he told gorbachev, but it's not all that over iraq.us not divide ourselves over saddam hussein. after all, there are far bigger things than this contribution which is going to be over very soon. thank you. [applause] >> thank you very much, dr. engelke. i'm going to miss two other people to join us on stage. first it was like to have larry napper join us on stage. graduated from the 1969. he's a career foreign service officer who served this country as ambassador in kazakhstan and was the deputy chief of missions in romania where he received the state department distinguished honor award at the embassy during the overthrow of prochaska. i beg to ask randy has to join us. in 1967 received a regular army commission in the comfort tree. he surrendered after every level in peace and war from platoon leader to deputy commander of u.s. pacific command. during desert shield and desert storm he commended the 22nd brigade, blackjack or get on the first calvary division. lieutenant general house seabee brigade against saddam hussein making multi

and he told gorbachev the exact same thing.e eve of the american air wawar on and so on the eve of te american groundwork, that the liberation of kuwait was not in and of itself but to something bigger. and gorbachev as you will recall, attempted to mediate a truce between the world and iraq. he did so twice in fact. first on the eve of the air war and then a second time when the ground war appeared imminent. he called bush repeatedly on the telephone during this later date in fact hoping to save lives, hoping to save his former ally in baghdad, and to think of it as well to keep the world from seeing to vivid demonstration of americans hegemonic power. one can fairly say in fact the gorbachev called so often at he badgered bush. hectoring him nightly with phone calls that grew well into the two-hour plus ridge. this was not the brightest moment of the relationship. to be blunt, bush was annoying the heck -- excuse me, gorbachev was annoyed the heck out of bush. the president at this time was tired. he was stressed. he was abou

this is something that gorbachev lob yesterday bush to do. george bush was not the only decision-maker in the world confronted by this problem. for gorbachev could have threatened to counter american fore in the middle east with his own. threatening that which has happen repeat lid during the cold war in 1956 in 1973, again in the mid-1980s, soviet leaders warned the united states against putting too much of their own interests in the persian gulf. now, let's admit soviet intend venges was unlikely in august of 1990, given soviet poverty and the need of gorbachev in tech to keep good relations with the west and with george bush. but to say it was unlikely was not the same to say it was impossible. for iraq was a long-time client state of the soviet and had advocates throughout moscow and the kremlin. more importantly, one cold war dynamic had been that each summer power was wary of the other gaining too much influence over the crucial oil region of the persian gulf and had that baghdad invaded kuwait five years earlier, back in 1985, back in

and sure about the cal gorbachev.t hours and days after the iraqi invasion, washington blinked. if stammered, pause. this is not the image of the defaced the decision-making typically recalled the memories of the goal for our thought of. we recall president bush defiantly declaring this will not stand. this aggression against kuwait. you frequently lost a collective memory is the fact this statement has been five days after the iraqi invasion, five days when the world, the country and i'd argue in fact the majority of his staff wanted exactly what he would argue, but he would decide. for historians, that tells us other options are not considered on the table, but considered viable as well. much occurred behind the scenes between the first in the fifth of august. in the interim, scowcroft won the presidents endorsement of a more vigorous response to hear today, more than 20 years later as we discussed the goal for history, we should be frank it was not the argument the kuwaiti independence and self mattered at. neither

>> it began with a conversation -- a conversation with gorbachev. we got a song in the works.blem is water in this world. for some people it is too little, and for some people it is too much. it is a wide and broad spectrum, but it is an important problem. >> you make social consciousness sound good. it is one thing people preach, but for you to sound good doing it and to list as an inspiration gorbachev's. >> when you are faced with someone you know does more than you, that is the only way you can learn. yes, that was the springboard that led to this. tavis: it has been nice to spend 30 minutes with someone who knows more than i do. the project is called "til your river runs dry!" he has been doing a solo thing and doing it well. that is our show for tonight. until next time, thanks for watching, and keep the faith. ♪ 12:00, and the place is packed ♪ ♪ kept on walking, going round and round ♪ time ♪a crazy today's show, visit tavis smiley at pbs.org. tavis: hi, i'm smtas viiley. join me next time for a conversation with laura dern on her acclaimed series, "enlightened." >> th

