former german chancellor helmut kohl has a dive, the architect - - had died, the architect of german reunification. tributes have been pouring in from around the world. germany's chancellor angela merkel said kohl held fast to the dream of a united germany even as others hesitated. tonight we look at the man and his legacy. ♪ >> welcome to the program. we're joined by dw's she correspondent. -- chief correspondent. helmut kohl's passing away has been something the country has been preparing for for a number of months. >> there had even been a couple of temporary scares where people thought this may be the moment. most of the mainstream media, the networks, print magazines have been updating their grasp -- graphs for him, knowing this is going to be coming. it is a very momentous moment indeed. >> we will get into evaluating the moment. let's talk about what the current german chancellor had to say. >> at this moment i'm thinking with great respect and great gratitude about the life and achievements of the german chancellor helmut kohl. thinking of this man who was great in every sens

let us remain german europeans and european germans. then we'll have good prospects for a future in peace and freedom. melinda: alan posner, you said in your opening statement that chancellor kohl squandered -- sorry. you said that chancellor merkel squandered kohl's legacy. she was in fact mentored by helmut kohl. she would not be where she is today if it were not for him. which she subscribed -- would she subscribe to those words we heard from him in regard to the fact that we need to be european germans and german europeans? >> oh, yes, willingly describes anything anyone says, you know. the question is, how has she acted? the fact is the two chancellors since kohl, gerhart schroeder and angela merkel, have both been german nationalists first and europeans second and that's why europe is in the fix it is today. think it's clear for gerhard schroeder, the previous -- the social democratic chancellor, he was an anti-american, anti- moscow ist flirted with and although merkel attacked him, basically her policy within europe has always b

german. as alan was saying, in the 1980's and most of the 1990's, people singing for german action was a sign of fascism. most right-thinking germans would never do it. this generational change, you are allowed to be proud of being german. you are allowed to waive the german flag. that is something that was not possible during his time and that era. coming into germany being a normal country which it wanted to do for a long time. i saw him on a lot of occasions and he always stressed when you go to france in you greet the french flag, you do it twice. in other words, you make france bigger and germany smaller. that was his idea, to make german reunificatition possible. his idea, the way he thought was, we need german reunification. understood that germany would be a giant inside europe and therefore, an economic giant and hele around us -- understood very well that he had to make germany smamaller than t actually was and the way to do it -- >> which was difficult -- >> but he fully understood

that had to be coordinated by germans. the germans were already advising poncho villa, which we all know they weren't. if you think about how that propaganda played into the story that the intelligence services are pitching that nobody believed. it was kind of a collision of multiple elements where, at some point, they presented the zimmerman telegram and the intelligence services are all going, see? we told you. and it wasn't that way. it just ended up being that way. i think you make some great points. i knew i would enjoy that. monique? monique: thank you so much. i am in fact replacing dr. john morrow, who was supposed to be on this panel. john morrow is a great historian. he was the dean of the department of history at the university of georgia in athens and happens to be a very good friend of mine. he was stuck until midnight at the airport in atlanta and didn't have the patience. he went back home. this morning the flights were canceled. so i was just asked on the spot more or less to come here, but john did send me

-german relationship. obviously, several speakers have noticed it is a particularly relevant for us to talk about nato and the of aftermath of nato. if you could talk about where you think things are going and what the challenges will be in these coming months. >> i will do it very briefly. the ambassador to do a much better job than me. i think we may be overreacting a little bit and i think we have distinguish between fundamental issues and boarish behavior on the other hand. i think, in the case of the u.s. german relationship, there's three issues. one is the security defense issue. i see some merit in the american effort to ask the european and the germans in particular to do more. that said, and those of you who follow these issues know that the europeans and the germans have already started to make more commitments, but the wales-nato summits, and warsaw-nato summits. they are spending more. but if the president wants to claim credit for that and push harder, i can understand that. in the long sweep

by germans. in some of the definitions i can clearly see that she is in election campaign and she wants to familiarize citizens with her own thoughts and interpretations of germany. and inspired by the german chancellor as a.b.c. of all things german we decided to come up with our own alphabets of all things merkel and. bring in my friends is not acceptable. i'm going to say thank you thank you for a good week or do you wait and intensify the operation of. the u.k. has been hit by a space of terror attacks over the last few months he's going underground got reaction from a security expert who advised the former british prime minister gordon brown has some of what admiral lord west had to say. i don't think it is the right way of combating it doesn't mean you don't need some policeman with weapons doesn't need you need some sort of surveillance but i think doing that all man says i see what you don't want it means that all of these various terrorists or various persuasions of one if we call that s

