that was the first time that soviet leader mikhail gorbachev officially declared that the soviet government was to blame. he offered his condolences and gave me a folder of documents containing a lists executed polish officers and asked them to the next day i went to cotton. and paid tribute to the memory of those who were killed but. now it was necessary to find the secret graves of the prisoners. the trial led investigators to the town of a stash gulf where one of the concentration camps used to be. there was still a few surviving witnesses to help the team and it was proved once again that in april nine hundred forty the poles were taken away by railroad. and nobody sort of a life again what is carefree of shareholder shover series were brought here to this railway junction. there were put into boxcars. and taken away in this direction my trains. much later we found out. that they had been taken to the city one of. the train journey to kalinin took twenty four hours in one hundred forty the communist official michelle kalinin was among other high ranking officials indorsing the execution

archives for most of the documents among top secret in one hundred ninety eight president mikhail gorbachev will do this full of containing reports on the counting executions to be removed from the archives and handed over to. the most valuable document is a memo sent to stalin by. the people's commissars of internal affairs in april nine hundred forty. eight stalin the polish prisoners are trying to continue their counterrevolutionary it is in the camps each of them is only looking for an opportunity to join this struggle against the soviet government then the us asar feels it's necessary it's applied to them as special procedure execution by a firing squad signed beriah people's commissar of internal affairs of the u.s.s.r. if. that was the first time that soviet leader mikhail gorbachev officially declared that the soviet government was to blame and he offered his condolences and gave me a folder of documents containing a lists executed polish officers and asked them to the next day i went to khartoum. and paid tribute to the memory of those who were killed. now it was necessary to find

boarded from his office because gorbachev was a bow. through these three meetings. in the late ninety's early early years all these decades he boarded there or three tarion drowned in russian forty decks i don't think it was his fault i think that it was just a basic societal change that he had before. said that what will usually sets the transfer russia in the early ninety's it was the trend towards democratization. in this decade it was the transfer was. centralization whatever you call it and. almost spearhead that these set of trance while the zero year is. certainly a prominent figure a politician and there's a lot of speculation there in the media and many analysts to this point say that this is part of a political struggle struggle for power between medvedev and putin and usually associated with. putin so what do you what do you make of this statement i'm not sure the. power struggle has anything to do with it i mean at the top echelons of power because i'm pretty sure there are these three placement was agreed with mr putin. in

when the soviets did withdraw, gorbachev did it, i think if we had gone in there and spent a tenth as afghanistan, it never would have been an opening for al qaeda to go in so i hope we'll get out of afghanistan as soon as is possible and maybe work with a moderate members of a taliban and there are many of them and try to have some accommodations with them. >> larry: all right. back with president carter after this. when you're trading a stock, every penny counts. i hate when the trade is done and you find out you paid more than the quote price. i want it at the price i expect... or better. td ameritrade's unique trading platform uses multiple market centers to help you find the best possible price. i like those odds. i know they can't flat out promise a better price, but they're always looking for it. they know what matters to me. every online stock trade is always $9.99. not a penny more. and no maintenance fees. who else does that? are you ready to declare your independence? td ameritrade. independence is the spirit that drives america's most successful investors. announcer: trade

they stayed there about eight years until gorbachev decided to bring them out and in that time i gaveery possible support i could in a clandestine or secret ways. in fact, all the weapons gave them soviet weapons that we got from egypt and from saudi arabia and from pakistan. we didn't use american weapons. and eventually the freedom fighters prevailed. when the soviets did withdraw, gorbachev did it, i think if we had gone in there and spent a tenth as much as we're spending now on weapons and fighting and rebuilt afghanistan it never would have been an opening for al qaeda to go in so i hope we'll get out of afghanistan as soon as is possible and maybe work with a moderate members of a taliban and there are many of them and try to have some accommodations with them. >> larry: all right. back with president carter after this. [ drums playing ] [ male announcer ] 306 horsepower. race-inspired paddle shifters and f sport-tuned suspension. all available on the new 2011 lexus is. it isn't real performance, unless it's wielded with precision. see your lexus dealer. unless it's wielded wit

they were fixated on mikhail gorbachev, feeling he had betrayed them and laslet east germany down. about most of the east german motor pool was confined to the dust as well. 20 years ago, brand new trucks and thousands of othegerman mile selling for a few hundred marks. imilitary models of this vehicle or selling for about 800 marks and they had hardly been driven, but nobody wanted them. east germans were only too happy to get their hands on some western wheels. other military vehicles were sold to the highest bidder, but that was not very lucrative, with most going for less than their value. sometimes old or damage to machines went to private donors foretoken prices. symbols of their communist past or simply painted out. -- were simply pointed out. heavier hardware that only had a military purpose such as tanks or self propelled artillery were held and inventoried at factories or barracks. the valuable components were taken out and used elsewhere. the weapon systems were dismantled. furnishings and components were removed. hundreds of workers at east german factories used welding

all you meet mr gorbachev here and here in moscow. like do you really need the support of politicians to keep going is it just inspirational maybe some so some of the kind of support the some sort of satisfaction when you when you do get the support of someone like ex-president novel who we've seen recently his his group or one of one of his. plays is being performed by a divider who's on our program who were with us twenty years ago so how do we still want the titles. he's the one of the patrons of the tour we also have support from. his minutes to foreign affairs in france and recently we had a letter a very positive letter from mr lover of the russian foreign minister of russia what we're going to show the the godfather of perestroika didn't i tell him no no i have no i never met him i did meet him in one thousand nine hundred nine. at the time or it was a problem and i had contacts. with the eduard shevardnadze. foreign minister the former foreign foreign minister who promised for. twenty rocket carriers to take on the tour like h