gorbachev, the secret service i thought i am really glad i changed my major.if you work hard and you don't worry too much about what comes next incredible opportunities open themselves. i would say get involved in politics at some point. i worked for george w. bush and i became a secretary of state. so those are some of the faults that i have, the most important starts right now. find your passion. [applause] let's talk a lot about the organization of the decision making in your role in the national security council. if he were to edify is now after your experience in the job in particular would you suggest to them that one characteristic of the members of the team whether secretary defense treasury gets along well with others? >> that might eliminate a fair number of people than washington there's no doubt that we have strong personalities but they were debates about substance, they were not personal issues, but nonetheless, we got along just fine until the most stressful time and the most stressful or hear and in iraq so perhaps the lesson is in the so-calle

gorbachev, open this gate. [cheers and applause] mr. gorbachev, tear down this wall. host: president ronald reagan. we have done a lot on the american presidents, house, and even those who did not make it to the presidency with our series "the contenders" last year. go to the archives are our website, the video library at c- span.org. if you're interested in the ronald reagan speech or the bill clinton's state of the union, it's all in our archives. if we're getting your favorite president this morning and why. john and mountaintop, pennsylvania, republican. i'm sorry, i just talked to you. i did not realize you are on the line still. what do you think about that famous line from ronald reagan's speech? caller: that made me feel so proud that i cried. everytime i see ronald reagan i cry, because he was like a father to us. he was there for everyone of us. he answered all my mail every time i write him. host: how old or you when he was the president? caller: i think i was about 42 years old. host: we will go to lisa in massachusetts, a democrat. you say president obama

all obama has to do is look at gorbachev. he came 1985, a secret speech 1986 denouncing afghanistan, he had them tell shultz they were getting out and then announce a timetable then were gone. we need to do something similar. he had 11 commanders in 11 years. take a look at the books the general that the votes attention to is this. that is not a war to be successful no military ever successful where they have a sanctuary. not only that but an ally in pakistan to provide billions of dollars of economic aid that makes the picture somewhat confusing how would you disengage from the situation you support vertically integrated criminal enterprise called the of course, i government? but we are finding our way as a resolution, i don't know how many years this will take. my optimism is the team that are too good appointments. wonder why obama wasted time with susan rice who was not qualified if we had somebody like john kerry when he was his whole career could rise to secretary of state and check cable a wonderful nomination and the

gorbachev, tear down this wall. >> reporter: more than 41 submarines ready to act in the cold war. the submarine built here at the shipyard dating back to the 1850s. parts of it are on display at the historic park museum. the part many care about is the sale. >> it's what you saw when you saw the boats coming home. >> reporter: the heaviest part of the sale is the history. history that has been sitting locked up behind the fence for years. >> this is where the jail is in jail. >> reporter: now sale our sale. a group of workers is fighting to free the sale from the fenced off area and move it across the street to aldon park. the hope is to use it to pay tribute. >> a memorial to chose who beuit her and sailed her. that's why. i'm sorry. that's why this is so special. >> reporter: it's especially emotional for bill and his friends who created the group. the city stalled their efforts. >> they took our $800 that it cost to apply. >> reporter: that was three years ago. the city planner said they had to order a report because the park is deemed historic. the report was ordered in august

gorbachev was a visionary who came to power. he saw he needed to change the country. he used his powers to do that. he withdrew from afghanistan. he called for nuclear abolition. he worked with ronald reagan. he understood you need political solutions, not military solutions. when the soviet troops were ready to come out of the barracks so the berlin wall would not come down, he told them to stay in the barracks, the empire is going. we cannot be a country that will be one of glasnost and perestroika if we live the way we have. it is the 20th anniversary of the soviet union, the end of the soviet union. many people in russia blame him for the economic conditions in which they live. they blame him for the end of the country that many felt was the cradle to grave welfare state instead of a totalitarian system. i have great respect for him. you can also see people's weaknesses. you talked about all salvador. what about the priests and nuns? to me, that is the people power in that situation. flm was a revolutionary force seeking power. the people power were trying to alle

in 1987, cliburn performed at the white house for the last soviet leader mikhail gorbachev and he got a bear hug. his last appearance was in september. >> i love you all from the bottom of my heart forever. ( applause ) >> reporter: van cliburn was 78. a great spirit. there is a new sign of progress in the fight against obesity. we'll have the story behind this picture of the day. and on the eve of his retirement, the pope speaks about the difficult moments that he has faced when the "cbs evening news" continues. gests cell health plays a key role throughout our lives. designed for men's health concerns as we age. it has 7 antioxidants to support cell health. one a day men's 50+. [ male announcer ] why is kellogg's crunchy nut so delicious? because every flake is double-toasted... splashed with sweet honey... and covered in rich double-roasted peanuts. mmm. [ hero ] yummy. [ male announcer ] kellogg's crunchy nut. it's super delicious! [old english accent] i doth declare that thou have brought overmany discounts to thine customers! [old english accent] safe driver, multi-car, paid in