it used to be the german/french leadership. now, it is the german leadership. the germans are growing more comfortable being leaders. i think europe is more comfortable. problemed states has no with germany showing more leadership. it is a positive thing. this will trump crisis is a good thing for europe, galvanizing europe, and showing them they need to work together, come together. we need to come together. it is about time. merkel has -- look at what merkel said she. -- merkel said. a transatlantic breakup. is there a breakup in the making? >> no. rieke: no, but i think it is a rather dangerous affair. >> i tend to agree. erik: it is a turbulent time. [laughter] erik: no breakup coming. >> thank you very much. thank you for joining me on "quadriga." to come back next week. bye-bye. ♪ michelle: hello, and welcome to "fokus on europe." i'm michelle henery. spain's largest island, tenerife, isis a touristst mag. for its hot sun, sandy beaches, lush gardens, and for its amusement park show starring trained orcas, commonly known as killer w whales. whilile park o

the germans however have a problem. this is the german chain of command. hitler's at the top. this man would be responsible as general, the head of okw. runstest in the theater has two army groups, army group b and army group g. where most interested in army group b under rommel. this is strategic reserve. they will leave five or six armored divisions in the rear for strategic reserves to respond to different situations. that is the thinking. here is our chain of command. take a look. you have the normandy area where the invasion will actually take place. what is the shortest distance between two points? rightyou have the normandy ther. what is the distance? you have heard of people swimming the english channel. a short distance touring two points -- short distance between two points, where do you think the invasion should take place? ais area, that would be the argument. however the germans have a problem. they constructed this thing that we will call the atlantic wall. it will extend all across france into norway. they have building -- they have been building this thing for

the germans have a problem. this is the german chain of command. heather is at the top. hitler is at the top. and we have the equivalent of general marshall. overall responsible for the american war effort. then we have general rundstedt. he is the theater commander. in that theater he has two army groups, army group b and g. the one we are most interested , under a guy named rommel. he is the one we will be fighting in normandy. geyr is strategic reserve. there are going to lead five or six armored divisions in the rear for strategic reserve to respond to different situations. that is the thinking here. here is the chain of command. you have got the normandy area where the invasion will actually take place. what is the shortest distance between two points? right there, the difference calais, what and is the difference? you have heard of people swimming the english channel. that is usually what they do. shortest distance between two points, where do you think the invasion should take place? the argument would be for the calais area. that would be the argument. it gives y

the germans have a problem. this is the german chain of command. hitler's at the top, we have the marshall. of general overall responsible for the american war ever. rundstedt.e general he is the equivalent of eisenhower. in that theater, he then has two army groups. army group b and g. the one we are most interested in is be, guided by rommel. geyr is strategic reserve. they will have five or six armored divisions in the rear to respond to different situations. that is the thinking. here's the chain of command. if we went back here, take a look here, you have the normandy area where the invasion was actually take place, but what is the shortest distance between two points? right there. the difference between dover and calais? calais, what is the difference? the shortest difference between two points, where should the invasion take place? the argument would be for the calais area. that would be to argument. it gives you more time over the battlefield. that would be to argument. however, it's take a look here. the germans have a problem. they have c

she said helmut kohl was a great german and great european.she said she personally had a lot to thank him for. angela merkel famously was the protÉge underneath helmut kohl when she was a young politician herself. germany's president, the social democrat, said that a chapter of germany's history has now closed with the death of a man who shaped it so decisively. he said german unity will be .ver linked to helmut kohl gerhard schroder, the former social democrat chancellor who fought a very bitter campaign against helmut kohl for the chancellery back in 1998, also paid his respects today to a great patriot and a great his former opponent helmut kohl. this is the tone that is coming out of germany tonight, germans remembering someone who is very important, the father of unity, and also a very important european. tom: thank you very much indeed for that, jessica saltz in berlin. for more now, let's cross to a universityt danube in austria and the founder of the european democracy lab think tank. thank you for speaking to us. would it be an exagge

a hatred of all things german. finds in wagner's music the traits of war, lust, and cunning. jobs owned by german-americans are wrecked. sauerkraut becomes liberty cabbage. in several states, teaching german is banned. president wilson worries that the war spirit may become the mob spirit. 9 months of american participation in the war, 4 whole divisions shipped overseas, more units leaving every week, and no visible impact on the still make of the western front. stalemate on the western front. the public has only received reports of the first american deaths. the spirit of over there is becoming muted. the farewells grow somber. ♪ the material of the homefront is installed in a transit as the nation's railroads further strained by labor shortages and strikes, finally break down. even on the home front, every day is a battle. ♪ war production spotters under a variety of handicaps. competing for materials and manpower or any reasonable substitute, government falters under committees. washington's patriotic madhouse h

