gorbachev. productive,y optimistic meeting and both reagan and gorbachev went back theyith the shared belief could do business together. the987, the same year as 750th anniversary, there was the famous meeting where the two leaders were talking about substantial reduction in nuclear weapons. in 1987, the two sides were able to agree the famous zero option. 1983issiles the point in and rating called for a zero option and people laughed at him, saying that it's just a smokescreen for deployment. in 1987, and inf treaty was signed which created the zero option. began to sayle reagan is getting things done with gorbachev. mr. demirtas, tear down this wall. gorbachev, tear down this wall, it was not just propaganda. people understood reagan had a relationship with gorbachev. it was a serious relationship where they were both prepared to press each other for important reasons and so i think, by that time, reagan was beginning to be ,reated seriously and is seen it was the beginning and margaret rememb

just talk to gorbachev. of the reagan administration -- you mentioned in 1987-88, when the signed the treaty. most of the treaty, way back in 1981, and the russians walked away. -- they walked away. in 1983i remember, accounting of k il. double seven. >> the point is, there is this marble moment -- this moment where he goes in to the roosevelt room -- 81, i'm almost sure. reagan is rejecting the jimmy carter to track option on the imf negotiation. whichdopting a 00 option is that the soviets remove their missiles, but a single missile in place. >> that will hold by the way -- consistent. it's a 1979 double track decision. the said mr. president -- the ofiets have an investment hundreds of millions of rubles. you are asking me to tell them we are about to render that investment worthless. mr. president says, after this was named -- i don't even know how to say that to my soviet negotiating counterparts. ronald reagan says, well paul, you just took the soviets you are dealing with one tough son of a bitch. [la

gorbachev said to him, according to the president, gorbachev said, god bless you. then again, according to president reagan, he saw that gorbachev was wearing a crucifix. that really struck reagan. reagan had -- to be fair, i would say a kind of average, and somewhat simplistic view of the soviets, the russians. the atheist -- the fact that he saw -- that here is a man who is religious the believer, really had a big impact on reagan. i think he felt from that moment on, that this is something -- somebody come as margaret thatcher famously said, but he could do business with. it's funny, prior to that, one of the first -- even before margaret thatcher, saw gorbachev, think brian mulroney, then the prime minister of canada, had a meeting with gorbachev, and he came back. he said i thought he was leonid brezhnev in a $1000 suit, and he could not and more wrong. somehowfunny that moroni was unable to figure it out gorbachev in the same way that ronald reagan was. >> we had a speech writers meeting with don regan. said, toys, the president wants you to lighten up on gor

it was not a promise made by baker and bush to gorbachev.orbachevwears does swears it was not put on paper. this is one of the reasons putin is upset with gorbachev will stop it should have been on paper. they see gorbachev as acting out of weakness and as a result, the whole soviet union collapsed quickly. 25 million people roughly were left outside the borders without -- without the protection of the soviet union. their contents and so forth not met. -- their pensions and so forth not met. an internally, it collapsed. war broke out. nato a lot of the people who are in nato now are very anti-russia, eastern countries, anything can happen, an accident like in dr. strangelove can happen. amy: we are going to get to that response in a moment. he even says he would like to join nato. >> he was kind of joking. the clintons quick response, why not? that is the way clinton used act . when the delegation heard that, their faces dropped. they would have a veto. he makes the point that none of these countries in nato have ever said no to the united s

gorbachev, open this gate. mr. gorbachev, tear down this wall. >>> president ronald reagan's 1987 trip to berlin. then at 8:00 p.m. on lectures and history, hillsdale college professor paul moreno on the baby boom, civilization, and the emurjence of teen culture changed post world war ii society. >> again, advertisers are looking at this, young people begin to adopt their own styles of dress, the kind of music they listen to is very different, there's a kind of segregation, separation of youth culture from mainstream culture. >> and sunday at 8:00 p.m. eastern on the presidency. on the 45th anniversary of the watergate break in we offer an insider's view into nixon's white house and the watergate scandal that resulted in her husband h.r. bob holderman serving an eight-month prison sentence. >> the white house phone rings and i immediately assume it's that dreaded call from nixon. the conversation is surprisingly brief. the president wants john and me to chopper up to meet him at camp david at 1:30 today. when the w

