letter to lincoln and says why have you ignored this man who was for you before any of these guys? lincoln sheepishly writes a letter to the secretary of state and says, you know, i'm coming to washington and i represent illinois and i hate to give jobs to illinoiss but i have to take care of canisius. i would like to make him consul to vienna. $1500 a year. ultimately, he rewarded his copublisher as well. and he did more. here is an astonishing thing. without leaving very big fingerprints, lincoln asked the state legislature when it got back into session in january of 1861 to please pass a resolution to buy up all the back copies of the newspaper. this may be why there are no copies around. please buy

that had to be court made by germans. the germans were already advising poncho villa commodes we all know they weren't --, which we all know they weren't. that all played into the story that the intelligence services were pitching that nobody believed. it was kind of a collision of someple elements where, at point, they presented the german telegram and the intelligence services are all going, see? we told you. and it just ended up being that way. i think you make some great points. i knew i would enjoy that. monique? monique: thank you so much. replacing dr. john morrow, who was supposed to be on this panel. he is a great historian. he was the dean of the department of history at the university of georgia, and happens to be a very good friend of mine. he was stuck until midnight at the airport in atlanta, and didn't have the patience. this morning the flights were canceled. so i was just asked on the spot to come here, but john did send me some remarks he wanted to share with you. so i wanted to review his remarks. you h

so why is the united states fawning over the german way? some say it is on-the-job learning system that helps germany become an industrial giant. it provides classroom training with hands-on practice. reporter: drilling, grinding, and filing is essential for anyone wanting to become a machinist. in the dual track vocational training system, the apprentices learn this skill on site as part of their on-the-job training. the goal is to get the young trainees working on real projects in the work face where they gain hands-on skills. the trainees spend three or four days a week in the participating companies. on other days, they had for the classroom. at special vocational schools, they learn the theoretical side of their trade. it is key to becoming inexpert in their field. there are 350 careers in germany that require a dual track vocational degree. each with its own tailor-made curriculum. most vocational training programs take between 2.5 and 3.5 years. many of the graduates are offered a job at the company or they begin their training. >> m

german diplomats visit the german turkish journalist charged with peddling terror.e is part of a diplomatic tug-of-war between berlin and ankara. ♪ brent: i'm brent goff. it is good to have you with us. it could very well be one of the deadliest chemical weapons attacks in the six-year long syrian civil war. dozens of people come up to 100 including children, were killed in a suspected chemical weapons attack in northern syria early this morning. both russia and the syrian government have denied any involvement. the un security council will hold an emergency session tomorrow. what u.s. president trump plans to do remains a mystery tonight. our first story takes us to syria. the images you are about to see are very disturbing. reporter: rescuers try to wash toxins from this man' as body. the fight for his life on the streets. the images from the scene are too graphic to show. children and women, grasping, dead. helpers try to find a nebulous. in the clinics, the medical teams battle. the patient symptoms include suffocation, breathing failure, fainting, foaming at th

and it's still true, i count in german. >> do you ever dream in german. >> not anymore. after about a year in the u.s., i proudly reported back to the center that i'm now dreaming in english because i remember that very well. >> who was jack barsky. where does your name come from? >> it was stolen. that was standard operating procedure. that's how the soviets manufactured false ids. they look for records of individuals who passed away at a young age. in my case there is a cemetery someplace in maryland, i forgot the town but there's a gravestone that says jack barsk barsky, born 1944, passed away 1954. he was ten years old. one of the resident agents who probably worked at the embassy found it and got the birth certificate, pretending to be the father of the young boy and then it was sent to moscow and i took that with me when i came to the united states and used it to build an id and an identity with genuine american documents. >> it wasn't just about building a name. there's a whole tax story. cover and id is one thing. the kgb helped to create an entire person behind

we need the germans.icular keen about not executing some of the german generals that the british army wanted. so the political pressure was such, together with some feeling of amnesty, for humanitarian considerations. they stopped the trials, they released the people who were there, and then began to rehire people like wernher von braun, who knew about rockets, and some of his deputies came to the united states, as they had the new rocket science. so when the trial that you presided over at nuremberg was hailed as a success, as some did at the time, it can't really be described as that. some of those who were found guilty were subsequently released. i was of course disappointed, but i never anticipated or tried to do justice, in the broad sense of holding every criminal accountable. it would have been a practical impossibility. so i was careful in the selection of having the men in custody, having high rank, having good education, having absolute proof, beyond any doubt, of his guilt. i had his report, to