relationship with the soviet union and now russia because gorbachev and reagan actually talking in reykjavik about getting rid of oil on nuclear weapons and but you have said but you can't proceed with this missile defense dollar was the shield reagan wouldn't give it up and the deal anymore the table then put north that clinton to cut back to fifteen hundred nuclear weapons i mean the u.s. and russia had one thousand barrels in between us and he said but you can't proceed with these missiles you're building and wouldn't give him his word on that and so then putin back let me and i'm sorry to interrupt you but i'm just really curious here of course when the system first began this was part of the cold war development right that it was aimed specifically at protecting the u.s. from the soviet union threat now we're hearing that the new system is essentially defense allegedly defense from iran but do you feel of that's really the the focus of the system here or is that perhaps a smokescreen as some critics have alleged i don't think it's genuine i think. they put that vision twenty twenty back

relationship with the soviet union and now russia because gorbachev and reagan actually talking in reykjavik about getting rid of all our nuclear weapons and going but you have said but you can't proceed with this missile defense dollar was the shield reagan wouldn't give it up and the deal the table then put north that clinton to cut back to fifteen hundred nuclear weapons i mean the u.s. and russia had nineteen bass in between us and he said but you can't proceed with these missiles you're building and wouldn't give him his word on that and so then putin back let me and i'm sorry to interrupt you but i'm just really curious here of course when the system first began this was part of the cold war development right that it was aimed specifically at protecting the u.s. from the soviet union threat now we're hearing that the new system is essentially defense allegedly defense from iran but do you feel that's really the the focus of the system here or is that perhaps a smokescreen as some critics have alleged i don't think it's genuine i think. they put out this vision twenty twenty back in the

dyed and replaced and then died in then replaced in died quickly and then was finally replaced by gorbachev but by then it was too late to save the system. as ronald reagan said at that time there were three soviet leaders in a little over three years time they keep dying on me. [laughter] that is what president obama and future american presidents will deal with certain the in the next four years they have no ability to agree on the son of one of the brothers the 36 branches each year if my son gets it, let your whole branch is disenfranchised because we pass it down to our branch for it is easy brother to brother but which cousin when there are hundreds? the king tried to get around that with the allegiance council with one person from every branch to decide when the first crown prince died that group met and one of the brothers said i should be the next crown prince and the king said no. i am taking another brother and a that was the and of one man / one-vote. there was an expression and a decision. so young saudis to worry about what will happen in. with these cuts since quarrel with ea

drove off to die quickly and was replaced by chernenko, who died quickly and was finally replaced by gorbachev, but by then it was too late to save the system. so as ronald reagan said at the time when they were basic -- basically three soviet leaders in over three years time, they keep dying on me. [laughter] and that's what i think president obama and future american presidents are going to be dealing with. certainly here in the next four years. they have no ability to agree yet on the son of one of the brothers, because the 36 branches each fear that if my son gets it, your son, your whole branch is disenfranchised because we will pass it down in our branch because there's not -- only it was easy to pass it from brother to brother, but how do you decide if you're going to pass it from cousin to cousin? which custom? there are hundreds of them. the king tried to get around that having an allegiance counsel with one person from every branch of the family that we decide, but when his first crown prince died, that group apparently met in one of the brothers said i should be the next crown princ

motor skills of a dinosaur such as a timetable for withdrawal all obama has to do i look at the gorbachev experience, and came in 1985, gave a secret speech 1986 faugh denouncing afghanistan, had told shultz we are getting out with one year to turn around and then announced a timetable then we were gone in 89. we need to do something similar. we had 11 commanders in afghanistan in the 11 years. look at the book if the generals that is not of war where we can be successful. there is no military that is ever successful with a counterinsurgency and they have been ally in pakistan that makes the picture confusing to disengage from a situation where you are supporting perfectly integrated enterprise called the car's side government. but refined doorway with the resolution of crisis but i don't know how many years this will take. >> my optimism that team john kerry and chuck hegel are good a pate -- appointments i wonder why obama wasted time with susan rice when we have somebody like john kerry who was devoted to the position of secretary of state chuck hegel is so wonderful nomination and the

