it's also the place of the gettysburg address. telle come here, unlikeit's noo you about 1863 more than you already know. let me start with abraham lincoln. addresshas anyone ever aged asn five years? abraham lincoln gets up and one of the things he does is he is sitting there. and he starts talking about southhampton county. he asks his audience and new yorkers what induced the southhampton direction 28 years many as threeas times as many lives were lost. back to 1831, not 1832, the year gettysburg college was founded. it's not lincoln who is president, it is jackson. that guy. economics. i want to set this economically. when we look at the civil war, many more historians know railr. 18:30 -- 1830. here is a map of railroad construction in the united states by decade. 18:30 there is nothing. there are three dots. there are two dots in pennsylvania. shows how advanced pennsylvania is. there are no railroads. we want to remember there is a good deal more isolation. thewhat they do have a sense is coming as cotton revolution. there

as the battle in gettysburg. vicious stop across the field. because there is not support yet , stafford shows up and he does not have support on his right. jones comes up and around, he will get shot in the head, he will survive, he will get killed in the following spring. all these discombobulated attacks prevent the confederates from getting out there and taking it to the federals. it doesn't really matter. what johnson has done is tied up 32,000 men. these are six to one odds. johnson is swinging. as a result, that prevents warren from assaulting, it prevents sykes from assaulting, and meade find his entire element of surprise gone. i can just imagine meade, who has a calm, cool demeanor, one of the month -- one of the most temperate man in the army. the exasperation he felt he has , a great plan. he had the jump on robert e lee. through no fault of his own, his subordinates have not been able to execute. we have mentioned division versus the corps. it was jones division versus tauren wells corporate we have s

gettysburg, as you know, is a it is also a place of the gettysburg address. this is a place where history has happened. people come here, unlike southhampton county. we do not have a woodstock for nat turner. civil war woodstock, this is awesome. we don't have that. i guess we do, it is like when be in can green that she and ken greenberg can get together for drink. how do i get you guys back there? it is not like i'm going to tell you about 1863 more than you already know. let me start with this. abraham lincoln. it is not his gettysburg address but his cooper union address. one of the most important speech he makes. candidate,n he is a that picture of him from matthew brady's is taken the same way as the cooper's union address. in anyone ever aged as much five years? one of the things he does as he is sitting there, and in this address he starts talking about southampton county. he asks his audience of new yorkers, what induced the southampton insurrection? 28 years ago? three times as many lives were lost as at harpers ferry. what happened? why is he askin

not turner did not happen in gettysburg in 1860 -- nat turner did not happen in gettysburg in 1863. how do i get you back to 1831? you know, is a central battle, a place of the most important battle that happened in american history. it is also the place of the gettysburg address. this is a place where history has happened, so people come here, unlike southampton county, where history happened but people don't come. we don't have a woodstock for nat turner. i love this, civil war woodstock. this is awesome. we don't have that. well, i guess we do, it is like when me and ken greenberg get together for drinks. it is not the same. how do i get you guys back there? aboutt going to tell you 1863 more than you already know. abrahamtart with this, lincoln. it is his cooper union addressing 1860, 1 of the most important speeches he makes. and this is when he is a candidate. that picture from matthew brady is taken the same day as the cooper union address. has anyone ever raged as much in five years? i don't know -- has anyone ever aged as much in five years? i don't know. in this address, h

so, what is there to see about the gettysburg address. [laughter] and, go for it. >> what one thing, it's not entirely new. i say it was inspired by a winnable book called fortune and priors by michael max baron. no print of mind. but little noted aspect of it is that this wasn't just about americans and poor americans. the whole world was watching us. and they can is mindful of this. it is reflected here and there. shall not perish. from the earth. shall not perish from the earth. this is the biblical big republican world if it falls apart and fails, this going to send a lesson to the world. we do send a liz to england which has begun parliamentary reform but working on still to not have the right to vote. there will be an argument on the side of the site give to them because of what happened in america. will be a lesson to france, which has a napoleonic restoration in which also habsburg print on the throne of mexico. cellophane of a republican experiment is being watched, not just bias. >> right, off of reforms that the due 40s, that f