with your german name in background. have you completely left that behind or is there so -- is still something in you. i became a citizen three times. it's okay over there. i'm certainly more. i was driving with a history professor at the other day. and i was talking about germany and the united states and i used us and them. she said you know you're constantly referring to germany as them. the immigration process was a little odd. one thing is interesting i read this in a book one day. i count in german. actually, after about a year in the u.s. i probably reported back to the center that i'm not dreaming -- dreaming in english. i remember that very well. this is how the soviets manufactured false ids. that passed away at a young age. there is a cemetery not too far. there is a gravestone that says it. passed away in 1950. in one of the resident agents they found it and got the birth certificate pretending to be the father and it was sent to moscow. i took that with me when i came to the united states. and use this to bu

the germans knew that. the germans rarely went on the offensive. by this time of the war, we are talking 1915. they felt in order to break the stalemate, attacking the sports forts andty -- these the city, they were going to bleed the french white. the french miraculously hang on. they suffer significant casualties in military and civilian. it is going on and on. this is one the british attack the somme on the other side where 19,000 young british men are killed in one day. that relieved the attack on the done. it comes to an end in february of 1917. the germans hold on. thes interesting to see museum that has reopened recently that deals with the siege of verdun. you can go into some of the forts in the area. there is a lot to see. i encourage people to go visit that area. it is not far from paris. host: we have a caller in massachusetts. guest: -- caller: yes. yes. host: you are on the air. caller: i am a volunteer helping to build the war memorial in washington, d.c. commention is can you on what was the support for the draft? changed overraft t

brent: german chancellor angela merkel has told the german parliament that some people in the united kingdom are still under the illusion that they will be able to keep the rights of they have now even after leaving the european union. merkel also says of that germany host to conduct negotiations openly and fairly but she is stressing she expects of the same in return. >> the main issue is to avoid any damage to the european union which could result from an unsuccessful transition of great britain to its future status as a 3rd country. i sprint doors want to know if they can bring their products to the other market -- entrepreneurs want to know they can bring their products to the other market. it's important to create legal certainty regarding the consequences of withdrawal from the outset. >> this applies to the joint fight against terrorism and organized crime or the cooperation on security and defense policy. at the same time, we will always be keen to preserve the achievement of european integration. brent: the german chancellor who came before angela merkel, the chancellor who

what we found out, young german children factors place auschwitz moving hurpz of he thousands deemed arian nation would die unimaginable deaths. >> it was very clear to the german generals that they could not win this war. it was -- said day of allied landing will be for us as well as for them longest day. >> german generalize new knew one of the great charges history must-haves hold against them think didn't roil dignify hitler only way to save german people from ghastly agony that must come from fighting over german soul with a happened. >> is resistance to germans nazis in every country in europe is there one in. >> resistance inside germ was always pretty weak but few very brave men like german diplomats aristocrat, early as 133 sought the hitler was efl must be fought. >> july, 1944 hitler's generalize attempt to assassinate it is botched, look what is hitler's reaction. >> hitler never again trusted german army for generals what is regarded as best army in the world it couldn't even come up with effective plot to assassinate one man not even well guarded. >> i was there, that i

eventually they accepted the west german expedition of why this was a -- west german explanation of whyhis was a fake document. announcer: they were not the only forgeries. >> at this time the east german intelligence service started a worldwide campaign to undermine, to paralyze operations of cia and they came up with the incentive to publish a book called who is who in the cia. the information came from czechoslovakian and east german archives. the book contains a number of operatives.edly cia about 50% of the names in that book are truly cia agents, cia operatives and then there is a number of names of various american diplomats, public journalistsudges, who never worked for the cia. >> u.s. army field manual, 3031 b which goes back to the middle 70's and it is supposed to be a manual on how to destabilize countries. it has appeared in about 20 different countries. occasions -- many white gloves in the drawers of , secret packages would come in the mail and i would know each time there would be some forgery there. movies.spy you are not supposed to leave --to believe in the traces. f