what ronald reagan didn't mind allowing mikhail gorbachev to take credit when he needed to. >> that'sreat example. what is the point of being a president? >> i agree with mr. taft and i agree with mr. reagan. you set a vision for the country, lead toward the vision, and the american people and the congress, the president is but one-third of the federal government. executive branch. he has to get along with the congress and he won't get anything done. we're forgetting the critical junction of defending the borders and in a time of urgent national security needs, the president is the commander in chif of the united states military and that's not something that -- that herbert hoover had to deal with, unfortunately, more of a peacetime. he was deeply involved in the rehabilitation of europe after world war ii and also world war i. >> we have presidential family consensus. good way to round things off. thank you all very much. >> thank you, piers. >> quick programming note. thursday i will sit down for an hour-long interview with another former president, jimmy carter, thursday night and

mickael gorbachev did a better job. he gave them a year to show they could set out to do it.le and got the hell out of there. that's what obama needs to do. >> author of national insecurity. up next, reversing death. the doctor who said it's no longer just the stuff of sci-fi. >> the chance of a lifetime. >> it frees a human being. >> you never imagined where it would take him. >> he's cold. do you think he's dead? [ male announcer ] this is bob, a regular guy with an irregular heartbeat. the usual, bob? not today. [ male announcer ] bob has afib: atrial fibrillation not caused by a heart valve problem, a condition that puts him at greater risk for a stroke. [ gps ] turn left. i don't think so. [ male announcer ] for years, bob took warfarin, and made a monthly trip to the clinic to get his blood tested. but not anymore. bob's doctor recommended a different option: once-a-day xarelto®. xarelto® is the first and only once-a-day prescription blood thinner for patients with afib not caused by a heart valve problem, that doesn't require routine blood monitoring. like warfarin, xa

all obama has to do, and i know it is not that simple, but i would look at the gorbachev experience.e came in 1985, he gave a speech in 1986 denouncing afghanistan as a bleeding wound. he had secretly told schultz at the military was going to get one year to turn it around. and that they wouldn't be able to. he announced a timetable, and then he was gone and 89. we need to do something similar, the military had its chances, we had 11 commanders in afghanistan in 11 years, take a look at this book by the general, which devotes a lot of attention to this. that is not a war where we can be successful. that is not in the military we have. there is no military that has ever been successful with counterinsurgency. not only that, but they have an ally in pakistan where we survived with billions of dollars of military economic aid that makes the picture somewhat confusing as to how do you disengage from a situation where you are supporting a vertically integrated criminal enterprise by the karzai government. but i think we are finding our way to some resolution of the crisis. again, i don't

something together all but obama has to do and i know it isn't this simple but i would look at the gorbachev experience. he came out of 1985 he gave the secret speech in 1986 denouncing afghanistan to his fellow bureau colleagues as a bleeding wound he had the moxie secretly tell shultz we were getting out that the military was going to get one year to turnaround and the wouldn't feel to. they announced a timetable and they were gone. we need to do something similar. they had their chances we had 11 commanders and afghanistan in 11 years take a look at thomas rex book the generals that devotes a lot of attention to this isn't a war we can be successful and the kind of military we have. there is no military that had ever been successful in the counterinsurgency where they have a sanctuary. not only did it have a sanctuary but in outlining pakistan that we provide with billions of dollars of military and economic aid that makes the picture somewhat confusing to disengage from a situation where you are supporting the vertically integrated enterprise that's called the karzai government. but i th

our military he increased our military and outspent the soviet union out of oblivion according to gorbachevonald reagan got control of our budget and making our military the strongest in the the world and we're facing just an untold number of threats right now and plus the thing that i worry about the most is, when we cut our military, particularly our navy. we encourage the wrong people in china to want to challenge us instead of keeping the gap between us so great that china won't challenge us. >> sean: i would like to know what is he going to do to stop the chinese hacking. what did he do when he found out the russians were flying over our air space with nuclear welcomes and why was he for the sequester and now against the sequester. he never gets asked any questions about the suckup, kiss his back side media personalities out there. it's unbelievable and i watched you as mayor, you got hammered by the new york media and you bantered back and forth with them. >> i was he better for it and so were the people of new york. in reality. i was checked and balanced by the press every single day

