this appeals today even to libertarians, ron paul keeps a picture of grover cleveland in his office. this, i think, also -- it certainly contributed to grover's unpopularity at the end of his second term. but by some accounts it extended the panic. although the panic also, for the first time, we do see some semblance of public works projects in boston they paid people a dollar a day to chop wood. there were some programs that were beginning. but most of the relief programs during the panic of 1893 were run by labor unions and also churches. and other charitable organizations. there really was no kind of government support program. the panic was also exacerbated, again i go in the book, it's just some amazing writing that i do about this panic of 1893. it's really going to blow your mind. but there was a hurricane that hit the southeast coast of the united states in the fall of 1893 and it couldn't have happened at a worse time and it pretty much devastated georgia and the carolinas. and this contributed to even greater problems with the panic of 1893 and there was really nothing to --

. >> caller: thank you, my question originates from the american president series during the grover cleveland episode. the historian was asked what cleveland thought of william jennings bryan and he said that grover cleveland hated william jennings bryan and then he was cut off and he wasn't able to finish. i was curious what did he hate him for and if in fact is that true? thank you. >> you want to take it? >> i'll start, michael, and you can follow up. he didn't like -- grover cleveland was a hard-money, democratic president. he didn't bryan's position on the silver issue. he didn't like the income tax that bryan has championed in the house and helped pass. but it was the silver issue and breaking with the cleveland administration's repeal of the sherman silver purchase act that most got the ire of grover cleveland. >> cleveland was representative of the old democratic party, democratic party of commercial interests from the east and especially in new york where cleveland was from. he was from buffalo. people who believed thomas jefferson and andrew jackson that the government should not re

the historian was asked what grover cleveland thought of william jennings bryan. he said that cleveland hates bryan and then he was cut off and wasn't finished. i'm wondering whether that was true. >> michael. >> i'll start and you can follow up. grover cleveland was a hard money, democratic president. he didn't like bryan's position on the silver issue. he particularly didn't like the income tax that bryan had championed in the house. and had helped to pass. but it was the silver issue and breaking it with the cleveland administration's repeal of the sherman silver purchase act that most got the ire of grover cleveland. >> yeah, cleveland was representative of the old democratic party. the democratic party of commercial interests from the east, especially new york, where cleveland was from himself, from buffalo. people who believed thomas jefferson and andrew jackson, that the government should not really do very much in the economy. during the depression of the 1890s, grover cleveland said that the people should support the government, but the government should n

then there's grover cleveland, 22nd president and world's most adorable grover.en it came to keeping secrets, president cleveland took it to a whole new level. >> it's hard to imagine an american president dropping out of sight for nearly a week, but that's exactly what happened in 18 # 3, when grover cleveland underwent secret cancer surgery. >> back in 1893, grover cleveland actually had a cancerous tumor in the roof of his mouth. he didn't want anybody to know, so they snuck him on to a yacht. >> he had a friend with a yacht so the cover story is i'm going on a fisher trip and, while they were on the boat, the operation took place. six doctors recruited, all sworn to secrecy, and in about 90 minutes they removed most of his upper ballet, five teeth and most of his upper jaw as well. they kept the press add bay. they kept them at a distance on cape cod until the wound was healed for about three weeks. then he was fitted with a prosthetic device he popped up in his left jaw. by and large the seeke secret hr 23 years. >> trevor: nobody heard from the president fo

would want to go back to the presidency of g rover clevela nd, go back to the presidency of grover clevelandterm president, he underwent a very secretive operation to remove a tumour from his jaw. now, that was actually done on a yacht, if you can believe it, floating in the east river of new york city. but since hospitals have come into place, with more recent and more modern medicine coming into effect, in fact, influenza has been one of the most deadly serious conditions facing presidents, and from there we should really think about the example of woodrow wilson, who 101 years ago was struck down by the so—called spanish flu after world war i. there was an ability of the white house to hide in the past, thinking of fdi and wilson and indeed kennedy, but can the white house really get away with hiding today? —— fdr. the story about oxygen, but only took about 24 hours to get out in the public. cannot white house really do what was done in the past with cleveland, and so in the past with cleveland, and so on? it is a good question, because you're mentioning some of the other presidency were

