germany believed they would on oh them and take a territory.dy manualed that when the armies met it would lead to a stalemate and bloodshed of previously unknown scales. there is a sense of foreboding, knowledge that this welcome a confrontation. just in the first weeks. the armies were equipped with effective defensive weapons but not highly effective offensive weapons. things like barb ed wire, the repeater rifle, machine gun are good for holding a position but not necessarily useful for breaking through. each side attempted to find new offensive weapons in order to counter the very strong defensive positions that were opposite them. these included things like poison gas, the flame thrower, the tank. putting guns on airplanes. all of which were aimed ata trying to get over the trencheses in some wayment. we have tried to highlight war techniques so we have a map of what it was like to be in the interior of a tank. this tank required six men and they were in cramped conditions. there were skis set up. they had to learn to fire on skisment one

germany declared war. and then there's sort of a e's o cascading effect which then nce france stepped in in support of russia, and then when germany invaded france by way of belg belgium, britain declared war in order to defend belgian belgia neutrality. we focused on the western front. for practical reasons. chos that's where the strength of the holdings of the university of wisconsin are. so a lot of material on germany's role, as well as what was happening in belgium and france. so we wanted to bring these sources to the fore.oor and really sort of focus on jus the western combat experience. okay. so these first cases here in tht collection focus on the outbreak of the war in different d countries. so here is what we're calling germany mobilizes for war. and within the case, you can see different images of -- here for example, crowds assembled in in berlin, to receive news that net germany was declaring war on russia. and right here, the kaiser is greeting a crowd from the royal palace. anladce the kais

germany believed they would on oh them and take a territory.t when the armies met it would lead to a stalemate and bloodshed of previously unknown scales. there is a sense of foreboding, knowledge that this welcome a confrontation. just in the first weeks. the armies were equipped with effective defensive weapons but not highly effective offensive weapons. things like barb ed wire, the repeater rifle, machine gun are good for holding a position but not necessarily useful for breaking through. each side attempted to find new offensive weapons in order to counter the very strong defensive positions that were opposite them. these included things like poison gas, the flame thrower, the tank. putting guns on airplanes. all of which were aimed ata trying to get over the trencheses in some wayment. we have tried to highlight war techniques so we have a map of what it was like to be in the interior of a tank. this tank required six men and they were in cramped conditions. there were skis set up. they had to learn to fire on skisment one of the biggest

politics in the eastern past germany are still more fibril than the politics in the western part of germany because there's a difference in development. so the fact that alternative for germany, this new party which strikes an anti-euro but also is ike the pop lift and maybe anti-immigration tone, they did well in elections for three state parliaments all in eastern germany. but i don't think that, that yet signals that they have a nationwide appeal. and it's not quite clear what connection, if any, there is to pegida. one of the leaders of this new alternative for germany went to the demonstration this past monday but he didn't take part in the walk through dresden. clearly, people are sort of feeling is there a new political movement here? but i honestly think the jury is out and i take to the point they're not talking about a vast majority of people. it's obviously, though, a debate that has touched a nerve. and if it's touched this much of a nerve and political is blishment here in berlin wondering how do we address this, then something is left unspoken or untreated in this society. >>

. >> here in germany, angela merkel is elected head of the christian kratz. >> right-wing groups in germany are joining thousands in weekly protests and facing counter protests. >> welcome to the show. around the world, this tuesday, embassies and bases were on heightened alert preparing for possibly violent reactions from a report put out by the u.s. senate intelligence committee. >> this was the first report which lays out how the cia has used tortures and 2001 and lied to congress about it and stop >> the white house says it is time to come clean, but some in washington are unrepentant about torture and think this will jeopardize the safety of americans and their allies around the world. >> we begin this report with a warning that it contains images some viewers may find disturbing. >> this is what it looks like. >> over 600-2000 pages, the report he tales the cia's mistreatment of detainees will stop its far more extreme than previously revealed and mostly did not work. the conclusions have taken months to come to light. >> there may never be a right time to release this report. the ins