the fact of the matter is reagan's great diplomacy with mikhail gorbachev, margaret thatcher said reagan won the cold war without firing a single shot and occurred because reagan is taking the trips and meeting with gorbachev to end the cold war. but the point i'm making is this notion of the division of first and second terms and all the polls we see is a little bit overwrought. if second terms were so bad, f.d.r. woopt have had a third or fourth there is truth you lose some of your l.s.u.er in the sense barack obama won't run again and people realize his power is limited, his clock is running so it's sometimes harder to do legislative deals in the second term, on the other hand, barack obama can sign executive order after executive order and he will and you'd be amazed how many second orders get signed on a president's way out of office. >> washington journal airs every day at 7:00 eastern. now a discussion on women and politics. this part of the conference held at southern methodist university in dallas with some of the challenges facing women candidates. this is 30 minutes. >> thank

to date gorbachev has been operating under the assumption whatever resources they have on the borderbased on the budget would to we want for security and in the risk-based way then they need to have measures to collect data in a consistent way to achieve that end i don't think it has been defined and the data is not consistently collected. >> i have heard that from many different people to collect the same information. where the department has spent millions of dollars, wasted millions of dollars as a former small business owner know you have to spend your money wisely. of the government needs to find ways to do the same. i have heard from a number of small-business owners they have a great idea but the problem they face is penetrate the bureaucracy of dhs to have a consideration as a relates to innovative ways to secure but these good idea is good at least get a hearing. >> i have never been able to do it. [laughter] congressmat

was no more significant voice for that than ronald reagan when he laid before secretary general gorbachevin 1986 a rather bold plan. in fact, i believe, paraphrasing president reagan, we must eliminate nuclear warheads from the face of the earth, i believe he said something to that effect. global zero has been very clear on this. their effort has been in line with every major national leader in the world, including president obama, to continue to try to make an effort to reduce our nuclear warheads, but in a dangerous world, nuclear arsenals and our containment policy which i mentioned in my statement has been critically important. we're not going to unilaterally disarm. verifiable. it has to be bilateral. it has to be negotiated. as all our treaties have been. >> thank you, senator hagel. the reasonable i mentioned the mission statement, that's a group you belong to. we can talk about that later. you may want to expand on that for the record. my time has expired, but i have one last question i'd like to ask and that is, given that iran, the people -- i'm quoting right now from iran -- pe

was no more significant voice for that than ronald reagan when he laid before secretary general gorbachev in 1986 a rather bold plan. in fact, i believe, paraphrasing president reagan, we must eliminate nuclear warheads from the face of the earth, i believe he said something to that effect. global zero has been very clear on this. their effort has been in line with every major national leader in the world, including president obama, to continue to try to make an effort to reduce our nuclear warheads, but in a dangerous world, nuclear arsenals and our containment policy which i mentioned in my statement has been critically important. we're not going to unilaterally disarm. verifiable. it has to be bilateral. it has to be negotiated. as all our treaties have been. >> thank you, senator hagel. the reasonable i mentioned the mission statement, that's a group you belong to. we can talk about that later. you may want to expand on that for the record. my time has expired, but i have one last question i'd like to ask and that is, given that iran, the people -- i'm quoting right now from iran -- p

out in reagan, and reagan always said, it was a lot harder dealing with jack warner than it was gorbachev california was the equivalent of the sixth largest nation in the world. i mean, it was not just some small town state legislature. this was a huge economy, a big-state budget, a university system. they had to do something about the mental health institutions, for example, in the state. and it was exploding in terms of population. so by the time he got to washington, he had really been through a trial by fire, and he was ready for what he knew he had to do on behalf of the country. he had also -- people ought to remember this -- he had been through a really tough campaign. george bush 41 beat him in iowa in the opening of the primaries. >> in '80. >> in '80. he was prepared in a way for what he arrived at. and i think it's worth remembering. >> so let's take a trip down memory lane. >> oh, i like that. >> i love doing this. here's a clip of tom brokaw in 1967. >> what? >> yeah. watch this. >> interviewing dwight eisenhower during eisenhower's visit to see then-governor and presidential

i'm not going to be gorbachev.not going to go down that path. chinese leaders wake up every morning. they worry about internal disarray. they look at the size of their country. 1.3 billion people. the dialects, the ethnic range and so forth. and they say, we have got to keep a lid on. that's why you need a communist party. they don't take their country's future for granted. and it's just to me a warning. we in the united states are obviously pushing them. we're not going to get what we want in terms of internal change. this is just the reality of china. it's an important educational piece about how chinese see their own country. >> check that out. we'll get to the headlines now, joe. elizabeth warren, i don't know if you saw this. i've got the longer version of it now. she seemed to settle in quite comfortably during her debut yesterday on the senate banking committee. the massachusetts democrat took the nation's bank regulators to task. >> wow, she did. >> with a direct and simple question, which it was simple, bu