next is the gettysburg address 1863. next is the new colossus which is written for the pedestal of the statue of liberty and i. the two. the poems are in 1883 and the next is the panel to that one is the fireside chat on democracy in 1940 in the last as i said is tear down this wall speech berlin in 1987. >> 13 out of 13. [applause] so we aren't going to talk about 1519 in jamestown but we are going to talk about something that i will be honest with you i have never even h heard of befo. you helped teach me about it flushing remonstrance. what the heck is that? >> this is when new york is still a dutch colony and it is being governed by a man who turns out to be peter stivers. live down on 16th street and third avenue near stuyvesant park and i have a statue of him. he captures the man's personality. he looks vigorous and it looks energetic and he had a wooden leg. it looks like you would want to cross this guy. he is very much wants to be in charge of everything. although -- >> nor -- new yorkers tend to be like that. >

gettysburg is a union victory and thus i would argue that antietam is as well. were opportunities for both armies to do things differently, as there always are, but george mcclellan had achieved his goal of keeping lee's army away from the federal capital, ending lee's invasion of maryland annalee was unable to achieve his objectives. despite mcclellan achieving his goals, it was not enough for him to earn himself long-term job security. after the battle, abraham lincoln met with george mcclellan, was here on this very farm. ultimately mcclellan was not long for command and was relieved quite simple he because he and abraham lincoln had divergent views of the war itself. they did not share the same principles, the same agreement ,n why the war was being fought and a president and his commanding general need to be on the same page when it comes to that. lincoln favored a more aggressive war against the confederacy and mcclellan, a moderate, wanted things to say the way they had been before the war. the thing that made it impossible for these two men to continue w

speaker, i rise today to remember president lincoln eag famous remarks in gettysburg, 1 56 years ago today. in the gettysburg address, president lingoning expressed some of the most important merican values in just 272 words. at the time president lincoln said, the world will little note nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. over the past 150 years the world still remembers the service of those who fought in gettysburg, including my great grandfather. we continue to remember and to cherish what president lincoln said there and we remain resolved that the government of the people, by the people, and for the people shall not perish from the earth. it is my privilege to represent gettysburg, pennsylvania, in the united states house of representatives. and to highlight our region's significant role in american history. thank you. and i yield back. the speaker pro tempore: for what purpose does the gentleman from pennsylvania seek recognition? mr. thompson: mr. speaker, request unanimous consent to address the house for one minute. revise and exte

next is the gettysburg address, 1863. next is the new colossus which is written for the pedestal of the statue of liberty, and i pair the two. the poem has to be seen along with the statue, but the poem was written in 1883. the next is the cross of gold speech, 1896. the penultimate one is the fireside chat on the arse that would of democracy, 1940. and the last, as i said, is the tear down this wall speech, berlin, 1987. >> that was well done. 13 out of 13 -- [laughter] [applause] so we're not going to talk about 1619 and jamestown, but we are going to talk about something that, i'll be honest with you, i had never even heard of before. you have to teach me about it, the flushing remonstrance. what the heck is that? >> well, this is when new york is still new netherland. it's still a dutch colony, and it is being governed by a man who turns out to be the last governor, peter stuyvesant. i live down 16th street and third avenue near stuyvesant park, and they have this splendid statue of peter stuyvesant. and it really cap

gettysburg college professor timothy shan on on colonial era diplomacy. >> they had to get together and conduct diplomacy with native american peoples. and the customs and language and metaphors that govern that were not european in origin, they were native american in origin. >> on real america, at 10:00, the film "distant drummer" bridge from no place narcotics and marijuana problem and to treat it. >> narcotics and amphetamines, barbituates at every social and economic level, and tragic aftermath fills hospitals and prisons and rehabilitation facilities across the conduct. caroline frazier about life and work of the "little house on the prairie" author laura i think ingals wilder. >> when mary almost died, laura was forced into this role she had never condemn plated for herself which was to become a teacher. >> at 8:00 on the presidency, we continue our look at the work of pulitzer prize winning cartoonist with cartoons from presidents bush to obama, and who acquired his collection. every weekend on c-span 3. the house of representatives is seeking grand jury materials from the muell