eastern, on america" -- >> general secretary gorbachev, it you seek peace, if you seek prosperity, if you seek liberalization, come here to this gate. >> mr. gorbachev, tear down this wall. >> president ronald reagan's 1987 trip to berlin. , paul marino on how the baby boom, serve in his aging, and the emergence of teenage culture changed post-world war ii society. to get a separate youth culture, advertisers are looking at this, young people adopted their own style of dress and music. there is a segregation, separation of youth culture from mainstream culture. p.m. on the 8:00 presidency on the 45th anniversary of the watergate taken, an insiders view into richard nixon's white house and the watergate scandal. that resulted in one serving an 18 month sentence. >> the white house phone rings and i assume it is the dreaded call from nixon. the conversation was surprisingly brief. the president wants john and me to chopper up to camp david at 1:30 today. when the white house phone rings again, i try to stay composed. zigler, the press secretary. the president now feels very strongly tha

gorbachev, opened this date. -- open this gate. mr.bachev, tear down this wall. >> president ronald reagan's 1987 trip to berlin. at 8:00 p.m. on lectures in paulry, college professor, marino on how the baby-boom and emergence of teen culture changed post-world war ii society. >> advertisers are looking at this, young people begin to adopt their own styles of dress, the kind of music they listen to is very different. there is a kind of segregation, separation of youth culture from mainstream culture. 8:00 p.m. eastern, joe haldeman offers an insider's view into richard nixon's white house and the watergate scandal bob haldeman in serving an 18 month prison sentence. rings white house phone and i instantly assume it is that dreaded call from nexen. the conversation was surprisingly brief. when the white house phone rings again, i fight to stay composed. that was ron zigler, press secretary. feels verynt now strongly that john and i should volunteer to resign. our complete american history tv schedule, go to c-span.org. day --ay on cue a

gorbachev, open this gate. [cheers and applause] mr. gorbachev, tear down this wall.onald reagan's 1987 trip to berlin. then at 8:00 p.m. on lectures in history, college professor paul ,arino on how the baby-boom suburbanization and the culture --teenagers >> advertisers are looking at this. young people begin to adopt their own style of dress. the kind of music they listen to was very different. there is a segregation of youth culture from mainstream culture. >> sunday at 8:00 p.m. on the presidency, joe haldeman offers and insider's view into richard andn's white house watergate. >> the white house phone rings and i instantly assume it is that dreaded call from nexen. the conversation is surprisingly brief. the president wants my husband and me to chopper to camp david. --n the white house rings phone rings again, i struggle to stay composed. that was ron zigler, bob says. feels verynt now strongly that john and i should volunteer to resign. >> for our complete american history tv schedule, go to c-span.org. washington journal continues. host: welcome back. frank mo

gorbachev, open this gate! [applause] [cheers] pres. reagan: mr. gorbachev, tear down this wall! [applause] [loud cheers] pres. reagan: i understand the fear of war and the pain of division that afflict this continent -- and i pledge to you my country's efforts to help overcome these burdens. to be sure, we in the west must resist soviet expansion. so we must maintain defenses of unassailable strength. yet we seek peace, so we must strive to reduce arms on both sides. beginning 10 years ago, the soviets challenged the western alliance with a grave new threat, hundreds of new and more deadly ss-20 nuclear missiles, capable of striking every capital in europe. the western alliance responded by committing itself to a counter-deployment unless the soviets agreed to negotiate a better solution, namely, the elimination of such weapons on both sides. for many months, the soviets refused to bargain in earnestness. as the alliance, in turn, prepared to go forward with its counter-deployment, there were difficult days -- days of protests like those during my 1982 visit to this city -- and