we want freedom for east germany and its people. we want today's announcement to turn out to be the real thing. we want the berlin wall torn down. and all other barriers to the free flow of people removed. and we hope that east germany's communist cleat will read the handwriting on the wall and cooperate in the transition to a new form of government as some of their recent comments suggest. but we should not do anything at this point which might needlessly add fuel to the fire. the issues of the long-term future of east and west germany and central europe are critical issues issues which will be affected by what happens these next days and weeks. issues that we must think about now. but they are not issues for heated rhetoric right now. clearly, german history is at a critical crossroads, profound changes may lie ahead. but us for the moment address first thing's first. the first thing is seeing that east german people achieve their immediate aspirations. will newly opened borders remain open, even if the tide of departing germans t

in germany he was called wilhelm with a german family. a split character which is he earned their undying hate because he took away from their beloved father's kingdom rather a large piece which they never so they hated germany and bismark. then they married, the king of eng gland, edward vii.váz÷ they influenced very, very strongly. husbands and sons in due course. there is a strong feeling in both the russian family and the english family that really theyy ostracized willie a lot of the time. they snub him. they don't like him. this does play into the whole story..q-Ñ one of the things that happened is that when alexandr who is on the left when her husband became edward vii. the very first thing they did was to organize a trip to france. unconstitutional act he committed in his reign because he was, of course, a constitutional monarch whereas the others were autocrats. he told no one he was going. frederick, his query wrote an interesting memoir. said no one knew where he was going. he was going to have a trip, a nice happy trip around

germany's dax rallied.s the atlantic, the dow jones industrials currently well in positive territory. on currency markets, the euro losing ground again, currently trading for one u.s. dollar $.22. the last car rolled off the assembly line this morning. >> it is closing its plant after 50 years, around 3000 jobs are expected to be lost as a result. >> opal was once a model of success in the region. built on a side of a former mine, the factory was a sign that times were changing for germany. the dying coal industry was about to be replaced by car manufacturers. it gave thousands of people their work and revive the fortunes of the entire region. the models may there, such as the opel cadet, became known throughout the world. from 1962, some 14 million models rolled off the assembly line. but then demand dropped, and opel started to go out of fashion. a petition grew as prices went down. -- competition grew as prices went down. opel factories in the u.k., poland, were performing better than [indiscernible] car

so at 1900 hours, germany declares war on russia.writes in his diary, whether we will be dragged into it, god only knows. at this moment, the public is dead against it. dead against our joining in the war. but we cannot allow france to be smashed. to me that's terribly interesting. this is three days before it settled that we are going to war. britain is still dead against it. obviously the machine gets going. the newspapers and whatever are going and within two days, the public's mood is changing. that is really how powerful the monarchy can be actually and also the press. and so what do the king and queen do? they choose their russian carriage to go out into the crowds and the streets and out of buckingham palace and around. what do they find? they find streets and streets of cheering people. the whole mood completely turned around. we were forced to go inhz balcony three times he writes that evening. and then the statement of the house of parliament, britain could not allow german tow pass through the english channel nor so there

, east and west, becoming one germany? >> in my dreams, yes. unified g, east and west, becoming one germany? >> in my dreams, yes. being a politician and standing with both my feet on the earth, i don't see no possibility for a united germany in the foreseeable future, in the present circumstances. not only because of -- of any old-fashioned policy because the realities are not such to permit the unification. there are two states integrated into military alliances, guaranteeing stable balance of power and on the other hand, i don't know whether -- if we have to ask our people and see indications whether they would like to become a -- federal republic or remain a sovereign state member of the united states. i think the overwhelming majority will be against. so at present, there are no conditions for united germany. >> would you be willing to put it to a vote in your country? >> that's question which of course will come up, but it's up to now, it's a speculative question. >> might there be a unified berlin before a unified g

not interested in a germany leaning eastward. and you're going to support us in making sure that the unified germany is a member of the north atlantic treaty organization. he said, i will. both leaders lived up to it and got it done. >> one of the things that we were really worried about in this whole thing was gorbachev promised cole reunification. because it would have been tempting. they never really did promise. i don't think cole would have done it anyway because he had a scheme for reunification. he explained it to the president, the president said, go for it. >> you both made the point that although you could not predict the moment, you could see the process. again, the gorbachev meeting made it pretty clear to the world. did you have any nightmare moments in the run-up to this that you could see something going terribly wrong, something that could not only undermine the reunification process but endanger world security? >> i remember one incident in which the soviet foreign minister who, by the way, was leaning probably f