he continues to serve as a park ranger at gettysburg military park. he received his bachelor of arts from youngstown state university where he studied instrumental music education, particularly in the french horn. i understand that pretty much means learning how to play on the up beat for anything that sousa has composed. laughter] he solicits all of the news and notes for the emerging civil war newsletter. that certainly is a tasking, thankless job. as much as we love to write about history, we do not like to write and email a whole lot in response. sorry for not providing anything for the july newsletter. dan is a great guy. welcomer pleasure to him here to the stage. dan welsh. [applause] >> good afternoon everyone. when we think about civil war charleston, we think about the hotbed of the secessionist movement. we think about the earliest or about wagoner and the assault of the 54th massachusetts. since zell washington was not available today we are going to be talking about an aspect of civil war charleston that his -- that has been forgotten, th

[applause] and as lincoln said at gettysburg, it is

he has been looking for a job since gettysburg. what happens to him? he goes over to the eastern the menhe reports back, were calling back to headquarters, he is told to organize union loyalists. he will be commanding volunteer companies. there is another general looking for another assignment, quincy gilmore, recently released of duty from the army with regiment butler. he is on his way to d.c.. they give him command of the 19th army corps. then you have horatio wright. reinforce theo city. literally, reaching for the stars. this point?n one of these men is an invalid, he can defend washington, and baltimore. you have elements of the u.s. treasury department guard. you can see the washington monument in the background, which is a pretty cool image. you have elements of the general reserve corps. it will see some pretty heavy action during the battle. -- they will see some pretty heavy action during the battle. you can say the officer there is missing his arm. there are going to be elements as well unattached, there will be a couple of regiments organi

if you were to travel east of gettysburg, or maybe 1.5 hours on route 30 to the town of lancaster, pennsylvania, i'm sure some of you are familiar with lancaster. in 1744, lancaster was just this tiny little frontier community that was really on the edge of settlement in pennsylvania. but in june of 1744, a group of 250 iroquois lancaster andd in , andcarrying arms, bows arrows in tomahawks. this would cause panic among the folks that would live in this tiny frontier town. this was the quaker colony of pennsylvania. there was not even a militia to collect in fear of an attack of the iroquois. they were not there to make war, they were there for a treaty conference. they were called by the governor of pennsylvania. they marched through town, their leader singing a song of greeting to the people of lancaster. when they got to the edge of town, they encamped. they built a camp and stayed in lancaster for about the next 2.5 weeks negotiating not only with the colony of pennsylvania, but also with delegations from the colonies of maryland and virginia, as well. this became known as the treaty of lan

this is part of the gettysburg college civil war institute summer conference. peter: i'm peter carmichael, a member of the history department at gettysburg college and director of the civil war institute. it is my pleasure to introduce patrick breen, an associate professor in history in history and classics at providence college. he is the father

i mean, certainly many of these men and gettysburg is a perfect example. trying to recross the patomic and all kinds of confusion, many encamped slaves either escaped, many detached from masters and end up in prisons, some of them do end up in union numbers, i don't know exactly the numbers, as far as they are recruited for intelligence service or espionage, i haven't come across any examples. that might have been possible. good question. i think you need a microphone. >> you were talking initially about the fondness between the supposed -- >> yeah, yeah. >> between the black slaves and masters and i think it's, you know, it's probably a situation like somebody being very fond of their dog or their favorite dog, rather than a friendship in human terms. >> i think you actually make an interesting compelling point, in fact, i'm just going to go back to initial image of -- of silas. i came in contact with -- with silas' great granddaughter about 10 years ago and we've maintained a relationship since and she's aware of this image and that's how she sees it, to

even though he was the right man at gettysburg.re is no one alive today that owned a slave back then. we never went through what south africa did. where people actually confronted head on the reality of the history of this era. debating about statues and mascots and team names and all that. >> there is an installation right here. i went to times square with the very impressive -- i recommended the statue of the man on horseback. in richmond, virginia. of all the confederate generals. >> it will be moved to richmond. >> here is another question. i think we do have time. if the u.s. government was actively pursuing expansion of the country and people and resources to territories west of the mississippi, did this reconstruction -- >> it is true that a lot of investment money might go in to help rebuild the south in mining and lumbering and other railroad construction. in the it is not nearly as wild as some aspect of reconstruction there should've been a marshall plan. if you really wanted to boost up the south, black and white. you k