gorbachev, if you peace, if you seek liberation, come to this gate. mr. gorbachev, open this gate. mr. gorbachev, tear down this wall. [applause] >> president ronald reagan's trip to berlin. aen, we will speak with college professor on how the baby boom, suburbanization, and teen culture shaped post world war ii society. >> young people began to adopt their own style of dress and music that they listen to. separation ofd of youth culture from the mainstream culture. >> on the 45th anniversary of the watergate break-in, we get an insider view into nixon's white house and the scandal. phone rings,house and i instantly assume it is that dreaded call from nixon. the conversation is surprisingly brief. john and me to meet him at camp david today. again, iphone rings struggle to stay composed. president now feels very strongly that john and i should volunteer to resign. >> for a complete american history tv schedule, you can go to www.c-span.org. washington journal continues. host: you are seeing a live scene of the baseball field in alexandria, virginia where the shooting occurred this

after a visit to the caucuses, he convinced mikael gorbachev.e also did his best to put aside his western ally -- allies'concerns. >> people can second-guess and say might have happened anyway, who is to say. if you might have asked me, in this century we are in now, probably. it took strong leadership. it took a man of principle who could work with different points of view. >> kohl's second great ambition was european unity. he and the french president shared an important friendship and they clasped hands at the german should carry -- at the german cemetery. kohl campaigned for a european and economic currency union and for the introduction of the euro. by 1991, elation had given way to disillusionment. the forcing landscapes promised by kohl had dematerialized. even though kohl lost the 1998 election, he goes down in history as the longest-serving german chancellor. helmut kohl defined german politics for 16 years. things went bad for him when details were revealed of a secret party funding scandal. kohl suffered a private tragedy. his wife, u

gorbachev, open this gate. [applause] gorbachev, tear down this wall. [applause] >> president ronald reagan's 1987 trip to berlin, and then at 8:00 p.m. on lectures in history, palma radel on how the baby boom, suburbanization, and the emergence of teen culture changed post-world to society -- post-world war ii society. >> young people begin to adopt their own styles of dress, the music they listen to, especially , is very different. there is kind of a segregation, a separation from mainstream culture. >> and sunday at 8:00 p.m. eastern on the presidency, on the 45th anniversary of the watergate break-in, an insider's view into richard nixon's white house and the watergate scandal that resulted in her husband serving in 18 month prison sentence -- an 18 month prison sentence. assume it is that dreaded call from nixon. the conversation is surprisingly brief. john and met wants to chopper up to meet him at camp david at 1:30 today. when the white house phone rings again, i fight to stay composed. that was ron, the press secretary. he is at camp david as w

that made it possible that these leaders, president bush on the one side and mikael gorbachev on the other side, allowed it to happen. .> there is no doubt about it helmut kohl had a talent for forging relationships that were useful later. , if youso interesting want to understand helmut kohl a little bit more to look at the strained relationship he had with angela merkel. helmut kohl discovered angela merkel who rose rapidly through the ranks. in 1991 she became minister for women and youth and later environment minister. anangela merkel admired helmut kohl but did not like it when he called her his girl. helmut kohl lost the 1998 election and step down as party leader. because of the donation scandal under his watch he also withdrew as honorary chairman. .ngela merkel distance herself she was elected chancellor in 2005. her relationship remained difficult. despite calls from within the party, she did not offer helmut .ohl honorary leadership again she papaid tribute to his achievemements when he w won the henry kissinger prize. he said not one word about her. how much is angela mer

charlie: what does he think happened when the collapse of the soviet union came, and gorbachev made aision on -- oliver: he describes gorbachev , and as an idealist and not a practical man -- most of the soviet union fell apart. so many russians ended up outside of borders overnight , more than 20 million, outside the borders without -- this was a severe cutting. the united states encouraged completely wild capitalism at that time. we lent them some money, not much. we encouraged them to privatize everything. the 1990's was a terrible period. i don't think americans sometimes realize how bad it was. in the 1996 election, yeltsin was not popular. he would not have won it. it was american support. we sent him election teams, imf money. that kept yeltsin going. he was our guy. clinton loved him. nato expanded in 1999 and that was a big move because the bush , administration, the father, and baker there was a promise , given to gorbachev that nato would end, it would not move one inch to the east of germany. >> gorbachev has repeated that over and over. charlie: putin and other russian le

