close this purpose the conversation, to think about history i had the pleasure of interviewing gordon sullivan the board of trustees and he pressed upon me how important it was for him to get this in a huge liberal and i used this in the classical sense, education. there is very little you can do as far as making sound decisions at the top levels of any chain of command. and so i wanted to take us forward now. we spent trillions of dollars in this strongest army of the world that we wanted it to but we haven't been able to prevail against the taliban that has no gdp we have $15 trillion. the same thing in iraq so my question for you is we have the same of its history. when someone says something you think is irrelevant you say that history and i think we ought to do away with that. you buy multiple copies of the book and christmas isn't that far away. can you now take us forward. it's important in two ways. for americans in particular you mentioned afghanistan. the reason we are still fighting in afghanistan 15 years later almost is only because the couple then had a safe haven across the bord

i had the pleasure of interviewing general gordon sullivan, the chair of the board of trustees at the university a few weeks ago, he impressed on me how important it was for him and nor rich to get this history major and a huge liberal and i use the word liberal in the classical sense, education. he said without an understanding of history, this a very little that you can do as far as making sound decisions at the top levels of any chain of command. and so i wanted to take us forward now. we spent trillions of dollars in the strongest army in the world, a stake in every hill that we wanted it to, but we have not been able to prevail against an enemy, the taliban that has no gdp, we have 15,000,000,000,000 dollars, same thing in iraq and you can carry that through. so my question for you is, in america we have the same, oh that's history. right when someone says something that you think is irrelevant, and i think we ought to do away with that saying and i wanted you to take now what happened in 1947 and if you would as you did masterly new book, by the way of raising the pressure here

desigbrazinski and former senats olympia snowe, the chair of the 9/11 commission and the chief of staff gordon r. sullivan. these and others agree climate change is a threat to national security and have called for u.s. leadership in the global effort to tackle the urgent and complex problems of climate change. but yet even these lives and selfless americans are being dismissed if you will by the organized effort to undercut scientific evidence. now, we took steps and have taken steps. just last december in paris we took a step forward with an international agreement. more than 150 countries pledged to develop plans to tackle climate change domestically, including countries once reluctant to act like china and india. american leadership has been key to getting these countries on board and agreeing to do their fair share. these countries are also acting because it's in their self-interest to do so for their own health and for their national security. it's clear that no country can avoid the impacts of climate change. and no country can meet this challenge alone. as a nation that has contributed more than a