and going to places like gettysburg or walk in the halls of the building.ou see and feel the history. you realize you are a small part in a moment of a great institution that has survived tremendous things. some great stories and great drama we can talk about. he has always survived and protected our country. what i remember seeing is everybody working hard to further the court's role. there was a civility and collegiality, where you could have our disagreements intellectually, but everyone knew we were there to do the work of the court. to this day, i was at a dinner recently, and there was a hundred years with the supreme court law clerks. there were people going back to the 1950's at the dinner. there is a sense of, you're part of something bigger and you had these friends for your life. host: we will return to history. you talked about the court and years of particular strife, and what others was during the roosevelt administration, when a frustrated roosevelt decided he was going to expand the size of the court. what are the interesting stories from th

gettysburg address.the battle of fredericksburg one color sergeant was wounded, handed the flag overo another colored sergeant who was wounded who took it to another officer who could wrap it around himself as he died when he was grievously wounded. these symbols go very deep and part of our cultural inheritance. finally, when we teach history to be truthful about her history yes we have national sins but it's not all this country is about. we should not be teaching her history as a tale of unrelieved oppression and woe but the glorious story of a free people living in a blessed land. i will just leave you with one last quote and then i will conclude in this is a quote i really think captures how deep these cultural attachments are and how we all even if we don't realize it even if we want to look away from it we all feel this about our country given by a scholar named john thorton kirkland who went on to be the president of harvard and he said in the 1798 speech we have learned to love our country because it is our country. because we are near it and in it and have an opportunity be

apparently he has a tradition of taking his clerks to gettysburg every year. let's watch. [video clip] >> in these jobs, a lot of negativity comes in. that's the lesson i learned, that somehow, you keep it together and you say, look, i know i am experienced. i've seen how the sausage is made. all we have left is the ideal of what the perfectibility of this great republic. that's basically the reason. plus, it is kind of fun. >> you can contemplate how our country could have gone in a different direction. if lee had one, that would have been a problem. [laughter] probably more of a problem for me than you. host: we see his sense of humor. he is talking about how people watching the sausage being made can be jaded about it and how it's important to the about the ideals. what did you learn about being inside the court that you did not realize before by studying? elizabeth: it's an extraordinary institution. the cases are difficult and they can be controversial. there is no way to report on them without taking a topline in some respects. i do think what you experience and cert

serving through gettysburg and then captured and sent down to a prison down in georgia. i guess the question is you didn't bring it up here in this speech, but how does that intertwine with your knowledge of atwater, the one who recorded all the lists for the confederates and took that list, thought he was getting smart when it belonged to him and he winds up in prison in new york state, dishonorable discharge. for a good part of her life she had to restore his credibility, and she did it successfully. i think of said enough, but i just want to--- >> no, thank you, thank you, and it's a great point, but for the nature of time here in getting the full scope of her life and the missing soldier's office, there are fascinating figures that come into and out of her life in doran's atwater is probably one of the most interesting. captured shortly after gettysburg, ends up in the andersonville prison, tasked by the confederate overseers of the camp with taking a register of all the deaths that take place at the camp. ultimately he is going to be keeping this list for the confed

james long street, major general could not get a statue at gettysburg until recently. why?not because of bad generalship, butau because after the civil wr he supported black rights. he'd joined the republicaner pay we don't want to have a statue of him even though he was the right hand man that gettysburg, so i think there needs to be a reckoning. are not saying we should punish anyone, i mean, there's no one alive today who owned a slave back then, but we never went through what south africa dead, truth and reconciliation commission where people actually confronted head-on the reality of o the history of this era, so debating about statues and mascots and team names and all of that would be salutary, i think the. >> there is installation by wiley right here in the city, a new monuments. >> oh, i just saw that today. i went to times square with a very impressive-- i recommend 47th street, times square, the young black guy on horseback which is sort of a commentary on all of those statues in richmond virginia on monument avenue, all of the confederate generals. >> eventually

