you know it so there was gorbachev was sort of in the center he moved gradually rather steadily however toward social democracy and by august one thousand nine hundred ninety one you could say that he was like a european social democrat he then failed in the coup the coup which then led to yeltsin's rise and what was left of the communist party what became the new russian federation communist party was basically the right wing of the old party so they they are in some ways a kind of semi fascist party they are very nationalistic they're very authoritarian and they don't have much in common with the kind of european social democracy or i would say with the original rather democratic radically democratic aims of karl marx and mark do you think that. a bit provocative you did glasnost and perestroika destroy the communist party of the soviet union. i'd have to say of the two glasnost destroyed the economy as part of the soviet union the communist party of the soviet union was built as an instrument basically to control the state and to control the public sphere and once you opened up the p

and gorbachev of course is an incredibly admirable figure i mean he probably introduced more freedom in the world than any figure certainly in the twentieth century he reversed many of the trends that lead toward more authoritarian states towards entry to the market democratic states towards imperialism he was an anti imperialist to particularly eastern europe and yet ultimately he's a failure ultimately the one thing the state leader has to do is preserve his own state and this he failed to do amazing irony of history thank you very much and i move on out of time but he takes my guess again in our princeton and in washington thanks to our viewers for watching us here to see you next time and remember cross-country. mission free. education free in-store charge is free to make humans free.

moscow particular yeltsin becomes more popular than gorbachev so what was happening then at the time well events were spending out of control at that time this was after the collapse of eastern europe of course this was when elections were beginning to happen in in the republics and non non communist movements were coming to power nationalist movements secession was on the agenda in multiple republics and violence had already occurred where so the problem that gorbachev you know faced and why he was kind of swept away was that he acted too late and he was always too late had he i think has run suggested earlier had he acted earlier to sort of contain some of the excesses of of nationalists and to to put some limits on glasnost somehow to to prevent. you know the ways in which things ultimately escape control then perhaps he might have been able to ride this thing but as it as it you know it it developed it ultimately just became a tsunami that he couldn't control what you think about that ronald i mean i exaggerate yeah. yeah well you see i agree with mark there is we can find in ret

and that's what i thought gorbachev should have done. c-span: what do you think of mr. gorbachev? >> guest: well, i think he's actually rather a tragic figure. i think he probably shouldn't worry too much. his place in history is secure. he will always be remembered by history, i think, chiefly for bringing about the end of the cold war and beginning the important task of arms reduction with the united states. i think his record inside the soviet union, though, is much more complex, and he does not come across as the same uncomplicated gorbachev that the west had come to love. in that respect, i think he has no current political future. and while i, you know, have respect for the man, you know, we all in life have to keep our eye on the big ball. the big ball was u.s.-russian relations, not trying to make somebody feel better he's no longer in power. by the way, my reaction to all that, you know, did not go down universally well among the others who'd been invited. but anyway... c-span: why? >> guest: well, because i wrote to several people who'd been invited also to be part of th

gorbachev." but he always rehearsed it. that is the skill of an actor, a great communicator but more fundamentally, i think, president reagan understood that the job of president is to build consensus in america, not a consensus in washington. if you build consensus in america, you will get a consensus in washington. the more he could get out there and sell a vision, sell his ideas and explain himself, not by demonizing the opposition, but by speaking to his positive vision and what this would mean to each joann doretta six-pack -- joe and joanna six-pack, the more comfortable he was as president. >> we think about cinema and staging, i want to bring up what is arguably one of the great legacies, this relationship with gorbachev and the arms control agreement, which admittedly came in the second term because when sam or someone would ask him why haven't you met with a soviet leader he would say, well, they keep dying on me. [laughter] we get to geneva in november of 1985 and you may recall there had been some controversy in