beer was part of the german culture. so there were breweries being set up all over the city, all over every city. i think what made heurich competitive and not fail like schnell did was he really was trying to create a more state-of-the-art business or a more sophisticated business. that meant he would go out and form relationships and have bars and restaurants that were his clients, people who he knew were going to take his products. it is something that maybe now we take for granted because at this point, craft brewing in america has become this industry and there are best practices, but he was a businessman coming here starting from scratch, trying to figure out what would help him make it here. and he did succeed. we know that he suffered from periods of exhaustion when he was building up his business and would have to take large amounts of time off and go to europe and take the cold water cure and do these things to sort of revitalize himself because he was working nonstop to build up this business. the biggest chal

do you still german german? >> not anymore. after year in the u.s.a. reported back to the center but am now dreaming in english because i remember that very well. >> let me ask you, who is jack persky? where does your name come from? >> it was stolen. this is how the soviet manufactured false ids. they would look for record of individuals who passed away at a young age. in my case there's a cemetery not too far someplace in maryland to visit gravestones that says jack persky born in 1844, passed away in 1954 i believe. 10 years old and one of the resident agents who worked at the agency found that and got the birth certificate pretending to be the father of the jon voight and it was sent to moscow. except that with me when i came to the united states and used it to build an ide, and identity. >> it wasn't just about building name. the cover and ideas is one scene. the kgb helped to create an entire person behind jack persky. >> sure. according to that birth certificate, i was born in 44 so it made me already in my early 30s and i came here, maybe five

so prominent german-americans in washington, d.c. had a difficult time. the heurichs at a difficult time to the department of justice was investigating them. we have recollections from about theand amelia department of justice coming to the house and looking through every cranny of their house. and won't he be ashamed when he realized that we've done nothing wrong. to get ridup having of chris junior's ham radio, which was in the current of the house, because the department of justice suspected that it might be used for spying. there were articles coming out in "the new york times" accusing heurich of -- he had a dairy farm in maryland. he had a muzzle him matilda, his second wife, at the farm. a reporter went and poked around and then wrote this story saying the mazza liam must be some sort of foundation -- he was constructing against washington ec. even later that same period of time, "the new york times" published a story saying heurich had committed suicide. he at that point got on the phone with the editor and the editor said, i will retract the stor

turkey is allowing german lawmakers to visit german military troops at a naval airbase. germany now has no choice but to pull out its troops. >> when he arrived, he still hoped to convince his turkish host to lift the ban but the effort was in vain. german lawmakers are still barred from visiting troops based in intellect. ask i regret this, by the same token, i ask for understanding that we will have to withdraw our soldiers from insula, from our own -- for our own internal policy reasons. 280 german soldiers and six tornado jets are stationed at the nato airbase. they don't carry out airbase but undertake reconnaissance flights as part of the international coalition fighting the islamic state. germany's opposition parties are critical of turkey's position. >> in the fight against islamic state, erdogan is a reliable partner. sometimes he is fighting the islamists, sometimes he helps them, you don't know where he stands. the german foreign minister -- turkey says the officers were involved in the attempted to last year and is demanding the extradition. >> turkey is unha

industry associations fear disadvantages for german businesses.ent in climate friendly facilities is expensive, money that u.s. rivals may no longer have to spend. and the withdrawal could be bad news for the global economy. the german mechanical engineering association characterized trump as erotic. -- erratic. >> that's the latest from the business desk. now back over to sarah. sarah: in russia a fraud investigation into a top moscow theater is raising some eyebrows. this probe has seen two people arrested and the theater's outspoken director taken in for questioning. supporters say this is all politically motivated. the russian authorities claim those arrested were embezzling millions in art funds. take a look. reporter: courageous, political, provocative. the theater work is always good for a headline. but now the director himself is making headlines. he has been caught up in an investigation into potential fraud. his staff allegedly embezzled state funds. although he is only meant to be a witness, heavily armed special forces arrested him wit

inspired by the german chancellor is a b. c. of all things german we decided to come up with our own alphabet of all things merkel. but is buying among friends is not acceptable. to the people who want to say thank you thank you for a good record deal and intensified libration. qatar's lashed out of fellow gulf states over what it sees as an attempt to limit its sovereignty on foreign policy and i saw today presented doha which they accuse of sponsoring terrorism with a list of demands that countries recently cut diplomatic and trade ties with the shakedown and say the demands must be met if will ations are to be restored well on middle east correspondent paula slayer has more. tom has been presented with a list of demands from saudi arabia the united arab emirates raid and egypt four nations that cut oil trade and diplomatic ties with the country now this came after the u.s. state department questioned the motives of the gulf states move now that it's been more than two weeks since the embargo started we are mystified that the