and going to places like gettysburg or walk in the halls of the building.ou see and feel the history. you realize you are a small part in a moment of a great institution that has survived tremendous things. some great stories and great drama we can talk about. he has always survived and protected our country. what i remember seeing is everybody working hard to further the court's role. there was a civility and collegiality, where you could have our disagreements intellectually, but everyone knew we were there to do the work of the court. to this day, i was at a dinner recently, and there was a hundred years with the supreme court law clerks. there were people going back to the 1950's at the dinner. there is a sense of, you're part of something bigger and you had these friends for your life. host: we will return to history. you talked about the court and years of particular strife, and what others was during the roosevelt administration, when a frustrated roosevelt decided he was going to expand the size of the court. what are the interesting stories from th

tonight on lectures in history, a gettysburg professor teaches a class on colonial ties between europeanettlers and the air quality confederacy. here is a preview. >> when europeans came to colonial america and met with onive americans, it happened native american terms. in order to ensure a good trade, to ensure peace, they had to get together and contact -- conduct diplomacy and the protocol and customs and language that governed the diplomacy or not european. they were native american in origin, a testimony to the amount of power that the people had, that europeans had to learn to conduct business on their terms, to do it by their methods for itself franklin, when he publishes the treaty of lancaster, send something like 200 copies off to london because he thinks they might sell there. he thinks the people there i be interested in learning about this and learning about native american people to this context of diplomacy. announcer: learn more about the ties between the native american confederacy and european settlers tonight at 8:00 on lectures in history. joined the classroom here o

multiple men died exiting the flag to the battle of gettysburg, lincoln gave the gettysburg address andthe battle of fredericksburg, one sergeant was wounded and handed the flag over to the sergeant who was wounded, who took it to another officer who they could wrap around himself as he died. that was when he was profusely wounded. who the symbols are very deep. they are part of our culture. our cultural inheritance. and finally be teacher history, we are to be truthful about our history, yes we have national sense but that is not all that this country is about. we should not be teaching our history as a tale of unrelieved oppression and well. but the glorious story of the free people who leaving in a blessed land. i will just leave you with one last quote. and then i will conclude in is the quote i really say captures just how deep these culturally taxes are and how we all even if we don't realize it, in florida look away from it, we all feel this about her country and is given by a scholar named john thorton. it went on to be the president of harvard. and he said in the 1798 speech, w

we flank the tennessee volunteers and the north once again wins the battle of gettysburg.fast. remember, the south still has two infantry divisions, plus superman and godzilla. n-n-n-no, orcs are magic; superman is vulnerable to magic. not to mention you already lost godzilla to the illinois cavalry and hulk. why don't you just have robert e. lee charge the line with shiva and ganesh? you guys ready to order? hang on, honey. shiva and ganesh, the hindu gods, against the entire union army? and orcs. i'll be back. koothrappali: excuse me. ganesh is the remover of obstacles and shiva is the destroyer. when the smoke clears, abraham lincoln will be speaking hindi and drinking mint juleps. all right, my boss says you have to either order or leave and never come back. what do you recommend for someone who worked up a man-sized appetite

gettysburg college professor timothy shannon on colonial era diplomacy. >> they had to get together and conduct diplomacy with native american peoples and the customs and language and metaphors that governed that diplomacy were not european in origin. they were native american in origin. >> and at 10:00 on reel america, the 1969 fill am, the distant drummer, on the narcotics and marijuana problem and the efforts to study and treat it. >> narcotics and their relatives, amphetamines and barbiturates rip apart the family life at every social and economic level. a tragic aftermath fills hospitals, prisons and rehabilitation centers across the country. >> pulitzer prize winner for biography, caroline frazier on the life and work on the little house on the prairie author laura ingalls wilder. >> when mary fell ill and nooeay died and became blind, laura was forced into this role that she had never contemplated for herself which was to become a teacher. >> and at 8:00 on the presidency, we continue our look at the work of pulitzer prize-winning cartoonist pat oliphant with cartoons from presid