some 100,000 refugees in germany have this status. most have no passport. irene says hers was stolen as she fled from kenya. she has been staying in refugee hostels for the past five years and lives in constant fear of being sent back. >> i don't know if even next year i will still be here. >> refugees who are only tolerated or not allowed to work or take part in integration courses. she receives 300 euros from the state, mostly in the form of vouchers. >> i'm a normal person, and it rather be treated like a normal person. >> her greatest wish for herself and her daughter is to lead a normal life in germany. >> germany's cabinet has approved a new plan to cut co2 emissions in order to meet its ambitious climate targets. >> environmental groups have criticized the government for not going even further in reducing its reliance on coal fire power plants. >> these environmental activists in berlin are calling on the government to do more to reduce its reliance on coal-fired power plants. at present, coal and counts for about a third of germany's co2 emissions.

november heating oil prices in germany were 10% beneath their level he year ago. prices have also been falling at the pump. since they are paying less for fuel, consumers have had more money in their pockets. the positive effect of lower oil prices spread through many areas of the economy. in the chemical industry, for example, production costs have nosedived. that has positive effects on growth. researchers at munich's if oh institute have revised their estimates of 4 -- researchers at munich's ifo institute have revised their estimates upward. exporters are also feeling the benefits. this year, the euro shed about 10% of its value against the u.s. dollar, meaning german-made products can be sold more cheaply on international markets. >> let's find out how those inflation figures influenced investors on thursday with our correspondent in frankfurt. >> here at the stock market, the low inflation rate is seen as a clear signal to the ecb to take action and start to buy bonds at the beginning of next year. investors hope that these measures will give a boost to shar

www.dw.de study in germany, the first board of call for anyone interested in studying in germany. >> welcome back. sony pictures' disputed comedy "the interview" started playing at 300 independent cinemas across the u.s. >> it's also available on some streaming sites, like google play and youtube movies. >> sony originally scrapped its plans to release the film after being the target of a major cyber attack blamed on north korea. >>decision. just the right christmas gift for some people. >> carols and warm cider kept moviegoers in l.a. entertained while they waited in long lines to see the movie. critics have largely dismissed "the interview," but for many here is not about the film itself. >> this is a film i probably would not have come to see but because of the controversy i thought i would come out tonight and stand up for freedom of speech. >> i am here because i wanted to support filmmakers who were being censored i a foreign body -- by a foreign body because i don't believe anybody should have the right to censor a work, whether it is satirical or not. >> the film stars seth r

new title, germany overall. same tender german people smacked us with their world war i against serbia. russia. france. belgium. italy. britain. and the united states of america. it took all of us to do it. but we finally knocked that furor out. defeated the german armies. second chapter ended. we marched straight into germany and said, why these people are okay. it was just that kaiser we had to get rid of. you know, this is really some country. when it comes to culture, they lead the whole world. we bit. we poured in our sympathy. we pulled out our armies. and they flung chapter three in our faces. furor number three, slogan number three, today, germany is ours. tomorrow, the whole world. and the tender repentant sorry german people carried the torch of their culture to austria, czechoslavkia, poland, france, england, norway, holland, denmark, belgium, luxembourg, russia, yugoslavia, greece and the united states of america. over the shattered homes, over the broken bodies of millions of people that let down th

that's the two germanys. the plus four were the occupying powers. but for me, three of the four didn't want jer nan un-- german unification, and i was afraid that if we put the four together we would be siding -- i believe it was margaret thatcher who said i like germany so much i think there ought to be two of them. >> that's right. >> so there were some risks in there, but jim said we need to go ahead and it was worked. >> margaret thatcher's national security advisor tells a story about having gone to a meeting between cole and thatcher and after they came out that thatcher turned to him and said, "charles, he's just so german." >> let's talk for a moment about someone who is so german in i think the very best sense of the word. the one who represented the west of the two, chancellor kohl. how would you evaluate his role in the run-up to the moment of and the aftermath of the fall of the wall? >> if chancellor kohl and president bush hadn't been on exactly the same wavelength, german unification would never have happened. those two individuals mo