the germans. today is a bulwark of moderation, of tolerance compared to so many messages coming from hungary or marine le pen or from so many people in so many corners. as long as our economy is great and as long as we make money, everything is very democratic. but let's wait and hopefully not see if we have five to ten years heavy economic problems and the swamp is a lake, it is a sea and we are swallowed again. i swear it to you. i don't trust it. it always makes me... thinking and feeling exactly wait a minute, there is something else. you can lead a happy life but there is something else around you. yeah, it hurts but, on the other hand, because i have had a really happy life. ask my grandchildren. niklas, what a nice way to end and we must. thank you for being on hardtalk. hello again. the weather is set to turn milder over the next few days, quieting down in many respects. before we get there, we had some thunderstorms. this one brought hail in west hampsted. thanks to this weather watcher f

the germans.ermans, as you painted, germany today is a bulwark of moderation, of tolerance, compared to so many messages coming from hungary or marine le pen or from so many people in so many corners. as long as our economy is great and as long as we make money, everything is very democratic. but let's wait and hopefully not see if we have five to ten years heavy economic problems and the swamp is a lake, it is a sea and we are swallowed again. i swear it to you. i don't trust it. it always makes me... thinking and feeling exactly...wait a minute, there is something else. you can lead a happy life, but there is something else around you. yeah, it hurts but, on the other hand, because i have had a really happy life. ask my grandchildren. niklas, what a nice way to end, and we must end. thank you for being on hardtalk. hi there. it felt pretty chilly at times yesterday, didn't it? it was even cold enough for some snow on the ground up in the highlands of scotland. not bad going for late april. you c

you remove them from cultural institutions that germans patronize.emove them from civil service positions where they have authority over germans and so forth. that's what they did first. they didn't necessarily begin to strip people of property, only gradually at the local level, rather than the national level do they begin in 1934 and '35 to squeeze people's livelihoods and make sure that they couldn't earn a living. (speaking german) >> narrator: according to hitler, not only were jews contaminated, but they were the source of evil. >> he also was convinced that they were the mortal enemies of the german people. that no matter what germany's immediate rivalries with other states were, that it was always jewish power that intended to undermine germany. >> narrator: hitler believed germany lost world war i because of the jews. >> therefore, if germany was to become powerful again, if it was to rise from the defeat of 1918 and maybe have another war, it could only be successful if the jews were driven out from behind the german lines. >> narrator: at

german politicians have demanded support for him. case was the missed -- efforts have finally begun to bear fruit. >> first and foremost this has to do with very humanely ensuring that he is provided with a good accompaniment. the conditions are bad enough when you are innocent and in jail. reporter: the turkish president repeatedly accused the journalist of being a german agent or terrorist, but presented no proof for his allegations. the case worsened the already strained german turkish relations. in germany, supporters to to the streets to show solidarity. german politicians have accused the turkish government for using him as a palm to put pressure on germany. -- as a pawn to put pressure on germany. now there is a glimmer of hope that his situation will improve. brent: the former south african president, who helped end apartheid come has called for action against cultural religious and ethnic discrimination. the era of mono-ethnic societies are over as societies because -- become more heterogeneous. the church, rebuilt after was

weak but few very brave men like german diplomats aristocrat, early as 133 sought the hitler was eflt. >> july, 1944 hitler's generalize attempt to assassinate it is botched, look what is hitler's reaction. >> hitler never again trusted german army for generals what is regarded as best army in the world it couldn't even come up with effective plot to assassinate one man not even well guarded. >> i was there, that is i had just heard a allowed banning. -- cospirittors planted a bomb beneath oak table. battle of bulge is next. click click click click click click (male announcer) hit escape with great gear from bass pro shops. and for a limited time, save up to $6,700 on select arctic cat side by sides. z282uz zwtz y282uy ywty but grandma, we use charmin ultra wad to get clean. charmin ultra soft gets you clean without the wasteful wadding. it has comfort cushions you can see that are softer... ...and more absorbent, and you can use up to 4 times less. enjoy the go with charmin. but we've got the get tdigital tools to help. now with xfinity's my account, you can figure things out easily