gorbachev." but he always rehearsed it. that is the skill of an actor, a great communicator but more fundamentally, i think, president reagan understood that the job of president is to build consensus in america, not a consensus in washington. if you build consensus in america, you will get a consensus in washington. the more he could get out there and sell a vision, sell his ideas and explain himself, not by demonizing the opposition, but by speaking to his positive vision and what this would mean to each joann doretta six-pack -- joe and joanna six-pack, the more comfortable he was as president. >> we think about cinema and staging, i want to bring up what is arguably one of the great legacies, this relationship with gorbachev and the arms control agreement, which admittedly came in the second term because when sam or someone would ask him why haven't you met with a soviet leader he would say, well, they keep dying on me. [laughter] we get to geneva in november of 1985 and you may recall there had been some controversy in

and here in 1989 gorbachev was coming to beijing on deng's terms. he wasulling troops out of mongolia, he was getting vietnam to pull out of cam pod ya. and he was pulling troops out of afghanistan. so... the soviet union had accepted his conditions so the world press was invited to see the renewal of the relation between russia and china. deng made it very clear to the americans that it was not going to be like the '50s. they were not going to have a that clo a relation but they wanted a normal relation. deng wanted a pieceful environment with all major powers. rose: so he could growhe economy. >> so he could grow theconomy and people could improve their way of life. and so that's why people were there and at a very critical time someone went to north korea very a visit that had been planned a long time, ahead of time and jao jiang writes that hehad to go ahead because otherwise it would seem that china were inhaos. other people had different interpretations b. there was no clear leadership. deng by that time was already approaching his 88th birthd

gorbachev tried to reform it, and then it collapsed. but i can tell you still in 1990, the soviet union collapses in 1991. in the fall of 1990 i don't think anybody thought that the collapse of the soviet union was a year away. >> one of our students wanted to make sure i asked about social media and how the foreign policy establishment now follows social media around the world. >> yes. >> and whether that's part of the intelligence gathering. >> it is now. in fact, when i went to state, i took with me someone named sean mccormack from the white house who was very interested in what was then an emerging social media. there was not then any facebook or twitter, but people were on web sites all the time and chat rooms, so we started to understand better what was going on this. i also asked a former student of mine, a gentleman named jared cohen who would later on go to work for secretary clinton to go and start thinking about did we want to even try to help people to use social media to democratize? so he created groups of friends who wou

people would say gorbachev is bound to fall from power.hank you, but when was the issue because the general sense that things are going bad is not enough. people knew that the infrastructure, political, economic, social was weak. i went to the soviet union for the first time in 1979 to study language. i was there for an extended time. and i was a student of the soviet military and remember thinking, i have this image of the soviet military being 10 feet tall. there remember going into a store to buy it some little just before my family. they were doing the computation of the prices on an abacus. i have not seen an amicus since second grade in birmingham, alabama. i thought, this was such a very developed place. you start to get a sense of something really wrong. i think that the new that the infrastructure was weak. a true believer in marxist ideology that it could triumph over the fact that people were estonian or ukrainian. somebody who believe that you could reform the soviet union, tried to reform it, and then it collapsed. but i can t

. >> i was and gorbachev is long to fall from power but when? it was the issue because a general sense that things are going bad is not enough. .. in birmingham alabama, and i thought this is a very difficult place and you start to get a sense that something is really wrong so i think the specialists knew that the infrastructure was weak. it took, however, a true believer in the ideology that it is triumph over the fact people were estonian or ukrainian as it took somebody who believed you could reform the soviet union, gorbachev tried to reform and finished collapsed. still in 1990 the soviet union collapse was defender 25th, 1921. 1991 where reunifying germany in the fall of 1990i don't think anybody thought the collapse of the soviet union. >> one of our students wanted to make sure i asked about social media and how the foreign policy establishment now follows the social media around the world and whether that is a part of the intelligence gathering and what. >> it is. one night might i took someone named sean mccormack in the white house in

gorbachev and his wife, the secret service and by far ironclad i change my major.o if you find your passion, if you find people who will support you and you work hard and don't worry too much about what comes next incredible opportunities to open themselves to you. finally i say get involved in politics at some point. find a candidate you like and work for the. ultimately that is how i got to be secretary of state. i worked with george w. bush and became secretary of state. those are the thoughts i have that are most important right now. find your passion. [applause] >> let's talk about the organization of decisionmaking and your role in the national security council. that rolled was painful for me to read it. if you were to advise now after your experience in that job in particular a president of the united states would you suggest to them that one characteristic of the members of that team whether it is secretary of defense or treasury or even vice president would be gets along well with others? >> that might eliminate a fair number of people in washington. i wou

