we've also done work and, again, gina livermore's been doing this, using social security, a survey wedid for social security of their beneficiary population. and we found in that survey, and this was from, i believe, 2005 or -- yeah, 2005, that 50% of all ssdi and ssi recipients combined, working-age recipients, lived in households whose incomes were below the poverty line. and now if we just look to ssi, it's 70%. ssdi only, those just on ssdi, it's more like 30%. but that's a very high poverty rate relative to the overall population. there's also been a body of research that's not on this slide about the hardships that people with disabilities who live in impoverished households experience. they experience hardships such as not going out, going without food, not being able to get medicine they need much more frequently than people without disabilities who live in poverty, you know, with the same level of income. so i think going back i think this is enough of a reason to consider disability policy broadly and whether or not it needs restructuring. but the thing that's really rising

and these numbers are from a paper that gina livermore and i did that was published last year, where the money that the federal government spends to support the working age population with disabilities. i won't go into -- i don't have time to look at the details but the bottom line for fiscal year 2008 which was the last year we had complete data for it, $357 billion, and that was growth after inflation adjusted of 30.6% and we did the exercise or fiscal year 2002 as well, so just over a six-year period. the total amounts to 12% of all federal outlays in that year. the ssdi medicare pieces only a little over 5%. so along with those programs we have medicaid and we have ssi of course and we have veterans benefits, of which is a large and growing number but they're also lots of other little programs that contribute to these totals. so, i think the fiscal issue and the overall issue with the federal budget is going to drive attention to these programs because they represent such a large share when you look at them together of all the federal outlays, and it will be very difficult to pur