the president is still grover cleveland. we got to know him last time. male is being disrupted, management is telling us it is the fault of the workers, george pullman is a friend of mine by the way and don't forget that cleveland is like the other gilded age presidents, pro business. he's pro management. so they get the injunction based on two matters. number one, they are interrupting federal delivery of mail. and number two, this is viewed by the courts and the justice department as an illegal conspiracy in restraint of trade. these fellows are in violation of the sherman antitrust act. so the injunction is granted, union does not back down and so we have to send in the army. thousands of u.s. soldiers. fighting took place, dozens were killed, the supreme court -- let's try got broken up finally. the supreme court ruled that debs was wrong and the government was right, that they were violating the law and so this gives great power to those seeking injunctions from courts against labor in the future. and all of these cases, a lot of americans knew who

i mean, back in 1893, grover cleveland actually had a cancerous tumor in the roof of his mouth. he didn't want anybody to know, so they snuck him on to a yacht and did the operation on the roof of his mouth in a yacht. when reagan -- woodrow wilson had a stroke where they covered it up. fdr covered up a lot of health things. when reagan was shot, we all say it. reagan famously said "i forgot to duck," went to george washington hospital, made a joke about whether the doctors were republicans or not. but we all prayed for ronald reagan, and he pulled through that. but it -- it started getting americans worried more than ever, starting in the '80s, about having to know the health of a president. so we did know it when ronald reagan had colon cancer and when he had skin cancer, and since the '80s, we've been vigilant on medical records, tell us what's going on, we demand to know. there's no more grover cleveland/woodrow wilson-era cover-ups allowed. >> douglas brinkley. >>> anxiety over the continuity of the government in the face of the president's diagnosis. how a lack of transpar

grover cleveland had essentially favored the spanish over the cubans.t wasn't because you like the spanish particularly, but because he was a status quo guy and want to stability. his view was as soon as spain can sort of put down its insurrection, it can go back to the status quo and everything will be stable and we will be fine. not very realistic. mckinley rejected that out of hand from almost they won. and from day one, he concluded, i think the record is clear if you study it carefully, he wanted spain out of the caribbean. he wanted spain out of cuba. however, he did not want to go to war to do it if you could avoid that. so what did he do? he opened up negotiation with a sort of program of diplomacy in spain and spain realized that america is becoming a pretty powerful country. this is our neighborhood and it would be very difficult if they went to war with us. they did not want to war with us. so they entered into diplomacy as well. pretty soon they could see that mckinley, his diplomacy was -- behind the affability and the velvet glove was an i

grover cleveland, who as we all know, was the only president who served two non consecutive terms. he was rejected by either his party or the voters after each. thus making him the only two-time one-term president in our history. and john quincy adams, who was swept away in a populous wave at the behest of andrew jackson. so, the mystery deepens. i'm going to urge you not to just tick off bullet poins, but the political drama. he led us into a war with spain in 19 1898. it ended up being a huge success. it was a three-month war. we destroy ed the spanish empir essentially. in the process, we destroyed two spanish fleets. the atlantic and the pacific fleets. we became an empire by acquiring from spain, puerto rico, guam and the philippines. we liberated cuba many the caribbean. we could have kept it, but we made a commitment that we wouldn't. he kicked spain out of the caribbean and turned it into an american lake. for good measure. because we noted he acquired hawaii through negotiation and acquisition and annexation. he set in motion the events that led eventually, i saw the displ

second term under serious economic depression grover clevela nd serious economic depression grover cleveland was diagnosed on the roof of his mouth in 1893, he had surgery in secret. nobody found out. he returned with a prosthetic jaw. woodrow wilson's stroe came after he had scrambled to end world war i and the flu pandemic had begun its lethal march across america. at the time only the white house dr and his wife knew how bad it was. he retired from public life to use later and died three years after that. as america marks the 316... diagnosed with polio in 1921, roosevelt became paralysed from the waist down. he used leg braces to stand and avoided being photographed in his wheelchair. the president was put in an oxygen tent... the dr said the condition was neither a mile seriousness. what was described as a digestive upset during the night was really a heart attack. injuly 1973 really a heart attack. injuly1973 richard really a heart attack. in july 1973 richard nixon really a heart attack. injuly1973 richard nixon was hospitalised in what is now walter reed for viral pneumonia. and almo