corruption infects all of your proposals who are good in practice twenty years ago when you also replaced gorbachev you launched a major reshuffle here a new department and the staff of all the state agencies but there resulted in the nearly five ain't crease in the number of officials when the level of corruption beating that of the soviet times they did what you propose no it didn't work no you forgot why the earth least everyone you figure out the main thing. that says liberal democrats for the russians. i will pin my hopes on the russian people i will tell them russians this is your home country it's time to wake up it's time to stop fearing and giving in putting up with humiliation take the power in your hands here it is i'm giving it to you the party has won and since you voted for us let us take the necessary steps let us grow down on corrupt officials let us use video surveillance let us cut on red tape. let us introduce house arrest and electronic ankle bracelets all decisions will be taken swiftly i don't have friends among governess i will fire seventy percent of them the same with city

forward even china has even asked us to eliminate nuclear weapons and even russia over the years with gorbachev and putin may all wanted to eliminate nuclear weapons provided the u.s. gave up star wars its desire to down in a. military base then israel this week pushing forward and of course chinese and if we are threatened they are going to build up their military so it's a very unfortunate situation and it's being so in america like we have to be fearful of china but most americans don't know that china has been making all these peaceful goes towards us as far as you know trying to slow down the arms race as has russia you know. called the chaff tried with reagan maybe get rid of all the nuclear weapons except that reagan wouldn't give up his star wars dream and i was there a conference at the u.n. . i'm afraid we're actually running out of time this is very good to hear your views on the program tonight from the. studios in new york you can remove. we bring a plate a couple of top world news stories the un's nuclear agency has issued its latest resolution about iran it's big seems a compromi

think that was one of the factors that forced the soviet union to really rethink its approach under gorbachev, yes. >> did the end of the cold war change republican foreign policy? >> it did. as for all americans, republicans had to decide, you know, where do we go next? what should america's role in the world be? and for republicans especially prior to communism had been such a unifying force during the cold war, it left remins sort of confused and divided. there was the sort of pat buchanan wing, more isolationist in the 1990s, there was the henry kissinger type school of thought, there were american nationalists who believed in military strength but were more skeptical of humanitarian intervention, and i think george w. bush ended those disagreements for a while through the concept of the war on terror. but they have resurfaced today. they have resurfaced today with barack obama as president. you see that. >> professor dueck, when lyndon johnson was president, when jimmy carter was president, we saw a vast change in american foreign policy? >> i think carter actually really tried to bring

gorbachev. then it's off to the airport and the official departure ceremony.eparture time will be 11:00 a.m., with air force one scheduled to arrive at london's heathrow airport early that i want healthy skin for life. [ female announcer ] improve the health of your skin with aveeno daily moisturizing lotion. the natural oatmeal formula improves skin's health in one day, with significant improvement in 2 weeks. i found a moisturizer for life. [ female announcer ] only from aveeno. i found a moisturizer for life. now there's no need to hold back. new revolutionary scope dualblast obliterates strong food odors leaving your breath minty fresh. hey. [ male announcer ] so there's no trace of evidence... new scope dualblast. im tn. ti t aarraan su ueiny. yalse u. ti tme snc.n su ueiny. u do me s iv llorfredrmou msuplsuine there are character issues? >> the american people deserve better than someone being tried in the court of public opinion based on unfounded accusations. that's what that's about. and i value my character and my integrity more than anything else. a

georges hall for a farewell with the gorbachevs.iddle of the atlantic, hopefully he wasn't!u relying on itÑi for geography cal intel. and others briefed him on soviet portrayals and this awesome one evolved over the5a years, the soviet space program might be described as something with a dual personality. a jekyll and hyde so to speak. it consists of two parts. one of which is highly visible andÑijf acceptable to the world public. while the other moves in a sort of, p"ow land and is cloaked in high secrecy.çó >> a dual personality, ai] jeky and hyde and two parts with one in the shadow land. even i'm qintrigued.c reagan liked thatokÑ videook so he wrote in his diary after watching it, saw a cia classified movie on the soviet space program, they're much here's how he learned that from the movie. >> since the early 1970s, the soviets have concentrated their effort on space systems for military support.i] as mentioned at the beginning of thei] presentation, soviet spac tempers can be divided into two parts -- military and scientific.

