they just granded certificated shi ory. secondly, the beginning of sustained moral and legal and military deliberations on what it means to be a great power. we see in the lincoln administration for the first time in american history many i am aware of, sustained thinking and deliberation and debate about what it means to exercise the huge power that comes with an industrialized military force. this ranges from lincoln's extraordinary just war deliberations in the fall, summer and fall of 1862, to the elaboration of a code of rules of engagement that purport to be international law, which are still with us today in the international law that we have from the hey conventions and the geneva conventions. and are right now being argued about in federal courts in washington, d.c. virtually every week. in the coming weeks, the federal district court for the federal court of appeals for the district of columbia will decide a case in which the parties are right now arguing about the legacy of the civil war and the question about --