government intercepted the message of mexico to germany.n you explain how that occurred and what sort of led to that impetus? >> that's the zimmerman telegram, and it was intercepted by the british and deciphers and made available to the americans as a way of influencing us to give us further reason, and by that time reasons were stacking up pretty heavily, but further reasons to go to war against the germans. so that was actually a german naval intelligence operation under blinker hall's people who did that. ma'am? >> hi. espionage activity fed into the paranoia of the american people. how much did they know. i know, for instance, you weren't supposed to say sauerkraut. you said liberty cabbage. >> my@#ñright. and i believe at the time german shepherds became al seichens. >> and german measles became something. >> really? that i didn't know. yeah. so the american public was -- once we actually entered the war excessively aware of german spies. i say excessively because there were very, very few, but the public and the u.s. government spent

in a germany leaningestward. you're going to support us in making sure that the unified germany is a member of the north atlantic treaty organization. he said i will. both leaders lived up to it and done. >> one of the things that we about in y worried was gorbechev g reunification. get out of there. because it would have been tempting. they never really did promise. have t think cole would because he had a scheme for reunification. explained it to the president, the president said go for it. >> you made the point that -- both made the point that although you couldn't see the you could see the process. the fact that it was made clear world, did you have any nightmare moments in the run-up that you could see something going terribly wrong, omething that could not only undermind the reunification process but endanger world security? i remember one incident in which the soviet foreign the way, was by forward for bly peace and cooperation with the west than gorbechev, even. remember one session, it may have been in g

germany had an "economic miracle."were investing abroad and also demanding more and more foreign imports. the new situation looked like this. there was now an excess of dollars supplied in relation to the demand for dollars at the official exchange rate. we had a dollar glut and, in fact a series of dollar crises. possibly, some solution might have been worked out under the general terms of the bretton woods agreement but it would have likely been too painful domestically to apply, particularly when another much simpler path beckoned us, a path that had the advantage -- some would say disadvantage -- of being recommended by many highly respected economists. let the exchange rate be determined by supply and demand, let it fluctuate, let it float! why not? why not, indeed? for 40 years the dollar was dominant as it floated against each of the european currencies. the llar would rise and fall vis-a-vis foreign currcies based on respective growth rates, inflation, interest rates,and investment opportunities. then, an histo

and it's dramatic happening for east germany and of course for freedom. >> is this the end of the iron curtain, sir? >> well, i don't think any single convenient is the end of what you might call the iron curtain. but clearly, this is a long way from the -- from the harsh days of the -- the harshest iron curtain daydays, a long way fro that. >> [ inaudible ] >> well, i think you have to say what you mean by warsaw pact. if -- it seems to me that it's certainly a loosening up in terms of travel. it's -- concurs with the helsinki final act and it is a very good development. our objective is europe, whole and free. gorbachev talks about a common home. is it a step toward that? probably so. >> [ inaudible ] >> no indication of that germans going through federal republic of germany. >> what's the danger here, just fwhaud secretary baker commented [ inaudible ] a danger here that things are accelerating too quickly? >> well, i wouldn't want to say this kind of development makes things move too quickly at all, the kind of development we long kind of encouraged by our strong support for the he

we will stay in germany with the next story.onservatives in bavaria cause aid stir by suggesting immigrants should have to speak german in public and home. they backed off of that idea somewhat saying more should be done to encourage immigrants to speak german in public. more now on a broader debate. >> it provoked a storm of comment. many people are up in arms. >> of course you should learn the language of the country that you live in. that is my opinion. at home it does not matter. you can speak your own language. >> do they want to put video cameras in people's living rooms? it is just bavarian nonsense. >> there was criticism from the sister party, the christian democrats. eventually they bowed to the pressure and altered the text of the proposal. >> we agreed the last sentence be clarified. people should be motivated to speak german in daily life encompassing all kinds of situations. >> the move may be too little, too late. they kick started the debate and drawn much criticism. they are being mocked and ridiculed for their