. >> well, they also had gorbachev. >> on that note we will convene. thank you very much. >> thank you. >> we'll be right back. >>> one of the tragedies of the euro zone crisis is that we've waited so long that there is no costly solution. ♪ when your chain of supply ♪ goes from here to shanghai, that's logistics. ♪ ♪ chips from here, boards from there ♪ ♪ track it all through the air, that's logistics. ♪ ♪ clearing customs like that ♪ hurry up no time flat that's logistics. ♪ ♪ all new technology ups brings to me, ♪ ♪ that's logistics. ♪ ♪ [ multiple snds ng melodic tune ] ♪ [ malennounc ] at northrop grumman, makthworld a feplace. th's value performance. northr gruan. i tell you what i can spend. i do my best to make it work. i'm back on the road safely. and i saved you money on brakes. that's personal pricing. >>> this week's europe crisis seemed to reach a breaking point, engulfing italy, the third largest member of the euro zone, and representing almost 20% of its gdp. what does this mean for europe and the world? there are a few people in the wor

gorbachev, tear down this wall. >> he believed in america and americans. he led us to have faith in our strengths and confidence and our nation. >> as long as we remember our first principles, the future will always be hours. >> when to begin the move, there's no telling where it will end. >> we remember most the president reagan inspired freedom and change the world. >> it is in that spirit that we gather to hear from some great republican leaders. match was here three years ago we had our first ronald reagan dinner. he is here tonight. he made the republican dinners. it is pretty impressive. he said i will go on run for this. he was one of those candidates who worked extremely hard and carried a message about restoring the integrity requiring that we have those to vote. please join me in giving a republican welcome to our secretary of state. >> it is wonderful being with you tonight thank you for our your hard work. scott county is a republican county. i want to thank all of you for your hard work. gemma is my chief deputy. i am a iowa graduate. they giv

. >> well, they also had gorbachev. >> on that note we will reconvene. thank you very much. >> thank you. >> we'll be right back. >>> one of the tragedies of the euro zone crisis is that we've waited so long that there is no costless solution. every solution has enormous consequences. collateral damage. unintended results. ♪ a refrigerator has never been hacked. an online virus has never attacked a corkboard. ♪ give your customers the added feeling of security a printed statement or receipt provides... ...with mail. it's good for your business. ♪ and even better for your customers. ♪ for safe and secure ways to stay connected, visit usps.com/mail aspercreme breaks the grip, with maximum-strength medicine and no embarrassing odor. break the grip of pain with aspercreme. >>> this week's europe crisis seemed to reach a breaking point, engulfing italy, the third largest member of the euro zone, and representing almost 20% of its gdp. what does this mean for europe and the world? there are few people in the world with a better grasp of the ups and down of all

gorbachev. then it's off to the airport and the official departure ceremony.e will be 11:00 a.m., with air force one scheduled to arrive at london's heathrow airport early that afternoon. >> since london's not in the middle of the atlantic, hopefully the president was not relying on these videos for too much geographical intel. other cia videos were designed to prime president reagan on soviet politics, on soviet media portrayals of the united states. there was also this totally awesome one on this soviet space program. look at this one. >> as it has evolved over the years, the soviet space program might be described as something with a dual personality, a jekyll and hyde, so to speak. that is, it exists of two parts. one that is highly visible and acceptable to the public, while the other moves in a sort of shadow land and is cloaked in high secrecy. >> a dual personality, jekyll hyde, and one in the shadow land. reagan liked that particular video so much, he wrote in his diary, he wrote, "saw a cia classified video on the soviet space program, they are much