side, henry ward beecher and gerrit smith. and they were was the billy graham of his era. kansas,ran guns to her's bibles. he was running guns to kansas and now he is preaching and his rebels,mercy for the forgiveness, and pardon. the other guy is garrett smith. he provided some of the funding for a guy named john brown. he is one of the financiers. it turns out there is a whole group of them that argued for mercy. many of the abolitionists efforts to improve society, such as the battle to end capital punishment, which was more successful than than it is today. beecher's of the death penalty tosted for only two reasons, refund the prisoner and the turn to crime. he said hanging never reforms anyone. take a step of moderation in the direction of humanity because it will be understood to the advantage of free governments all over the world. that example, that example of america, an example for republican governance that factored into his thinking. european powers and writers were flooding the state department with loads and loads of letters come -- letters, saying, do not ki