january 19, 1917, arthur zimmerman, foreign secretary of the german empire, sent a telegram to the germanubmarine warfare. we shall endeavor in spite of this to keep the united states of america neutral in the event of this not succeeding, we make mexico a proposal of alliance. make war together, make peace together, and an understanding that mexico is to reconquer the lost territory in texas, new mexico, and arizona. you will inform the president of the above as soon as the outbreak of war with the united states of america is certain. >> the british admiralty which had cracked the german diplomatic siefr systems, decoded the message within hours. seeking to influence the american government, the british provided the americans a copy of the telegram. on the 28th of february, president wilson released the telegram to the press. the appearance of the news nationwide on march 1st galvanized american support for entry into the war. january 31st, 1917, robert lancing, secretary of state, received a note from the german ambassador to the united states. >> a new situation has been created which

the germans knew that. the germans rarely went on the offensive. we're talking 1916 and so they felt in order to break the stalemate from their side by attacking these forts literally they're going to bleed the french white and so they attack ver done and the french hang on. they suffer significant casualties both in military but also civilians. and it's going on and on for weeks. and this is when the british launch the attack of the battle of the saum over on the other side of france north of paris where 19,000 young british men are killed in one day. so that was the kind of the attack -- eventually it comes to an end in february of 1917 and the germans hold on and she was absolutely correct. it's very interesting to see, in fact, there is a museum that's reopened recently that deals with the whole siege of ver done and you can go in some of the forts in the area and there's a lot to see now that maybe wasn't there when she was serving that i encourage people to go visit if they're going to be in that area. it's not that far from paris that they c

german, yeah., it's okay if you just yell at people. we will understand, you know. >> seth: okay, gotcha. thanks so much for being here, jan. congratulations on your new show. [ cheers and applause ] >> thank you. thanks for having me. >> seth: jan bohmermann, everybody. we'll be right back. [ cheers and applause ] ♪ red line, 20 minute delay. oh, no. (rhythmic clatter) can't get a signal? so annoying, right? yeah, and i'm late for a job interview. hey, man, can you just nix it, just for like two seconds? thank you. you need verizon. they have the largest, most reliable 4g lte network in america. it's made to work in places like this. with verizon unlimited, we could video chat the interview in hd right here. okay. hey, man, i'll cue you. (vo) when it really, really matters, you need the best network and the best unlimited. just $45 per line for four lines. i'm a people person. (drumming resumes) head right to theentic nearest subway. introducing the italian hero footlong. stacked wi

a group of german workingmen came to serenade him. lincoln had put on a melancholy mood and this seemed to console him. it was entertaining those germans with genial and lively conversation. lincoln went to the balcony to find nearly 2000 more of german citizens who had voted for him because they believed him to be the stout champion for freedom. lincoln listened intensively as a man was asked to speak for his country. we, the germans of cincinnati use this opportunity to assure you that our message of sincere heartfelt regard. you earned our vote as the champion of free labor. if two is said you should be in need of man, the german free workingmen will rise as one man to your call ready to risk their lives in their effort to maintain victory already won by slavery. and of quotes. he would soon see the germans delivered on their promise, lincoln understood the challenges immigrants face. he worked the land with his hand for many years. he spent most of his life in the agricultural area. as a lawyer practicing agriculture law he had to

the german delegation refused to sign. return it to germany.he threat of renewed blockade on their food supply or invasion by the allied armies, the germans sent the small delegation back to paris to sign. on june 28, 1919, these new german representatives and all the 27 allied delegations convened in the hall of mirrors at versailles to witness the signing of the treaty. many of our american colleagues witnessed the littering ceremonies with sinking hearts for the future of the world. all of the allied statesman's -- -- statesman left paris. the ailing president came home. found voices like these. a senator from idaho said, it took george washington seven years to gain independence from george the third and now my friends, they want to give it back to george the fifth. and senator hiram johnson added, he is asking us to hand of american destiny over to the secret counsels of europe. it is the duty of senators of this nation to keep america american. a few democratic senators said it was the end of american independence. the league was in morta

lincoln enjoyed the germans and their culture. while visiting cincinnati, the president-elect was in his hotel room one night when outside, a group of german workingman into -- serenading him. he entertained those germans with genial and lively conversation. lincoln went to the balcony to find nearly 2000 more of the substantial german citizens who had voted for him because they believed him to be a stout champion for freedom, free labor. lincoln listened attentively as frederick was asked to speech -- to speak for his countrymen. "we avail ourselves of this opportunity to assure you our has our chief and heartfelt regard. you earned our votes as the champion of free labor and free homesteads. if to this and you should ever be in need of man, the german free workingmen and others will rise as one man at your call, ready to risk their lives in their effort to maintain the victory already won by freedom over slavery," it would soon prove that the germans surely delivered on their promise. lincoln understood the challenges that immig