get rid of some of his backroom staff yesterday he was in the russian capital to write the razor gorbachev institute using his football skills to good effect and the opportunity to tell reporters why he wanted to coach his national side one small. you know i want to go back because i want revenge that's for sure but i'm very thankful to the players because we've reached a very good fifth place at the world cup we failed when germany crossed our way but no murder was done a great job at the world cup hopefully the great work will continue even further you get to continue with. remain the number one fifth of the urgent time a national. cycling has been rocked by another drug scandal three time tour de france champion alberto contador has tested positive for a banned stimulant and has been suspended from the sport contador has admitted a small amount of clenbuterol was found in his system after one of the stages of this year's tour de france it's a stimulant that boosts the flow of option in the bloodstream and the spaniard went on to win the yellow jersey for a third time he's now been suspe

macau gorbachev says he gradually lost credibility over time though he believes he made a strong start in the possession he will do in the first years of schools term as mayor and those were the most critical years when industry collapsed in the situation in the cities across russia was terrible he did a lot for moscow here exercise firm control over moscow's resources in distributed them in the right way he supported all people women children and war veterans in those years i myself used to say that moscow was lucky to have such a mayor as good as your real a school of time past and law school started to change these he had a billionaire wife by his side the authorities began to look more attentively at private activities questions arose whether the mayor had room to wall to tackle problems a lot of things have now come to light it turned out that funds allocated for the reconstruction and expansion of my school streets are roots were invested in some enterprises from which someone received a huge profit sanctions in recent years have been far from good they've discredited his past ac

, gorbachev is going to be tough. he won't be as tough as jeff warner was tough. he negotiated contracts with the toughest, meanest heads of the production studios in hollywood. that's where he learned so much about himself. it was because he was a union president in hollywood that he thought he could be governor of california. it was the real seminal thing in his life. >> peggy, your last book "patriotic grace" was another great read. it strikes me as this time we're in right now, there's utter lack of grace, gracefulness, graciousness. is there any way to get that back? have we reached the point of no return when all the attention and the money is being loud and ungraceful? >> you know, i was out in omaha this week and we got talking about this a little bit at a lunch. it seems to me the american people have a bit of real power here. no matter who it is, what side you're on, what party you back, what politician you love, when they get out of line and they are rude or they lower the standards of debate or they're vul

gorbachev, tear down this wall -- that is part of the bigger speech. and yet, in some way he's staged his entire campaign on one line, he said that he paid for the microphone. one can seconds and change someone from bush to reagan. you never know. i lost in 1974 and 1976, and then i helped organize national campaigns and was involved with many presidential campaigns in my career. you can understand that is the business. you don't know which days going to be someone with a video camera or cellphones that captures you looking foolish. adlai stevenson waiting to get a haircut with a hole in his shoe, and a photographer takes that picture, and it becomes symbolic of an absent minded professor at as opposed to general eisenhower, at the confident military commander. another moment where carter was out in the fish pond at his farm and a rabbit jump in the water, and he understood rural life, he understood that may be .apibid it's trying to get on to the vote, he knows that it could be diseased, and he tries to push it away with an oar. the ap photographer on

-russian, the nuclear relationship, and as soon as he found a partner in mikhail gorbachev, that he felt he could work with, as you found out, he negotiated in 1987, the treaty covering immediate range nuclear forces, they were ended. he was the first president that didn't just negotiate strategic arms limit akseation, but they was first president that created the start process, strategic arms reductions. that is another irony or paradox, where in the -- we live with today, because so many of these republicans in the u.s. senate who have questioned the treaty and could possibly vote against it are people, if you ask them, gee, are you a raining anite, do you storr pizz -- a reaganite, they would enthusiastically say yes. one of the interesting situations that we're in today, is i don't think there is a single nuclear arms treaty that has ever been ratified, arms reduction treaty or limitation treaty that that has ever been ratified under a democratic presidency. the first a.b.m. treaty and the first agreement putting limits on offensive nuclear forces was rat find during the knickson adm

gorbachev, tear down this wall -- that is part of the bigger speech. and yet, in some way he's staged his entire campaign on one line, he said that he paid for the microphone. one can seconds and change someone from bush to reagan. you never know. i lost in 1974 and 1976, and then i helped organize national campaigns and was involved with many presidential campaigns in my career. you can understand that is the business. you don't know which days going to be someone with a video camera or cellphones that captures you looking foolish. adlai stevenson waiting to get a haircut with a hole in his shoe, and a photographer takes that picture, and it becomes symbolic of an absent minded professor at as opposed to general eisenhower, at the confident military commander. another moment where carter was out in the fish pond at his farm and a rabbit jump in the water, and he understood rural life, he understood that may be .apibid it's trying to get on to the vote, he knows that it could be diseased, and he tries to push it away with an oar. the ap photographer on

to go to the national portrait gallery in the city and watch a film of ronald reagan challenging gorbachevr down not wall -- teardown that wall. [applause] what did we think we were challenging for? it was for the right of those young men and women in those countries in eastern europe and russia to be free. to choose who they are. to say what they want to say without fear of state penalty. when i saw the thousands of young people, gay and straight, marching on euro-pride, i found it to be a moving experience because it was the freedom that have been one for them -- won for them by the courage of their fathers and by the determination of this country and the political leadership. what it made me realize is this. there may be setbacks. there may be times when it seems that the quality -- that full equality is a long way off. this is a global march which is moving in only one direction. it is moving in the direction of equality because in the end, people want to be free. the state cannot stand in front of that freedom and blocked it forever. [applause] that is why i believe that politics will