. >> grover cleveland had horrible mouth cancer. woodrow wilson had a stroke. however the president is on twitter every five minutes. the notion that he could stay at a public site for three days, three weeks, and say everything is normal is simply inconceivable in 2020. >> the biggest lesson, pay attention to the repeatable experts. >> that science actually has something to contribute. >> and be wary, foreign adversaries may step up operations on social media. >> they go to spread rumors like wildfire. >>> the presence positive test now raising questions about how far the virus has spread to the highest level of the federal government. >>> back to the fire watch right now, crews continued to battle those flames but also the extreme heat. the bad air, and we have just heard from cal fire months ago the sonoma county officials say the crews are working on los alamos rd. right now, trying to get people back into their homes, this is near skyhawk. they say that area is still dangerous and it will be sometime before the population will begin. still, one of the bigg

there is no more grover cleveland, woodrow wilson era coverups allowed. the 25th amendment kicks in but, also, as a public, are demanding more. and i think walter reed, tomorrow morning, has to speak about what's going on. mike pence has to speak. maybe, melania trump. we're not hearing much about her. is holding up anybody from talking about it. i think we have to wonder what she is going through, right now. our nation's prayers have to go for donald trump but we also need answers because a lot is at stake. >> after testing negative, earlier today, joe biden spoke in grand rapids, michigan. he wished the president and the first lady well. here it is. >> i'd like to start by acknowledging, which i'm sure all of you do as well, sending my prayers for the health and safety of the first lady and president -- the president of the united states after they tested positive for covid-19. my wife, jill, and i prayed that they make a quick and full recovery. this is not a matter of politics. it's embracing the reminder to all of us that we have to take this serious

grover cleveland had emergency jaw surgery and that was kept secret. woodrow wilson had a stroke. that was kept hidden. franklin roosevelt was dying in 1944 of congestive heart failure. john kennedy had all kinds of illnesses that were covered up. the second thing is, this white house has been completely stonewalling about a lot of issues about the president's medical history. why did he go to walter reed several months ago? so, yeah, there are grounds for at least skepticism about whether the public is getting the true story on something that the public has-- has every right to know. we're being asked to re-elect this president, and if we're not getting transparent, clear, honest information about his health, that's a-- that's a pretty serious matter. >> sreenivasan: jeff greenfield, thanks so much for joining us. >> okay, hari. >> sreenivasan: there are a lot of questions about the drugs that the president has been given for covid-19, and when there might be a vaccine that is readily available for all. i spoke about that earlier th pro-publica health reporter caroline chen. >> a

which most cup i are from grover cleveland. >> yes cleveland was representative of the old democratic party. the democratic party of commercial interest for the, east especially, new york where cleveland was himself. he was from buffalo. people who believed thomas jefferson and andrew jackson that the government didn't really do very much in the economy. during the depression of the 1890s covert cleveland said that the people should support the government but the government should support the people. this is very different from what bryan believed, he was a liberal. he thinks the government should be strong enough to help people who can't help themselves. he wanted to address the balance between corporate power and the power of workers and small farmers. and also cleveland had broken the strike with federal troops. and cleveland's attorney general was actually a roll road attorney at the same time -- the strike by railroad workers. so for bryan, cleveland was, in the 1890s at least, representative of all he did like about his, party and all he did like about american politics. >> time

>> there is a tradition of not being very transparent, that goes back to grover cleveland, he secretly had cancer surgery on a yacht, woodrow wilson who got spanish flu, the last time we had a pandemic, he got spanish flu in paris and that was it, he had a very serious stroke, his wife kept it hidden from the country, franklin roosevelt went to great lengths to not let the american people know how debilitated he was from polio, president kennedy with addison's disease, president eisenhower, there is something of a tradition of doing this, of being, dissembling and not entirely telling the truth, we saw an example this afternoon where the president's chief position came out and said one thing, then within 15 minutes, we have the chief of staff saying something different. >> fine line between privacy and transparency. >>> nationwide, cases of coronavirus reached their highest daily total in nearly 2 months yesterday, there were 54,441 positive cases of covid- 19 reported, that is the highest single day case count since august 14th, just over 64,000 cases were reported nationwide, the cou