gorbachev, open this gate. [applause] [cheers] >> mr. gorbachev, tear down this wall! [applause] >> president ronald reagan's 1987 trip to berlin. at 8:00 p.m. on lectures and history, homer reynaud on how the baby boom and the emergence of teen culture changed post-world war ii society. >> you get a separate youth culture. advertisers are looking at this, young people adopt their own style of dress, the kind of music they listen to is very different and there is a kind of separation or segregation of youth culture from mainstream culture. >> and sunday at 8:00 p.m. on the presidency, on the 45th anniversary of the watergate break-in, we have an insider's view into richard nixon's white house and the watergate scandal 18 monthlted in an prison sentence. >> the white house phone rings and i instantly assume it is that dreaded call from richard nixon, the conversation is presently brief. the president wants john and i to meet him at camp david i weathered p.m. today. 1:30 that it could that was the press -- today. that was the press secretary, he is at camp david too. th

gorbachev and he is an idealist and not as a practical man and as a failure as a leader. most of the soviet union fell apart and so many russians ended up outside of borders overnight, over 20 million, outside their borders without -- this was a severe cutting. the united states, of course, encouraged a completely wild kind of capitalism at that time. we lent them some money, not much, but we encouraged them to privatize everything. the '90s was a terrible period. i don't think americans sometimes realize how bad it was, so that even yeltsin lost his rudder because in the '96 election, yeltsin would not have won it. it was american support. we sent in election teams and i.m.f. money and that kept yeltsin going. he was our guy, clinton loved him. n.a.t.o. expanded in '99. that was a big move because the brsh administration, the father and baker, there was a promise given to gorbachev n.a.t.o. would end and not move one inch to the east of germany. not one inch to the east. that was clear cut. gorbachev repeated this over and over. >> rose: and you would add to that that pu

gorbachev, open this gate. [cheers and applause] >> mr. gorbachev, tear down this wall!a story. we want to know your stories, so send us tweets, at @thestoryfnc. we will be back here tomorrow night, tucker is up next, we will see you. >> good evening, welcome to "tucker carlson tonight." the subject is russia in pretty much the only thing washington can talk about or respond to at the moment. sessions may strike you as a likely prudent conspirator living in alabama, an awfully long way from moscow in every sense. it doesn't matter. everyone affiliated with the administration is a suspect these days. sessions says as a mentor of ad services committee he talked on two occaon w

gorbachev, open this gate. [applause] mr. libertas, tear down -- mr.gorbachev, tear down this wall. >> president ronald reagan's 1997 to two berlin. and at 8:00 p.m. on lectures in history, a college professor on how the baby-boom, suburbanization, and the emergence of teenage culture changed post-world war ii society. >> to get a separate youth culture, again advertisers are looking at this, young people begin to adopt their own styles of dress, music they listen to is different, there is a segregation, separation of youth culture from ancient culture. >> and sunday at 8:00 p.m. eastern on the presidency come on the 45th anniversary of the watergate break-in, a person offers an inside review on that and the watergate scandal. >> the white house phone rings and i instantly assume it is the dreaded call from the. the conversation is brief. me president wants john and to meet him at camp david at one -- 1:30 today. when the white house phone rings again, i find to stay composed. that was ron the press secretary. he is at camp david, too. the president no

gorbachev repeated this over and over. charlie: you can inch to the east of germany.nd other russian leaders have feared an invasion at the borders. they have a natural sense. oliver: they have been invaded by germany twice in the century and france add that. during the revolution, there was a tremendous war in russia. 18 armies fought against the new regime in moscow. they invaded everywhere they could from all of the areas. through a lot. world war ii, they took the brunt of the war. casualties, you don't even know but 27 million people disappeared. sacrifice.emendous because mr. roosevelt died, mr. truman did not have the same attitude as roosevelt did. he died in april 1945. -- although, i give him credit for trying things. became one. he took it up for the first time. you know how skating is. he is no skater. i saw him in one of the scenes in the hockey ring. ,e formed an old man's league and they play. very popular in russia because they love hockey. he is not very good, and we had a little fun with it, but he did score a couple of goals. not know if that is com