long word iny german, and i don't speak german, that means battle about turn, and this is what he executesand he executes it using wireless. this is one of the first times in combat that wireless is used to give an order in combat, and battleecute this flawlessly. -- germans after the war they came to newport and were hanging out with us. we don't have independent confirmation of this, and there are scholars that think maybe germans were just being nice, but the germans claim they had studied the stuff the destroyers were doing in newport before the first world war, practicing those fleet tactics, and that was what gave them the idea to practice this battle .urnabout and it had to be rigorously practiced, and they were very good at it. in some small way, the war college helped out admiral shia that day. but he goes on to actually -- i want to move on from talking about jutland, but i will say that again, the two fleets get into it. admiral scheer does another about turn again, and he eventually escapes to the south, crosses behind the grand fleet at night. they cannot see each other. there

which mean states army and german. source sun which is made in germany plus muslims peace stands for part. e.u. and nato along with the german full mushroom hunting this is security for israel but also toy rel way people of a phone up whether people in butlins shadow definition of the country. merkel is set out a list of words that the chancellor believes it to mice is german this so if you know your article of the german constitution from your care to him your order from your valise allayed then your props on the same page as angle of merkel but we came out onto the streets of berlin and right in front of the bundestag to ask people here what words they associate with germany if i say germany to you what are the five words you associate with germany the five. rushed. favorites it's me who did this on time. and. i also think perfect with germany for me to neighbors filmmaking didn't understand mrs merkel the parliament the chancellor rhee the motorway that's also very good in germany still it's leash. pride order punct

ok being german army is ok sport for the handicapped. tough questions are we ready to face that we have lost limbs are welcome as long as. the freedom of the press i am really one thousand percent for that matter what happened. in the nato. trains those are wonderful ultimately this is a list of what angola merkel thinks makes germany great and it comes out three months before there's an election here and which german voters will decide whether they want to keep her as their leader angle or merkel's determined to show that german values a thai did with her own peter all of a girl and inspired by the german chancellor as a.b.c. of all things german we decided to come up with our own alphabet of all things merkel. that is buying among friends is not acceptable. i'm going to say thank you thank you for a good record and intensive elaboration of. stars a fellow gold states over what it sees as an attempt to limit its sovereignty on foreign policy and off they present to doha which they accuse of sponsoring terrorism with a list of demands th

to say this is a german duty and obligation right here.l shows that this is not something to be taken for granted. that is dear,ment and achievement of our american and british friends. , the federal here innt is restricted application of the quad apartheid agreements. they maintain that further developed. the federal government confirmed this today. stands to its obligations, together with our friends to continue to secure and guarantee the viability of the city. [applause] we all feel pain at the thought that the berliners have to celebrate the 750th anniversary in a divided city. and thef barbed wire orders to shoot and kill. in this anniversary year are proving feared humanity. we have not come to terms with this in the past, we will not do so today or tomorrow. [applause] for we know the wall, the wire, the order to shoot to kill are not the answers of history to the german question. against the policy that gave confession andr profession of togetherness in the whole of germany, east and west, for our common historical heritage and th

reporter: the co-author cornelia from german watch joins the in the studio.nk you for joining us. your study news multiple german companies including siemens. they deny abuses of human rights. how do you collect results? >> we collected evidence on our own. we also collected a lot of information from several other nongovernmental organizations who we were contact with. reporter: what you see in south africa? >> a lot of problems, and very often it is land rights that affected people don't get good compensation, or they are just pushed away, sometimes violently. yeah, they cannot live like they lived before. reporter: tell us about the so-called activists? people in local communities trying to resist, what happens to them? >> it is dangerous for them to resist, especially in countries like honduras or columbia. we also noticed people even died when fighting against a dam or power plants. reporter: so they were killed how? >> violent forces and sometimes like in honduras in the case of this river, the dam, this is connected to governmental structures. reporter:

and this is after the german north actually accepted that what ok it in nineteen or four hundred. eight could be ten am i suggesting it so there is an acceptance in winning as on the part of the german government too busy county come to terms with this that's where we are now certainly so the german government knowledge is that there was a genocide this was under the second rife obviously there was still a century and german empire existed but the germans would have argued that they've been paying in a sense a form of operation by giving aid to namibia since independence in one nine hundred ninety so why is that not a valid point to say that they've been giving millions and hundreds hundreds millions of dollars of aid and that should count as reparation. well i think i think we indeed we acknowledge that the media and german in doing the very core deal of the relationship. and about the creation the genocide it can never be equated with. development eight. it is an issue that is fundamental need to be addressed. separately and right now the two governments the two countries today