grover cleveland in the 1890s had been president. the notion -- the notion that the government -- that the federal government, especially, would step in and try to correct the economic cycle was heresy. depressions were acts of god. there were booms and there were busts. and there was nothing you could do about it. and that's the philosophy that, for example, andrew milne who was hoover's holdover secretary of the treasury maintained. he basically told the president just, you know, flush out the system. all of the bad, the crooked bankers, the speculators, all of that, you know, i mean, that was hobsian economics. and hoover's response was to get himself a new secretary of the treasury. he sent him to the court of st. james. but the other thing is, we tend to think that the stock market collapsed in october 1929 and the next day there were bread lines. and in fact, this was a story that took time to evolve. early in 1930, "the new york times," among other media outlets, praised hoover for doing more than any president before under th

. >> in june of 1893 president grover cleveland underwent surgery to remove a cancerous tumor from his

grover cleveland got involved -- he sent u.s. troops to open up the railway depots that had been shut down as a result of the strike that had been called by the aru, and then debs was ultimately didn't call the striking workers off and was found in contempt of court for not following the injunction. and so he served three months in prison as a result of being convicted of being in contempt of court. and so then, it was then when he was in prison after the strike when he was introduced to socialist party literature and became a socialist party member and then staunch advocate. >> i read a description that he entered -- left prison a changed man the first time. do you know more about that? >> well, i think he did come to the realization when the federal troops came in and smashed the strike, when he ended up in prison for defending the rights of workers, that it made it as clear as it could be that the two parties were both working against labor and that there needed to be an alternative. he didn't go right away to socialism. he wa

the president is still grover cleveland. we got to know him last time. the main is being disrupted.agement tells us it's the fault of the workers. george pullman is a friend of mine, by the way, and don't forget that cleveland is, like the other gilded age presidents, for business, for management. so they get the injunction based on two matters. number one they are interrupting federal delivery of the male, and number two, this is viewed by the courts and justice department as an illegal conspiracy in restraint of trade. these fellows are in violation of the sherman antitrust act. so the injunction is granted and the union does not back down. and so we have to send in the army. thousands of u.s. soldiers. fighting took place, dozens were killed. the supreme court -- strike that. following two new area, the supreme court ruled in the case of -- dips was wrong. the government was right. they were violating the law and so this gives great power to those seeking injunctions for -- against lever in the future. and all of these cases, a lot of americans knew who was to blame. it was the w

and instead the republicans nominated james blaine who ran against grover cleveland, and grover clevelandurned out to be the only democrat elected between abraham lincoln in 1860 and woodrow wilson in 1912. other than cleveland, no dem kra -- democrat was elected president. cleveland was elected twice, but other than that the only democrat. arthur went back to new york with excruciatingly painful kidney disease. conkling gives him a speech at his funeral and refers to him as his accidentcy. conkling falls dead going home from his girlfriend's house in a blizzard and dies of pulmonary emphysema. i would hope this would put him into the professional leadership of america. obviously the opposite happened. the entire united states turned on him. within months of garfield's death, the journal published an article criticizing bliss for not doing too little but doing too much. bliss has cast upon us a legal surgery more than any other president. no bullets inflicted by the assassin's bullet were necessarily fatal and wound treatment would have prevented the death of the president. another medica

howell jackson, who was a grover cleveland nominee. served for a couple of years and got ill and died in the 1890's. from this standpoint, there is a good precedent for johnson. a sickly any president who is nominated gets confirmed. with this precedent, johnson may have some problems here. he is not a popular president, the senate did not have much of a precedent in terms of confirming late nominees. johnson is looking at one other vote. he fails to anticipate where the key opposition will come from in 1968. this is the chart johnson is looking at as he is making his selection. this is the roll call vote for thurgood marshall's confirmation in 1967. you will notice this is not a unanimous vote like many of the others in the 1930's, 1940's, and 1950's. there are 11 senators who voted against thurgood marshall's confirmation. the 11 are up top on the chart. if you squint closely you can pretty much identify where these people are coming from. they are all from the south. 10 of them are democrats. this is a peerriod, and the 11th -- a pe