we have a biography of gorbachev. he's a pulitzer prize winning author, and the emphasis with fresh documents about his relationship with raisa, his wife. that will be interesting. >> did he cooperate with this? >> yes, he did. i think that's why we have this of his life. another one is a gifted, "no man's land", we have a whole different population of migrant workers, they are many of them retirees, pack up their rv's and move from camp to camp, chasing low paying jobs, like ticket takers and box packers and even fruit pickers. so, this book traces the particular community leaving in one of these nomad land camps. but it does reveal this entire other part of our economy and people for whom never come out of the great recession. what else. another great biography, arthur slessinger which captures the kennedy era, how shlessinger, and the days of camelot. the collector of lies, that has to do with the life of giorgio basari, renaissance architect, painter, diplomate who wrote a book, hugely influential on the lives of

gorbachev, tear down this wall! >> mr. gorbachev, tear down this wall!> that was 30 years ago today. when president reagan challenged soviet leader mu gorbachev to tear down the ball that divided east and west berlin since 1961. two years later the wall did come down. and two germanys reunited thanks in part to the speech, 30 years ago, today. interesting part about that line, is that several of reagan's speech writers did not want him to say it. they thought relations between him and gorbachev were pretty good thought the line was too extreme, forceful, kept trying to water down the speech. he and a speech writer kept putting it in. taking it out. putting it in. that day went up there and decide to say it. >> wonder if that was in the prompter or ad libbed. >> ad-libbed. >> stuck to his guns. wanted to say it. there he did. >> part of the brief visit the president did to west berlin. first five years scheduled so he could also take part in the city's, 750th anniversary celebration there. first in five years, the trip there. >>> turn now to new warning a

but i was there when he gave that speech in berlin telling gorbachev to tear down this wall. a speech that made history. not just reflected it, but is now seen as a pivotal moment in changing the direction of what was going on with the cold war. i might say i didn't write it but did i make sure i was one of the people who smuggled that speech into the president's hands. because after the president gave -- was given that speech and said he was going to say that, all of his senior advisors tried to convince him not to say tear down the wall, and mr. gorbachev , tear down this wall was a phrase in history that made history and ronald reagan stood up against all the people on the left who were attacking him, and even all of his own advisors. that made a huge difference in the world, in the world that we live in. now let me just note this. that we have a president now, president donald trump, who went to saudi arabia and went to a meeting with the leaders of that part of the world and he talked to them and these were muslims, of course. and he said from is going to be peace in the

it is a quote from gorbachev. 75 years after the united states declared war on germany, the cold war over, gorbachev came to the united states and he went to fulton, missouri, and there on the anniversary of winston churchill's famous address in 1946, saying that a iron curtain was falling across europe, gorbachev, three years -- nearly three years after the fall of the berlin wall, declared that the end of the cold war was a victory for common sense, reason, democracy. u.n. should creating stuck toward to impose sanctions and other means of couple pulse when rights of minority groups especially are being violated. and went on to underscore the universality of human rights, accept the ability of internationaller phoenix wherever human rights are violated and democracy must prove that it can exist as the antithesis of to tall -- totalitarianism. on today's agenda is not just a union of democratic states but also a democratically organized world community. that's really quite an extraordinary statement. well, see if i can find where i am in my own notes here. during the 1990s, after my

gorbachev, open this gate. [applause]