but it's very different here in germany -- especially how they deal with children's rights. >> germanycurrently rejects close to 40 percent of asylum applications. and al-mustafa's could be one of them. that's because eu law states that refugees must seek asylum in the eu country in which they were first registered. and, for him, that's bulgaria. shaikh tajuddin serves the tea. families are allotted the biggest rooms in the hostel. imad al-mustafa's family was torn apart when they fled syria. he only found his wife, mary, two months later. >> at home we heard that the germans are very friendly and have sympathy for war refugees. >> al-mustafa says they're still waiting to be reunited with two of their children, who have been located in a refugee camp in turkey. they envision what their future might look like in germany. but they'll only be allowed to work if and when they're granted asylum. shaikh tajuddin had his own business in pakistan. he tells us he can't stand sitting around with nothing to do. >> i am very useful myself. i am good for the community, good for the people and i hav

it turns east germany into a pressure cooker. there's a theory of life under dictatorship that helps explain while. according to theory if you live under a dictatorship you basically have three choices how to conduct your life. loyalty, exit, or voice. and what that means is either you can just be loyal and just put up with and it not complain, and stay quiet. which had happened during long periods in east german history. or you can exit. you can try to flee, and so when the border opened, between hungary and astoria, suddenly exit became an option. then when the east german regime sealed off east germany, exit was withdrawn and loyalty seemed no longer tolerable so the only remaining option was voice or protest. and so there starts to be massive protests, particularly in the southern part of east germany, region historically nope at saxony, because people have been trying to get to czechoslovakia and hungary and get stuck there. so people who have given up everything, put everything -- taken everything they can in two okays take

the french also planned to invade germany and russia planned to invade germany, as well. that was the very essence of the franco russian war plan was a simultaneous invasion of germany from two directions. it was because of this, of course, that the germans had their own plans, which were to try to circumvent this with a lightning blow against france. as far as the military alliances, in many ways the far closer and more decisive alliance in all of this was the franco russian alliance which is why again when colonel house on behalf of the wilson administration visited europe in may 1914 he said precisely that. that as soon as england consents, france and russia will close in upon germany. and that is, in fact, what did happen in 1914. england consented and france and russia closed in upon germany. germany simultaneously lost the invasion of france by way of belgium which was slower than the french invasion of germany. >> two or three minutes left. we'll try to get in jimmy who's been waiting in rome, georgia. go ahead, jimmy. >> well, marvin kind of asked the question i w

germany's dax ended the trading session down .2% at 9851. euro stoxx 50 following suit, even bigger losses here. down 1.75%. across the atlantic, the dow currently flat at 17,911. the euro is currently trading at $one point 2368 -- $1.2368. matteo vince he can breathe a sigh of relief. he has one parliament three support to push ahead with labor market reforms aimed at pulling his country out of recession. >> deputies backed the so-called jobs act, but the reforms are highly controversial. many italians believe they will only bring more hardship. >> it's a gray day in the italian capital, rome, one that matches the mood across the country. traders at this markets a business is slow and that they do not believe the government's reforms will improve their situation. >> absolutely not. it's another revolving gunman trying to fill state coffers to stay in europe and make themselves look good. they are killing us like all the other said. >> -- like all the others did. >> i don't have any conflict with them. in this type of government, i have no c

the french also planned to invade germany and russia planned to invade germany, as well. that was the very essence of the franco russian war plan was a simultaneous invasion of germany from two directions. it was because of this, of course, that the germans had their own plans, which were to try to circumvent this with a lightning blow against france. as far as the military alliances, in many ways the far closer and more decisive alliance in all of this was the franco russian alliance which is why again when colonel house on behalf of the wilson administration visited europe in may 1914 he said precisely that. that as soon as england consents, france and russia will close in upon germany. and that is, in fact, what did happen in 1914. england consented and france and russia closed in upon germany. germany simultaneously lost the invasion of france by way of belgium which was slower than the french invasion of germany. >> two or three minutes left. we'll try to get in jimmy who's been waiting in rome, georgia. go ahead, jimmy. >> well, marvin kind of asked the question i w

germany no longer needs deserttech.re is an overcapacity of renewable energy on the energy market right now in germany. >> discussing going green. paul, thank you very much. there has been another shakeup in the energy sector. vladimir putin says that a gas line to europe is going to be scrapped. he said the pipeline can not proceed as long as bulgaria blocks it. >> he made a visit to turkey after talks with the president. he said that he would consider cooperating with turkey. >> the european council new president has spoken with obama. both leaders urged russia to pull back from the ukraine. this was after taking over the helm of the 28-nation bloc. >> he replaces the retiring belgian politician. at the ceremony, the new council leader warns of difficult times ahead, politically and economically. >> let's take a look. >> a changing of the guards in brussels. the first european council president and his successor, the first eastern european to hold the post. >> you are a little nervous about this and the change of boss