the president lincoln and gettysburg, john could be brief.e's lives. in all of his great accomplishments, from opening up and changing the va, transforming a country and listening to a voice others would not, there are some small things that still live on. like the birthday song. [laughter] fittingly, you may know last sunday was john's 70th birthday. i would like to end with you joining with me in singing to john his birthday song. ♪ this is your birthday song ♪ ♪ i know your portrait and your legacy will last generations. [applause] >> the honorable democratic leader of the u.s. senate. >> when your chairman of the rules committee in the senate as i was in 2012, you have the response body of planning the presidential inauguration and all the associated festivities including the congressional luncheon. in honor but also a laborious task. without naming any names, there's particular preferences about where they like to sit, when they like to speak and how exactly they would like their food prepared. when i asked speaker lane what i wanted to

like president lincoln at gettysburg. john could be brief, but make a big impact on people's lives.f john's great accomplishments, funding, opening and changing the v.a., transforming a country and listening to a voice others would not, there are some small things that still live on, like the boehner birthday song. [laughter] fittingly, you may know that last sunday was his 70th birthday. i would like to end with you joining with me in singing to john his birthday song, the boehner way. >> ♪ this is your birthday song, it does not last too long. ♪ hey! ♪ i know that your portrait and i know that your legacy will last generations. [applause] ladies and gentlemen, the honorable charles e. schumer, democratic leader of the united states senate. >> when you are chairman of the rules committee, as i was in 2012, you plan the presidential inauguration and associated festivities, including the congressional luncheon, an honor but a laborious task. without naming any names, several dignitaries had preferences about where they liked to sit, when they would like to speak and how, exactly, the

borisjohnson wants a majority in parliament to gettysburg cyst deal through and then every other partyin their interest as well. can be done by the end of january? in theory, yes if there is a majority for the deal in parliament but then when there will be more negotiations after that. why are you walking backwards? doesn't everybody do this? what is the best thing about election cast? it is so easy to find. how are political parties targeting people online? tweets, instagram, whatsapp groups, screen grabs of tweets on instagram, you name it and you get targeted ads which means you may see something others do not. what is (bleep) posting? this? and how do i register to vote? easy. this. you have until november 26, earlierfor to vote? easy. this. you have until november 26, earlier for postal votes. what is the most overused phrase in politics right now? for the birds. who is that? this is our producer. hello! bad mood today. what is the weirdest app on your phone right now? i have a link on my home screen to a copy of the brick cyst deal for —— brexit deal for ease of use. what is your

[a and as lincoln said at gettysburg, it is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this perhaps no justice in the history of the supreme court has been more associated with the word liberty than justice kennedy. called thet -- it is tie goes to freedom, justice kennedy on liberty. -- in 554 supreme court countless speeches, he thelessly returns to importance of civic education for equal liberty for all. the importance of individual liberty and speech and preserving civil dialogue and debate, and the importance of equal dignity and freedom. 's first theme is civic education for all because he is always and everywhere, a teacher. it aims with reese witherspoon's commencement address and legally blind. i watched it on youtube and it is a fine speech. reese witherspoon concludes that with no offense to aristotle, passion is a key ingredient for law and life. extraordinary experience. we had a tour of the civil war gallery. when he came to the declaration of independence, he emphasized that jefferson saw civic education a moral duty. the pursuit oft happiness -- jefferson was not thi

he is the co-author of the last road north, a guide through the gettysburg campaign, 1863.

[applause] at a recent program in gettysburg pennsylvania, christie recounted the 1859 murder of francis scott key's son philip barton at the hands of congressman daniel. here he talks about the newspaper industry at the time and how it was covered. >> the concept of news we learn the price of cotton and copper and other commodities. business intelligence was expensive. what ship is leaving and going, nothing exciting. and you have political newspapers financed by parties to promote a candidate. then you have the entrance of the penny press starting with the new york sun where we don't want to talk about politics. let's talk about animal stories, tragedies, and true crime. the human interest stories that made money by selling advertising which they didn't have to rely on a particular business party or businessman for the cost. the length of the broadsheet, the number of newspapers that could be printed at any given day you could get a story like this out on the street hours after it happened and that's what we have over the country. the reports were shockingly detailed. you have people t