. >> gorbachev trusted our work, decided not to send in the tanks. >> reporter: helmut kohl peace cliany toss unity, hailed as father of reunification. the excitement of the moment wore off, economy in the east was in disarray, many former communist companies were shut down, there was mass unemployment and mass discontent. kohl promised the east would flourish, but after 16 years and three terms in office, the german public was no longer convinced of his efforts on the economy and he was finally voted out. his tenure full of other hard fought, controversial accomplishments. when he came to power in 1982, he supported the stationing of u.s. medium range nuclear missiles in germany, a response to soviet ss 20 missiles in eastern europe. kohl faced down fierce protest over policies supporters say helped win the cold war. others say germany's sought to seek ties with moscow did more to tear down the iron curtain. >> translator: my strategy was to do everything possible to keep the idea of unified germany alive. >> reporter: his political thinking from the start was defined by the horrors

gorbachev, open this gate. mr. gorbachev, tear down this wall. >> president ronald reagan's 1987 trip to berlin. then at 8:00 p.m. on "lectures in history," hillsdale college prf profeser paul moreno. >> advertisers are looking at this. young people begin to adopt their own styles of dress, the kind of music they listen to especially is very different. there's a kind of segregation, separation of youth culture from mainstream culture. >> and sunday at 8:00 p.m. on "the presidency," on the 45th anniversary on the watergate break in, an insider's view into the watergate scandal that resulted in her husband' bob halderman serving an 18-month prison sentence. >> the white house phone rings and i instantly assume it's that dreaded call from nixon. the conversation is surprisingly brief. the president wants john and me to chopper up to meet him at camp david at 1:30 today. when the white house phone rings again, i fight to stay composed. that was ron sigler, press secretary, bob says. he's at camp david too. the presiden

gorbachev, open this gate. [ cheers and applause ] mr. gorbachev, tear down this wall! [ cheers and applause ] >> president n ronald reagan's 1987 trip to berlin. then at 8:00 p.m. on lectures in history, hills dale's college professor paul moreno on how the baby boom and the emergence of teen culture. >> advertisers are looking at this. young people beginning to adopt their own styles of dress, the kind of music they listen to, especially, is very different. there's a kind of segregation, separation of youth culture from mainstream culture. >> and sunday at 8:00 p.m. eastern on the presidency. on the 45th anniversary at the watergate breakin joe haldeman offers an insiders view into richard nixon's white house. >> the white house phone rings and i instancely assume it's that dreaded call from nixon. the conversation was surprisingly belief. the president wants john and me to meet him at camp david at 1: 30 today. when the white house phone rings again, i fight to stay composed. that was ron zeigler, press secretary. bob says he's at camp david, too. the president now f

i don't know if you remember, we had gorbachev and baker back in the '90s agreed nato would not expandtward. well, we've expanded to 13 countries. the first clinton and bush and then obama, three presidents have expanded nato to the east. that is a real -- there is no reason to have that organization, which is a defensive organization made after world war ii, still existing. >> of course, the nato argument, as you well know -- you already know -- the nato argument is that if we don't expand, particularly in that region of the world then putin runs amuck. >> but he hasn't run amuck. he has not run amuck. contrary. if you look at the figures, russia's been shrinking. they lost 21 million russians in the 1990s. they were cut off from russia. he has never expressed an interest in revitalizing that empire. he is trying to keep his land mass complete. and if you look at the history of nato, which is taking you right to the border, looking at the hostility of his neighbors, looking at the aborgation in 2002 -- george bush unilaterally revoked the abm treaty, which we had signed, nixon and bre

gorbachev, open this gate. [ applause ] >> mr. gorbachev, tear down this wall. >> president ronald reagan's 1987 trip to berlin. then at 8:00 p.m. on lectures and history, hillsdale college professor on how the baby boom, suburbanization and teen culture changed world war ii society. >> to get a separate youth culture, advertisers are looking at this, young people begin to adopt their styles of dress, the kind of music they listen to is different. there's a segregation, a separation of youth culture from mainstream culture. >> sunday at 8:00 p.m. eastern, on the presidency. on the 45th anniversary of the watergate break in, joan halderman has a view of the watergate scandal that led to her husband serving an 18-month prison sentence. >> the white house phone rings and i assume it's the dreaded call from nixon. the conversation is surprisingly brief. the president wants john and me to chopper up to meet him at camp david at 1:30 today. when the white house phone rings again, i fight to stay composed. that was ron zeigler, press sec