that's the two germanys. the plus four were the occupying powers. but for me, three of the four didn't want german -- evaluate his role in the run up to the moment of in the aftermath of the -- >> if chancellor kohl and president bush hadn't been on exactly the same wavelength, german unification would never have happened. those two individuals more than anybody else made it happen because we had the reluctance of france and the uk and certainly the soviet union. chancellor kohl came to camp david in february of 1990. i think that's right. >> that's right. >> and we had a sort of a come to jesus session up there where he said i really want your help in unification and we said fine, we're all for it, but we want to know from you that you're not interested in a neutral germany in the heart of europe and you're not interested in a germany that's going to lean eastward and that you will support us in making sure that the unified germany is a member of the north atlantic treaty organization. he said i will. that bargain was struck there. both leaders liv

especially in germany. most of them come here with the hope of a better life. >> once in germany, they face entrenched poverty and poor housing as our reporter found out. making ends meet is not easy, even for athletes that want to pursue their chosen sport. welcome united is not your average german soccer team. its players are from all over the world. all of them applying for asylum here in germany. he coaches the men on a volunteer basis and knows that any of his men could be deported without warning. it could be my best player, he says. he might come here for training and suddenly he's gone. and i have no idea where to. >> several of the former members were forced to return to their home countries after germany denied them asylum. those that remain are determined to make the most of it. next year, they want to compete in germany's bottom league. easier said than done. in germany, they need to get the right paperwork to play in league matches. that requires proof that they are eligible to play professiona

germany was denied victory and had germany over europe france was spared occupation britain maintained its foothold on the continent. without the marne, places such as verdon and others would not resonate with us as they do. without the marne, no lenin, no stalin, no hitler. ladies and gentlemen, i present to you today dr. holger herwig who will speak to us about the battle of the marne 1914, 100e >> well thank you so much you spared me about one-third of my talk, which i'm most grateful for. thank you. the story that i tell in this begins with a lieutenant albert myer of the 5th mount boden regiment on 1914 before war was even declared between france and germany led a patrol on the southern ridge southeast in the mountains where 1,972 years earlier julius caesar had advanced against a german force under ariel vistas. suddenly french guards of the 44th infantry regiment appeared. myer charged with be striking the first frenchman over the. the remaining french soldiers took cover in a ditch opened fire. myer tumbled from the saddle dead. and in this unexpected encounter, the 22-year-old

have problems with snowden, especially with germany. turns out that the of chancellor ot merkel talking -- that is not, those kind of things really do more of to understand each other and why we are doing this. you cannot just call and say, hey, we want to invade here, will you help us? you have to build groundwork and you have to show what we are going to do, how we are going to do it. i am not sure that we are spending enough time doing it. >> i would agree with that, but we are talking to them about sanctions. so far, that has worked a little bit. we could i wish continue this incredible dialogue. time is finite. we have all been privileged to not only listen to the man who were witnesses to a most period in world history, but who helps the president of the united states ship that history for the better. thank you both very much. >> thank you. [applause] [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2014] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit

you say this movement could have 25% support in germany. what is driving it? >> the driving sentiment is against europe. it is against islam, against the muslims. a lot of people believe in this fearful some a lot of people share what we call islam a phobia. we have right wing extreme -- extremist groups that do a good job of organizing. and then we have a third group, citizens who think democracy does not solve the problems of today. for them, is very easy for them to go on the streets. they call it a walk. it is easy for them to go on the streets and express sentiments against europe, against islam, against a macro cecum and the media. >> 25% of the population you are saying. german justice minister said there are limits in the debate in the battle over ideas. should the government shut down the debate for an idea that is attracting so much interest? >> no, the problem is, the government has to deliver answers. we live in a democracy. we have to appeal to the democratic solutions. which means the government has to do something to fight for democratic ideas.