and instead the republicans nominated james blaine who ran against grover cleveland, and grover cleveland turned out to be the only democrat elected between abraham lincoln in 1860 and woodrow wilson in 1912. other than cleveland, no dem -- democrat was elected president. cleveland was elected twice, but other than that the only democrat. arthur went back to new york where he's diagnosed with bright's disease, an excruciatingly painful kidney disease, painful at the time, and dies at the age of 56. conkling gives him a speech at his funeral and refers to him as his accidency. conkling falls dead himself walking home from his girlfriend's house in a blizzard and dies of pulmonary emphysema. dr. bliss hoped that this case would tremendously thrust him into the leadership of america. obviously the opposite happened. the entire medical community in the united states turned on him. within months after garfield's death, the boston medical journal printed an article criticizing bliss for not doing too little but doing too much. bliss has zone more to cast more distrust upon surgery than any othe

as president, thanks to the peculiar way we count the two nonconsecutive administrations of grover cleveland in the 19th century. all 44 of those presidents have been males. all but two of them have been white protestant males. , of the 44, have been elected to second terms, which is a room entry indicator of the character of our political system and its volatility. scarcely more than one third of our chief executives beginning in the 18th century have been elected to a second term for one reason or another. eight have died in office. four have been assassination. five have been elected without popular majorities. three have been impeached and two of those in the lifetime of many people here today. of all of those numbers, the one i want to of the size most, is the number one. by that, i mean the president is electedne of the 536 officials in washington, d.c. strictly speaking, it is 537, and theers of congress, president and vice president i'm treating as a single click on entity. so the president is one of 536 elected officials. when i reflect on that asymmetry, between the one president a

mckinley comes into the presidency and takes over grover cleveland. he had favored the spanish, not because he liked the spanish particularly, but because he was a state of school guy. he wanted stability. his view was as soon as think it put down the insurrection, like a go back to stability and everything will be fine. not very realistic. mckinley rejected that out of hand from almost day one. from day one, he concluded, i think the record is very clear if you study it carefully. he wanted spain out of the caribbean. he wanted spain out of cuba. he didn't want to go to war and it, if you could avoid that or. what did he do? he opened up a negotiation, a program of diplomacy with spain, and spain realized that america is becoming a powerful country, and this is our neighborhood, and it would be very difficult to go to war with us. they don't want a war with us. they entered into the diplomacy as well. pretty soon they could see that mckinley, is diplomacy was behind this affability and velvet gloves, an iron fist. he was saying to them we want the sw

in the 1800s, grover cleveland had a cancerous tumor in the roof of his mouth. they snuck him onto a yacht and did the operation on a yacht. and woodrow wilson had a stroke, they covered it up. fdr covered up a lot of health things. when reagan was shot, we all saw it. he famously said, i forgot to duck. and he made a joke about whether doctors were republicans or not. we all prayed for ronald reagan, and he pulled through. but it started getting americans worried starting in the '80s about having to know the health of a president. we did know when reagan had skin cancer and colon cancer. since the '80s, we've been vigilant on health records. there's no cleveland/wilson-era coverups allowed. the 25th amendment kicks in, and as a public we're demanding more. and tomorrow morning, walter reed has to speak about what's going on. mike pence, maybe melania trump is holding up anybody from talking about it. we have to wonder what she's going through right now. our nation's prayers have to go for donald trump, but we also need answers because a lot is at stake. >> afte

president, thanks to the peculiar way that way we count the two nonconsecutive administrations of grover cleveland the 19th century. all 44 of those presidents have been males. all but two of them have been white protestant males. 17 of them, 17 of the 44, have been elected to second terms, which is a

blaine, unsuccessful nominee for president in the 1884 election and grover cleveland was the successfulndidate. we believe he had an outside influence on american history. we're learning more about that. woodland hills, california, you're on the air, eric. >> caller: continuing on about james g. blaine's personality, i was wondering he's certainly a larger than life character. do you see him embodied in any current politician? thank you. >> let me ask neil rule briefly and then i'll ask our two guests. giving them a little time to think about it. >> no, i don't think so. he was considered a very congenial person and of course he came from a way, as we say here in maine. he came up here as a young man and was immediately accepted by people here because he was so good with people. so he was sort of a combination of various people that we have now. i don't see anyone that has his intellectual depth. he was a very bright guy, very well-read. i was reading about him going to parties in washington and being described as being surrounded by all the women there because he was reading them poetr