german chancellor angela merkel has called it appalling. down -- theyining leave the training ground in their own cars after their brush with death. the bus was targeted as they headed to the stadium for the match against monaco. thee explosions destroyed rear part of the vehicle. police are focusing their investigation on two suspects with extreme islamic links. >> explosive devices were equipped with strips of metal. one was drilled into the head rest of one of the sea inside the bus. we are lucky that nothing worse happened. explosive devices were capable of reaching beyond 100 meters. >> prosecutor say they found three copies of a letter near the scene of the bus blast. ,here was a series of demands including the withdrawal of planes over syria and the closing of an airbase. the soccer authorities said it will review security across the champions league tournament. >> we will as the club's two review security measures to guarantee the safety and security of all those involved and also tomorrow for the opening matches. >> are considering

the germans.k of moderation, of tolerance compared to so many m essa 9 es tolerance compared to so many messages coming from hungary or marine le pen orfrom so many people in so many corners. as long as our economy is great and as long as we make money, everything is very democratic. but let's wait and hopefully not see if we have five to ten yea rs hopefully not see if we have five to ten years heavy economic problems and the swamp is a lake, it is a sea and the swamp is a lake, it is a sea and were swallowed again. i swear it to you. i'd don't trust it. it a lwa ys to you. i'd don't trust it. it always makes me... thinking and feeling exactly wait a minute, there is something else. you can lead a happy life but there is something else around you. yeah, it hurts but, on the other hand, because i have had a really happy life. ask my grandchildren. what a nice way to end and we must. thank you for being an harder talk. —— on hardtalk. hi there. it felt pretty chilly at times yesterday, didn't it? e

his words drew wedges between the german people and their autocratic leader.hey lifted the hopes of people among mankind. exhausted, starving, defeated in battle, october 1918, they began to ask for an armistice. the signing of the armistice 1918 was in november the mark of abject surrender. fighting men climbed out of the trenches and fraternize to within the barbed wire of no man's land. ♪ a still greater achievement was the settlements, he secured the bases of peace should be his point. never before in history had there been such a triumph of moral leadership. a few days after the armistice, president wilson let it be known that he proposed to go to paris as the head of the american peace delegation. many of his associates, including myself, advised him not to go. we argued that he would be involved in secret committee meetings where his, the most powerful voice in the world, would be still. we believe that on the white house it could be thunder and lightning to the whole world. but that in paris, he would be trapped in intrigue. our armed services fought f

the german film awards, there has been a big winner. the comedy drama has taken home six and we will have more from the culture desk. i am sarah harmon, thank you for joining us. the united states has issued an urge to action which they says is a nuclear threat from north korea. the euro secretary of state rex tillerson urged the un security council to impose stronger sanctions on the north. he said failure to act against the weapons program could be catastrophic. a special session of the un security council was called to address the rise intentions of north korea. the united states chancellor mating joined south korea and japan. secretary of state rex tillerson wants that the threat of a nuclear attack was real and 70 world could no longer ignore it. >> all options for responding to future provocation must remain on the table. diplomatic and financial levers of power will be backed up by willingness to counteract north korean aggression with military action if necessary. we much prefer a negotiated solution to this problem. we are comm

german exports to turkey have fallen slightly.n businesses are keeping a keen eye on the referendum. some of the companies are saying if it goes through with a yes, at least things will calm down a bit. but if there is a no vote, there will almost certainly be a new referendum along with fresh uncertainty. >> german companies are hoping for stability in turkey, whatever the outcome, and an end to the uncertainty that has weighed on them. >> some corporate news. they reached one further milestone in its turbulent history. the italian carrier's management has made a last-ditch deal to prevent bankruptcy. under a 2 billion euro capitalization agreement, the struggling airline will cut workers wages by 8% and lay off about 1000 employees. creditors forced unions to accept the cost-cutting in return for a bailout. italy's premier urged the workers to approve the deal. previous bailouts by the government to save the airline have already totaled more than 12 billion euros. credit suisse has agreed to reduce onus is for executives by 40%.