he will take part in the gettysburg campaign, and by 1864, he was helping as commander in western virginia. mccausland graduated from virginia military institute in 1857. the following year he graduated from the university of virginia, then returns to vmi, where he taught. he witnesses john brown's hanging. he will be at for donaldson in the civil war, and in the new market campaign, he will take command after jenkins is killed. mccausland is often remember for his role in the burning of chambersburg, pennsylvania. later in 1864. now, what happens with the union cavalry raid? they will threaten railroads and tie up confederate troops and want to destroy vital supplies. this is almost a microcosm of grant's strategy, happening on a very small scale. they will be targeting places like saltville, where salt is produced, where lead is mined, and the and tennessee railroad, that vital link. it starts off on may 2, george crook leaves and takes the second infantry division with him. he sends averill to a separate starting location. crook will have a skirmish at calligan station, and averill will

with the inlic school district northeast iowa, previously dan programsducation coordinate for the gettysburg he alsoon, and continues to serve as a seasonal park ranger. bachelor of his arts from youngstown state university where he studied instrumental music education, particularly in the french horn, which i understand is pretty much learning how to play on the sousa for anything that has composed. dan provides a valuable service service -- he solicits all the news and notes for the merging war newsletter, and it's certainly a tasking, thankless job for as much as we love to write about history, we don't write an e-mail a whole lot in response, sorry for not the july anything for newsletter. theas great guy, member of emergency war organization. it's my pleasure to welcome him here to the stage. welch, ladies and gentlemen. [applause] >> well good afternoon, everyone. we think about civil war charleston, we think earliest or first secession cension. wagoner about battery and the assault of the 54th massachusetts. since denzell washington wasn't available today to give you a presentation we

vietnamese basically set an operational level trap, an ambush, what they want was like lincoln out of gettysburg, he didn't want to just push them out, he wanted to destroy them and that is exactly how the north vietnamese felt, they didn't want to just push this out the enemies out of life they want to destroy them. they didn't succeed because of, basically a large part was the air power to keep them back off the south the enemies but it was a major defeat for the south vietnamese, including the north korean emmys had a gradually recovered from their losses and law it had a couple of very important events law. i think this is what puts us on the backstreet and the war, this is what been shapes this, a couple of things happened been, first president nixon and kissinger lose faith and doctor abrams and the u.s. military because of the sluggish reaction to this operation and allows mean, probably more important based on that the bureau gathered and trying to projector an action for the next campaign and they decided that the south eateries with all this law support cannot do better with going into

and likeke that address in the gettysburg address but they don't use the word i they and with god and with a broad terms about the world. that's what those are so successful. to introduce each the one that touched you personally was about jfk. >> yes. some of you may be close to my age but when i was in the sixth grade my teacher asked us to watch the inaugural address - - in school was closed that day he gave it januh 1961 he is not a great speechwriter actually not a gifted speech giver and had many coaches and people would criticize him because he spoke too quickly and then you just see a flop of hair. but in this particular case with the intellectual blood bank and then it was considered inappropriate not to write your own inaugural address. so he was very sensitive to that after writing his book profiles in courage he was determined. so it was a speech from adlai stevenson so three days before the inauguration kennedy comes back from palm beach that this time correspondent covering the white house he is called back into the cabin by president-elect and say what do you think that

on paper the battle that unfolded that day paled in every way to the civil war and see them in gettysburg but fights had receded from common memory. like iwo jima, it was a one day assault on the outer defenses in the caribbean with a few hundred deaths. the spanish defenses were formidable but the landscape and not compare with the imposing escarpment union soldiers scaled at the battle of lookout mountain in 1863 or army rangers climbed on d-day and the battle of san juan heights remains one of the most important, celebrated, and contested engagements in american history. numbers and photography tell us little how the soldiers from roosevelt to the greenest volunteer private felt in their bones, what they were about to undertake. for many, it was their first experience in combat and for most, their last. they were right to be afraid. by the end of the they one of every 6 of them were dead or wounded but there was something else, something collective and energizing and in a way much more daunting than the prospect of being shot by a spanish bullet. they would declare to the world the uni