the german government said no. why not just let erdogan giv this speech, why they turned on his request -- turned down his request? >> they would not have enough policeman to guarantee security around all events. to be honest, the decision was more political than practical. he stressed it was not appropriate given the tensions between turkey and germany. two particular elements, one, the number of people in germany with turkish descent. they do not love the turkish president to talk about the tensions in the country and export this complex to germany-- those conflicts to germany. a few months ago, we already have a debate in germany about turkish officials being allowed or not being able to hold rallies over the british referendum. >> the foreign ministry has decided that in the future we will not allow campaign appearances that only serve to import domestic conflict from other countries into germany. >> german-turkish relations have been strained for months now. could this be merkel wanting to be seen as taking a

of all things german. and some of us intelligence is the best minds get fired after it's revealed they hacked a vending machines to steal snacks we report on how our love of junk food can ruin your career. hello and a very good morning to you from all of us here in moscow i mean aaron and you're watching r.t. international. racial tension in the u.s. has been aggravated again a university professor from connected received death threats after a controversial facebook post in it he calls for an end to white supremacy using an expletive laden version of the hashtag let them die on his post was meant as a comment to a recent shooting of a republican congressman that happened last week the storm of anger was so intense that the college will thora t. is temporarily had to shut down the campus and the professor fled the premises and has since issued a public apology well the latest figures show that hate crime in america is skyrocketing in at least six big u.s. cities this type of crime clocked up a double digit

sarah: german lawmakers have had a busy day.n addition to approving same-sex marriage they also passed a law that will be finding social -- fining social media platforms if they fail to take down fake speech and hate speech. it is illegal in germany and lawmakers want to crack down on it online. the is controversial -- new law is controversial and it could lead to censorship. correspondent: first-hand experience with hate speech in social media. she is a member of parliament representing the green party and has been subjected to chilling threats. >> people insult you. they like to push around women. one person wrote, "i would love to see a video where you are being decapitated." correspondent: the new law states social media like facebook and twitter must delete obviously illegal content within 24 hours. in more, located cases, posts -- complicated cases posts must be deleted within seven days or they can be fined 50 million euros. >> in the last two years, hate crimes have increased by 300%. this msure allows us to end the law

it has taken all these years but we can only say that finally at least the germans have responded we are now basically talking about the same issue that question of genocide and the question of what to do important things on the table fest and apology and have to be i get it up on and be stated loud and clear in that i meet in parliament secondly to agree on this size and scale of of compensation or impartation that i get i'm not going to say much other than to say that that form part of the net negotiations so. obviously i think the as you know. will we have never been treated in the same way they do each beat hundreds of dentists and we're treated but it's at least we're saying. here us this issue will never go away. for the generation to generation we'll continue to raise the issue and it is fun. to do with head on and come to some sort of conclusion. heavy heavy with the most important part about studying history most important part of why history needs to be upfront why we need to look back and reflect and make reparations are good because when he said you know what what was don

. >> former german chancellor helmut kohl has died at the age of 87. he served as chancellor from 1982 to 1998. when east and west germany were reunited and a single country. in 1999, president clinton alerted chesler the us presidential medal of freedom. here is that ceremony, it is one half hour.♪ ♪ [music] [applause] >> secretary cohen, senator, congressman pickett, other members of congress, retired members of congress, president informers of the diplomatic corps. and to our german and american exchange students who are here. welcome to the white house. today is my privilege to confirm america's highest civilian honor. on a great statesman of the 20th century. .> >> that day with a celebrated partnership of variations and leaders to help end the cold war with a victory for freedom. today we honor a partnership dedicated to building the 21st century europe that can preserve the freedom and peace and find genuine unity for the first time. today we honor those leader whose values and vision have made that possible. in 1991 the world is very different

it was american intelligence that tipped off the germans.ince the war on terror is now a global effort, trading intelligence is pivotal to preventing attacks. steinberg claims americans are getting the short end of that stick. what can american intelligence agencies learn from germany authorities? should we be taking any lessons from the german authorities? guido: i don't think there's any lesson that the americans can learn from germany, they can probably learn from the brits, who i think have the most professional intelligence services worldwide. they might learn from the french, even though they're unreliable, but i think german security authorities have nothing to offer to the united states. scott: is it an unfair relationship? are the americans providing vast amounts of intelligence that is keeping germany safe, but the germans are not able to provide the same for america? guido: yes, the relationship between the united states and absolutely unfair. scott: very one-sided? guido: it's one-sided. it should have changed after germany becam