helmut kohl with the history man, the reassuring figure who convinced the soviet leader mikhail gorbachev, helmut kohl with the father of the nation. but in eastern germany, the economy failed and brilliance lost their jobs. helmut kohl felt dearly. he had ignored the costs of unity and germany paid the price. helmut kohl turned to his other big idea, reuniting europe with the french president. tap—in became the architect of the new european union, with its own currency. at the end, kohl's ruthless attempts to cling to power led to his downfall. then a corruption scandal. he admitted he flouted the law for years, taking secret donations which he said he passed on political friends, secret donations which he said he passed on politicalfriends, but the courts letting go three. his reputation never really recovered but his legacy is filled. in 2010, hejoined the but his legacy is filled. in 2010, he joined the celebrations to mark 20 years of german reunification. the west and east are back together, and helmut kohl will always be remembered as the chancellor of german unity. that did all th

condition to the politics of intelligence" and co-author edits several books, including" insecurity ,"" gorbachev's retreat ,"" "the war -- america's pursuit of the star wars illusion. bush league diplomacy. how the neocontives are putting the world at risk, and failure of intelligence, the decline in fall of the cia. his articles and op-ed have mend the "new york times," harpers, foreign policy, the baltimore sun and be "washington post" and the lives in bethesda, maryland. his book is very interesting. i was once recruited for the cia i found this very interesting. so thank you very much. [applause] >> thank you very much. it's nice to be back here gene. especially when it's not raining. i was here three years ago with national insecurity and this is a wonderful festival and just a wonderful event. i'll start with may 8th, 2017, which is a very important date for two reasons. one reason, that's when the book came our and it was important to me because i had to submit it to the cia for review as part of my contract with the cia. it took them 11 months to review this book. now, i know they're slow

gorbachev, tear down that wall i don't know if he really thought it was going to happen. authoritarian regimes are brittle. and putin is, right now in a position to rule because there is no organized opposition to him and he is making sure that. but a few weeks ago people flooded into the streets of moscow to protest corruption. still online bloggers are still protesting government actions. so there is something slightly live underneath. another thing is the russian people are different than they were in the soviet union. the 25 years since the collapse doesn't matter. when i first went there and 79 russia has looked and now they travel, they send their kids to study abroad. they spoil their children at toys "r" us and buy the furniture at ikea and putin is not there guy. somewhere along here someone might emerge to be a focal point for that constituency. but before we get carried away with the new liberal russia the other potential opposition could come from the harder right. there is an even more culture nationalists and orthodox side that even putin tries to keep under

i went back in the '90s and got to the november gorbachev.sick side, the downside of the '90s with yeltsin but i returned with the snowden story brought me to moscow. i've been there with different moods and feelings. and meeting putin was a big step in trying to understand this demonized state. we've demonized russia to a place where it's almost impossible to talk. trump has been botched in by the investigation. it's a shame because we need to talk. >> so that is what you'd like to see as an outcome from your series? >> i would like to see detente of some kind or understanding. >> how do you feel about stephen colbert and other interviews who questioned your interest in putin, suggested maybe you're producing propaganda for him? >> you can think that but unless you see the four hours, you don't understand it. mr. colbert did not see any of it when he made those comments. >> did that on the air. he hadn't seen it yet. >> the i don't know why i'm there. >> so you don't think interviewers should be doing interviews till they see the show. >> ri

he knew, he didn't want to make it difficult for gorbachev. >> i think that's true with negotiation. if you win a negotiation, if you really win it at the other person's expense, it doesn't go well. what happens next time you want to work something out. they want to get even. >> rose: exactly. >> whereas if everybody's looking at the other person's point of view. which is really empathy but as you may remember in the book, i make a big point of the idea that i think there's something called dark empathy where you know what's going on in the other person's head, what feelings they're going through but youe want to communicate to people. if you want to arrive somewhere together and just understand what your point of view is, if you don't know what's going on in their head, you don't know if they're up to speed with you, then you're just spraying information. that doesn't get you any place. >> rose: i frequently say to people in conversation just so they know, do you understand me? is there something that i'm missing. just make sure that there is a you have crossed the possible barrier