. >> he contended against democrat, grover cleveland who won. the republican party that nominated him, this was his third try for the white house, he was unsuccessful the two times earlier for a nomination. what was the key to getting the nomination in 1884? >> persistence is part of this. he continued to try and he was recognized as a leading figure in the republican party, there is no question. one of his many nicknames was mr. republican and he was certainly a leading figure. >> he had some great enemies at the time who tried to deny him the nomination. explain the split in the republican party. >> there was a group of moderates called the mugwumps. this was 1884. they were the intelligence tip from boston, philadelphia, new york. they were folks that believed that blaine was a very corrupt individual. you think of henry adams who wrote "democracy.'he did have very strong enemies even within his party. >> ultimately, this is a very close election. will you tell me about the results? >> he loses by 30 or 40 votes. is that correct? >> the actua

president, thanks to the peculiar way that way we count the two nonconsecutive administrations of grover clevelandack in the 19th century. all 44 of those presidents have been males. all but two of them have been white, protestant males. 17 of them, 17 of the 44, have been elected to second tms

you can see the campaign items from the grover cleveland campaigns as well. >> welcome to you, thank you for joining us for the contenders tonight, live from liberty ville illinois. richard norton smith and i will work our way over to the stevenson barn here on the family farm. we are currently in the house, in the study, but next to it is a barn. this was a semi working farm at one point, with animals, sheep, horses, it's set era. we will work our way over there, where there is a new display about adlai stevenson, so you can see that as well. first, we want to show you campaign commercials so you can see some of the video of adlai stevenson. these campaign commercials are from 1956 and 1952. in fact, one of them, we will show you, was filmed right here in this study. >> it's wonderful house sitting right here in my own library, thanks to television, i can talk to millions of people. i couldn't reach them any other way. but i am not going to let this spoil me. i am not going to stop traveling in this campaign. i can talk to you, yes, but i cannot listen to you. i cannot hear about yo

. >> under grover cleveland. >> yes. then he ran again unsuccessfu y unsuccessfully. this is grandfather stevenson's hat and you can see the campaign items as well. >> richard norton smith and i are going to work our way over to the stevenson barn here on the family farm. we're currently in the house in the study, but next to it is a barn. this was a semi-working farm at one point with animals, sheep and horses, et cetera, and we're going to work our way over there where there is a new display about adlai stevenson, so you'll be able to see that as well. but first we want to show you some campaign commercials so you can see some of the video of adlai stevenson. these campaign commercials are from 1956 and 1952. in fact, one of them we're going to show you was filmed right here in this study. >> it's wonderful how sitting right here in my own library, thanks to television, i can talk to millions of people that i couldn't reach any other way. i'm not going to let this spoil me. i'm not going to stop traveling in this campaign. i can talk to you, yes, but i can't listen

grover clevland's side is "ma ma where's my pa? " the rejoined of that is "gone to the white house ha, ha, ha." what was that all about? >> that is about this accusation that cleveland a child out of wedlock somewhere and in fact that he was not the moral upstanding man that could be set up to challenge the corrupt and devious blaine. >> he chose a tactic, as i read, which was not to deny. >> right and apparently to pay child support, to find the child and pay for its orphan, pay for the child and the orphanage. >> a lesson perhaps for modern politicians is come right at it head on. >> just come out and admit it. >> i also have a book here because obviously the media, the newspapers were partisan at the time. this is a book that james g. blaine wrote, "20 years of congress" which helped set the stage for his campaign i understand. this was very well recieved. >> yes, the first volume he began to write it in 1881. i think shortly after he was secretary of state for the first time. the first volume was published in 1884, maybe just in time for the campaign. the second volume did not appear until 1886. however, it was a highly popular two-volume best seller. apparently