. >> here in germany, another controversial march against what protesters are calling the islamization of the country. >> and airbus delivers its first eight 350 -- a-350 jetliner. collect in tunisia, the leader of the secular tunis party a subsea has one the first free presidential election. official results gave him just over 55% of the vote. >> he is no stranger to tunisian politics. he served as the speaker of parliament as well as foreign and interior minister. >> he campaigned on a pledge us to believe for the north african country. >> it is official, asepsi will be the new leader of tunisia. on election night, he addressed jubilant supporters in tunis. clicks this is the beginning of our future. we hope tonight this nation. i figure b two are men, women, and girls. we thank them for their trust. >> he leads the tunis party and campaigned on an anti-islamist platform and promise to restore the procedure of the state. -- the prestige of the state. his defeated opponent, interim president, has now offered his congratulations. during the campaign, he warned essebsi might return tuni

germany was denied victory and had germany over europe, france was spared occupation, britain maintained its foothold on the continent. without the marne, places such as verdon, and others would not resonate with us as they do. without the marne, no lenin, no stalin, no hitler. ladies and gentlemen, i present to you today dr. holger herwig who will speak to us about the battle of the marne 1914, 10 >> well thank you so much, you spared me about one-third of my talk, which i'm most grateful for. thank you. the story that i tell in this begins with a lieutenant albert myer of the 5th mount boden regiment on 1914 before war was even declared between france and germany led a patrol on the southern ridge southeast in the mountains where 1,972 years earlier julius caesar had advanced against a german force under ariel vistas. suddenly french guards of the 44th infantry regiment appeared. myer charged with be striking the first frenchman over the. the remaining french soldiers took cover in a ditch, opened fire. myer tumbled from the saddle dead. and in this unexpected encounter, the 22-year-ol

germany was denied vikt skpree had germany over europe. france was spared occupation and britain maintained the food hold. the sum would not resonate with us as they do. without them, no lenin, no stalin, no hitler. ladies and gentlemen, i present to you today doctor hog ger her wig who will speak to us about the battle of the marme 1914100 years later. >> you spared me about a 30 of my talk which i am most grateful for. >> first of all, that's a required purchase. they will get to that. i often do talk. this is what i have here. i don't believe it's for this actually. the story that i tell in this begins with a lieutenant albert meyer of the fifth who sml august 1914 before war had been declared between france and germany led a patrol along the southern ridge southeast of bellfort. julius caesar advanced against a german force under ariel vistas. suddenly french guards appeared. he charged and struck the first frenchman over the head with his broad sword and another drove it into the chest of a second and another shot a third. the remaini

if you look at germany, for example, germany has is taking half of the number of people of resettlementin the whole world is going to germany. in addition they have given hundreds of millions of dollars to humanitarian efforts and countries can do both and should do both. >> thank you so much for speaking to us and shedding some light there the head of refugees rights live from london. >>> let's take a look at the countries taking people and those that are not. bernard smith is near the turkey-syria border. we have been saying turkey has been bearing the brunt of this refugees crisis. how has it been coping? and can it take in anymore? >> reporter: well, 1.7 million refugees from syria are in turkey. but only 260,000 of them in official refugees camps. the rest of them are essentially fending for themselves, they are staying with relatives, or they will be looking after their ona come days and for them, being, life is challenging. when this conflict in syria first started and refugees first started coming over the border to turkey, they were allowed to work, they were given work permits

as pegita gathered in dresden, 12,000 people gathered in munich for a tolerant and open germany.here have been much smallerpegita -- much smaller rallies and other cities, but also counter demonstrations. in dresden, about 4500 people took to the streets with a message that asylum-seekers are welcome. there were some heated exchanges and some scuffles broke out. >> it is inhumane. i think they are nazis, just in another form. >> most people in dresden are tolerant and we welcome asylum seekers and refugees. >> the mood was calm her at the church of the holy cross. this service was also help -- held in opposition to the protesters and their christmas carols. it's the >> -- >> lawmakers increased have again failed to elect a new president. >> in the second of three possible boats, he fell -- of three possible votes, demas fell just short. the country may have to hold a snap general election. time for a round up of business news. the u.s. has seen a massive resurgence in growth. the economy grew at a yearly rate of five are sent. -- of 5%. the increase was due to strong consumer spe