summit there were options that should be considered, starting with the proposition that reagan and gorbachevessed several years ago that a nuclear war cannot be won and must not be fought. that's a signal to the military leaders confronting each other every day in the middle east, and ukraine, nato. so we felt that there were several options that could be considered and that this summit was an opportunity to start turning around because it is going to take a while. >> overnight, we had this unusual statement from the white house press secretary warning russia that it would be held responsible as well as iran if the syrian regime proceeds with what seems to be according to intelligence the possibility of an imminent second chemical weapons attack. what is your response to that the way it was handled, this very public warning. >> i hope it was -- i hope it is a deterrent, i hope there will be no chemical attack. i hope the message was received by the syrian leadership as well as the allies, russia and iran. but i hope also coordinated with the department of defense. it is another red line and

was ukraine really on the verge -- >> gorbachev and reagan.ip o'neal was involved in terms of helping push this forward. in terms of helping to encourage steps forward. >> you felt that was a threat to russia? >> well, i think if the was a better relationship, could you imagine if tip o'neal tried doing what harry reid tried doing to me. >> what did he do? >> sending a letter to the fbi director saying please investigate this guy because he owns a few shares in gas. can you imagine? >> let me ask you your bottom sentiment about this. you think the united states and russia should get together, you think that was the whole effort, all the trump people were involved in that? >> i don't think that's the whole effort. >> what is it? what's the elephant in the room? >> it's a fake elephant, chris. >> you're meetings, the secret meetings, didn't accomplish anything, nothing happened? >> absolutely not. >> nothing. >> i was a small fry in this. >> you have a goal which is to improve our relations with russia. manafort was somewhat related, flynn was r

administration is debating whether to withdraw from an international treaty signed by reagan and gorbachevn 1987 that bans an entire class of nuclear missiles. what's your reaction to that? >> well, that's sort of a minor side issue, not a minor issue, but the russians have been in violation of that treaty for some time so how we handle that is important. the larger issue is the fact that the trump administration flat refuses to acknowledge even what russia is doing, much less that it's a threat. and it's just embarrassing that president trump finally came up with a position on it and that is, well, if it happened, it's obama's fault. he's been president now for six months. he's come up with no strategy whatsoever, in fact, as you mentioned earlier, most of the time, he says the whole russian thing is fake news. what my bill attempts to make sure, it is not fake news. what vladimir putin and russia are doing is a clear threat to our country, our democracy. it's not just our election that they meddled in. they're meddling in elections all across europe, eastern and western europe. they're a

and the question is that back in the 1980s, i think it was 1985, president reagan and gorbachev jointlydeclared a nuclear war was was never to be one and must never be fought. will the two presidents consider any joint language that tries to address the joint concern and commitment to avoiding nuclear conflict between the two largest countries with the two largest arsenals? >> i'm not going to put words in his mouth at this point. >> i'm not going to put words in your mouth, do you think that might be considered as the trip is prepared. >> the president been clear that what we are interested in doing is looking for areas of shared concern on which is possible to make progress together. there are issues that are challenging in a relationship, there are many problems and issues that we need to deal with that are in many cases caused by or certainly aggravated by russia behavior and conflicts in various respects, we need to figure out how to deal with those in a constructive way,how to get through and around that in a way that doesn't compromise and if we can find areas of shared concern a

should say the relationship with moscow since before the end of the soviet union, way back before gorbachev came to power in 1985. the russians are violating the nuclear agreement. they're beginning to help the taliban in afghanistan. there are a lot of issues to discuss. important opportunity for president trump here. if he could have a meeting where the president lays out these american concerns that republicans and democrats agree on it would help to repair our relationship with the europeans like angela merkel who worry about russia. >> the president has teed off on this topic. i pose it to you which is about the last administration's handling of the meddling that took place. should president obama had taken more aggressive action against russia once it became clear that russia was interfering with the election? >> president trump has done absolutely nothing to respond to the russian interference. president obama and -- in my judgment, was too slow in reacting. should have done more, should have been more transparent with the american people. he finally did act. he imposed sanctions on